1 GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes.
3 Copyright (C) 2014-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 See the end of the file for license conditions.
6 Please send Emacs bug reports to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.
7 If possible, use M-x report-emacs-bug.
9 This file is about changes in Emacs version 25.
11 See file HISTORY for a list of GNU Emacs versions and release dates.
12 See files NEWS.24, NEWS.23, NEWS.22, NEWS.21, NEWS.20, NEWS.19, NEWS.18,
13 and NEWS.1-17 for changes in older Emacs versions.
15 You can narrow news to a specific version by calling `view-emacs-news'
16 with a prefix argument or by typing C-u C-h C-n.
19 +++ indicates that all necessary documentation updates are complete.
20 (This means all relevant manuals in doc/ AND lisp doc-strings.)
21 --- means no change in the manuals is needed.
22 When you add a new item, use the appropriate mark if you are sure it applies,
23 otherwise leave it unmarked.
26 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.2
29 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.2
32 * Changes in Emacs 25.2
35 ** `align-regexp' has a separate history for its interactive argument
36 `align-regexp' no longer shares its history with all other
37 history-less functions that use `read-string'
40 ** The networking code has been reworked so that it's more
41 asynchronous than it was (when specifying :nowait t in
42 `make-network-process'). How asynchronous it is varies based on the
43 capabilities of the system, but on a typical GNU/Linux system the DNS
44 resolution, the connection, and (for TLS streams) the TLS negotiation
45 are all done without blocking the main Emacs thread. To get
46 asynchronous TLS, the TLS boot parameters have to be passed in (see
47 the manual for details).
49 Certain process oriented functions (like `process-datagram-address')
50 will block until socket setup has been performed. The recommended way
51 to deal with asynchronous sockets is to avoid interacting with them
52 until they have changed status to "run". This is most easily done
53 from a process sentinel.
55 ** `make-network-stream' has always allowed :service to be specified
56 as a "number string" (i.e., :service "993") when using gethostbyname,
57 but has required using a real number (i.e., :service 993) on systems
58 without gethostbyname. This difference has now been eliminated, and
59 you can use "number strings" on all systems.
61 ** It is possible to disable attempted recovery on fatal signals
63 Two new variables allow to disable attempts to recover from stack
64 overflow and to avoid automatic auto-save when Emacs is delivered a
65 fatal signal. `attempt-stack-overflow-recovery', if set to `nil',
66 will disable attempts to recover from C stack overflows; Emacs will
67 then crash as with any other fatal signal.
68 `attempt-orderly-shutdown-on-fatal-signal', if set to `nil', will
69 disable attempts to auto-save the session and shut down in an orderly
70 fashion when Emacs receives a fatal signal; instead, Emacs will
71 terminate immediately. Both variables are non-`nil' by default.
72 These variables are for users who would like to avoid the small
73 probability of data corruption due to techniques Emacs uses to recover
77 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.2
80 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
85 *** A new `s' command for switching to another eww buffer via the minibuffer.
88 *** The `o' command (`shr-save-contents') has moved to `O' to avoid collision
89 with the `o' command from `image-map'.
92 ** The commands that add ChangeLog entries now prefer a VCS root directory
93 for the ChangeLog file, if none already exists. Customize
94 `change-log-directory-files' to nil for the old behavior.
97 ** Support for non-string values of `time-stamp-format' has been removed.
102 *** New connection method "sg", which allows to edit files under
106 *** New connection method "doas" for OpenBSD hosts.
109 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
112 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
115 ** Resizing a frame no longer runs `window-configuration-change-hook'.
116 Put your function on `window-size-change-functions' instead.
119 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
121 ** New var syntax-ppss-table to control the syntax-table used in syntax-ppss
123 ** Autoload files can be generated without timestamps,
124 by setting `autoload-timestamps' to nil.
126 ** `ert-with-function-mocked' of 'ert-x package allows mocking of functions
130 ** New functions `window-pixel-width-before-size-change' and
131 `window-pixel-height-before-size-change' allow to detect which window
132 changed size when `window-size-change-functions' are run.
135 * Changes in Emacs 25.2 on Non-Free Operating Systems
137 ** Intercepting hotkeys on Windows 7 and later now works better.
138 The new keyboard hooking code properly grabs system hotkeys such as
139 Win-* and Alt-TAB, in a way that Emacs can get at them before the
140 system. This makes the `w32-register-hot-key' functionality work
141 again on all versions of MS-Windows starting with Windows 7. On
142 Windows NT and later you can now register any hotkey combination. (On
143 Windows 9X, the previous limitations, spelled out in the Emacs manual,
147 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.1
150 ** Building Emacs now requires C99 or later.
153 ** Building Emacs now requires GNU make, version 3.81 or later.
156 ** New configure option --with-cairo.
157 This builds Emacs with Cairo drawing. As a side effect, it provides
158 support for built-in printing, when Emacs was built with GTK+.
159 Cairo drawing is an experimental feature in Emacs, and subject to
160 change in future releases.
163 ** New configure option --with-modules.
164 This enables support for loading dynamic modules; see below.
167 ** By default, Emacs no longer works on IRIX. We expect that Emacs
168 users are not affected by this, as SGI stopped supporting IRIX in
169 December 2013. If you are affected, please send a bug report. You
170 should be able to work around the problem either by porting the Emacs
171 undumping code to GCC under IRIX, or by configuring --with-wide-int,
172 or by sticking with Emacs 24.4.
175 ** The Emacs garbage collector assumes GC_MARK_STACK == GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS.
176 The GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS stack-marking variant has been the default
177 since Emacs 24.4, and the other variants were undocumented and were
178 obstacles to maintenance and development. GC_MARK_STACK and its
179 related symbols have been removed from the C internals.
182 ** 'configure' now prefers gnustep-config when configuring GNUstep.
183 If gnustep-config is not available, the old heuristics are used.
186 ** 'configure' now prefers inotify to gfile for file notification,
187 unless gfile is explicitly requested via --with-file-notification='gfile'.
190 ** 'configure' detects the kqueue file notification library on *BSD
191 and Mac OS X machines.
194 ** The configure option '--with-pkg-config-prog' has been removed.
195 Use './configure PKG_CONFIG=/full/name/of/pkg-config' if you need to.
198 ** The configure option '--with-mmdf' has been removed.
199 It was no longer useful, as it relied on libraries that are no longer
200 supported, and its presence led to confusion during configuration.
201 This affects only the 'movemail' utility; Emacs itself can still
202 process MMDF-format files as before.
205 ** The configure option '--enable-silent-rules' is now the default,
206 and silent rules are now quieter. To get the old behavior where
207 'make' chatters a lot, configure with '--disable-silent-rules' or
208 build with 'make V=1'.
211 ** The configure option '--with-gameuser' now allows you to specify a
212 group instead of a user if its argument is prefixed by ':' (a colon).
213 This will cause the game score files in ${localstatedir}/games/emacs
214 to be owned by that group, and the helper program for updating them to
215 be installed setgid. The option now defaults to the 'games' group.
218 ** The `grep-changelog' script (and its manual page) are no longer included.
219 It has no particular connection to Emacs and has not changed in years,
220 so if you want to use it, you can always take a copy from an older Emacs.
223 ** Emacs 25 comes with a new set of icons.
224 Various resolutions are available as etc/images/icons/hicolor/*/apps/emacs.png.
225 The old Emacs logo icons are available as `emacs23.png' in the same location.
228 ** New make target `check-expensive' to run additional tests.
229 This includes all tests which run via "make check", plus additional
230 tests which take more time to perform.
233 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.1
236 ** When Emacs is given a file as a command line argument and
237 `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, display both the file and
238 `initial-buffer-choice'. When Emacs is given more than one file and
239 `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, show `initial-buffer-choice'
240 and *Buffer List*. This makes Emacs convenient to use from the
241 command line when `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil.
244 ** The value of ‘initial-scratch-message’ is now treated as a doc string
245 and can contain escape sequences for command keys, quotes, and the like.
248 * Changes in Emacs 25.1
251 ** Xwidgets: a new feature for embedding native widgets inside Emacs buffers.
252 If you have gtk3 and webkitgtk3 installed, and Emacs was built with
253 xwidget support, you can access the embedded webkit browser with `M-x
254 xwidget-webkit-browse-url'. This opens a new buffer with the embedded
255 browser. The buffer will have a new mode, `xwidget-webkit-mode'
256 (similar to `image-mode'), which supports the webkit widget.
259 *** New functions for xwidget-webkit mode `xwidget-webkit-insert-string',
260 `xwidget-webkit-adjust-size-dispatch', `xwidget-webkit-back',
261 `xwidget-webkit-browse-url', `xwidget-webkit-reload',
262 `xwidget-webkit-current-url', `xwidget-webkit-scroll-backward',
263 `xwidget-webkit-scroll-forward', `xwidget-webkit-scroll-down',
264 `xwidget-webkit-scroll-up'.
267 ** Emacs can now load shared/dynamic libraries (modules).
268 A dynamic Emacs module is a shared library that provides additional
269 functionality for use in Emacs Lisp programs, just like a package
270 written in Emacs Lisp would. The functions `load', `require',
271 `load-file', etc. were extended to load such modules, as they do with
272 Emacs Lisp packages. The new variable `module-file-suffix' holds the
273 system-dependent value of the file-name extension (`.so' on Posix
274 hosts) of the module files.
276 A module should export a C-callable function named
277 `emacs_module_init', which Emacs will call as part of the call to
278 `load' or `require' which loads the module. It should also export a
279 symbol named `plugin_is_GPL_compatible' to indicate that its code is
280 released under the GPL or compatible license; Emacs will refuse to
281 load modules that don't export such a symbol.
283 If a module needs to call Emacs functions, it should do so through the
284 API defined and documented in the header file `emacs-module.h'. Note
285 that any module that provides Lisp-callable functions will have to use
286 Emacs functions such as `fset' and `funcall', in order to register its
287 functions with the Emacs Lisp interpreter.
289 Modules can create `user-ptr' Lisp objects that embed pointers to C
290 struct's defined by the module. This is useful for keeping around
291 complex data structures created by a module, to be passed back to the
292 module's functions. User-ptr objects can also have associated
293 "finalizers" -- functions to be run when the object is GC'ed; this is
294 useful for freeing any resources allocated for the underlying data
295 structure, such as memory, open file descriptors, etc. A new
296 predicate `user-ptrp' returns non-nil if its argument is a `user-ptr'
299 Loadable modules in Emacs are an experimental feature, and subject to
300 change in future releases. For that reason, their support is disabled
301 by default, and must be enabled by using the `--with-modules' option
305 ** A second dir-local file (.dir-locals-2.el) is now accepted.
306 See the variable `dir-locals-file-2' for more information.
309 ** Network security (TLS/SSL certificate validity and the like) is
310 added via the new Network Security Manager (NSM) and controlled via
311 the `network-security-level' variable.
314 ** International domain names (IDNA) are now encoded via the new
315 puny.el library, so that one can visit web sites like
316 "http://méxico.icom.museum".
319 ** C-h l now also lists the commands that were run.
321 ** The new M-s M-w key binding uses eww to search the web for the
325 ** The new `timer-list' command lists all active timers in a buffer
326 where you can cancel them with the `c' command.
328 ** M-x suggests shorthands and ignores obsolete commands for completion.
329 ** x-select-enable-clipboard is renamed select-enable-clipboard.
330 x-select-enable-primary and renamed select-enable-primary.
331 Additionally they both now apply to all systems (OSX, GNUstep, Windows, you
332 name it), with the proviso that on some systems (e.g. Windows)
333 select-enable-primary is ineffective since the system doesn't
334 have the equivalent of a primary selection.
337 ** New option `switch-to-buffer-in-dedicated-window' allows you to
338 customize how `switch-to-buffer' proceeds interactively when the
339 selected window is strongly dedicated to its buffer.
342 ** The option `even-window-heights' has been renamed to
343 `even-window-sizes' and now handles window widths as well.
346 ** New function `read-multiple-choice' use to prompt for
347 multiple-choice questions, with a handy way to display help texts.
350 ** terpri gets an optional arg ENSURE to conditionally output a newline.
353 ** `insert-register' now leaves point after the inserted text
354 when called interactively. A prefix argument toggles this behavior.
357 ** The new variable `term-file-aliases' replaces some files from lisp/term.
358 The function `tty-run-terminal-initialization' consults this variable
359 when deciding what terminal-specific initialization code to run.
362 ** New variable `system-configuration-features', listing some of the
363 main features that Emacs was compiled with. This is mainly intended
364 for use in Emacs bug reports.
367 ** A password is now hidden also when typed in batch mode. Another
368 hiding character but the default `.' can be used by let-binding the
369 variable `read-hide-char'.
372 ** New input methods: `tamil-dvorak' and `programmer-dvorak'.
375 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.1
378 ** M-x suggests shorthands and ignores obsolete commands for completion.
383 *** Successive single-char deletions are collapsed in the undo-log just like
384 successive char insertions. Which commands invoke this behavior is
385 controlled by the new `undo-auto-amalgamate' function. See the node
386 "Undo" in the ELisp manual for more details.
389 *** The heuristic used to insert `undo-boundary' after each command
390 has changed, so that if a command causes changes in more than just the
391 current buffer, Emacs now calls `undo-boundary' in every buffer
392 affected by the command.
395 ** New command `comment-line' bound to `C-x C-;'.
397 ** New and improved facilities for inserting Unicode characters
400 *** Unicode names entered via C-x 8 RET now use substring completion by default.
403 *** C-x 8 now has shorthands for these chars: ‐ ‑ ‒ – — ― ‘ ’ “ ” † ‡ • ′ ″
404 € № ← → ↔ − ≈ ≠ ≤ ≥. As before, you can type C-x 8 C-h to list shorthands.
407 *** New minor mode electric-quote-mode for quoting ‘like this’ and “like this”
408 as you type. See also the new variable ‘text-quoting-style’.
411 ** New minor mode global-eldoc-mode is enabled by default.
414 ** Emacs now uses "bracketed paste mode" on text terminals that support it.
415 Bracketed paste mode causes text terminals to wrap pasted text in special
416 escape sequences that allow Emacs to tell the difference between text
417 you type and text you paste from other applications. Emacs then
418 avoids interpreting each character in the pasted text as it does with
419 keyboard input, which results in a paste experience similar to that
420 under a window system, and significant performance improvements when
421 pasting large amounts of text.
423 Bracketed paste mode is disabled by default, so Emacs automatically
424 enables it at startup if the terminal supports it.
427 ** Emacs now supports the latest version of the UBA.
428 The Emacs implementation of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm (UBA)
429 was updated to support all the latest additions and changes introduced
430 in Unicode Standard versions 6.3, 7.0, and the latest Unicode 8.0.
431 This includes full support for directional isolates and the
432 Bidirectional Parentheses Algorithm (BPA) specified by these Unicode
436 ** You can access `mouse-buffer-menu' (C-down-mouse-1) using C-f10.
439 ** New buffer-local `electric-pair-local-mode'.
442 ** New variable `fast-but-imprecise-scrolling' inhibits
443 fontification during full screen scrolling operations, giving less
444 hesitant operation during auto-repeat of C-v, M-v at the cost of
445 possible inaccuracies in the end position.
448 ** New documentation command `describe-symbol'.
449 Works for functions, variables, faces, etc. It is bound to `C-h o' by
453 ** New function `custom-prompt-customize-unsaved-options' checks for
454 unsaved customizations and prompts user to customize (if found). It
455 is intended for adding to 'kill-emacs-query-functions'.
458 ** The old `C-x w' bindings in hi-lock-mode are officially deprecated
459 in favor of the global `M-s h' bindings introduced in Emacs-23.1.
460 They'll disappear soon.
463 ** New bindings for 'query-replace-map'.
464 `undo', undo the last replacement; bound to `u'.
465 `undo-all', undo all replacements; bound to `U'.
468 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
473 *** New command `checkdoc-package-keywords' checks if the
474 current package keywords are recognized. Set the new option
475 `checkdoc-package-keywords-flag' to non-nil to make
476 `checkdoc-current-buffer' call this function automatically.
479 *** New function `checkdoc-file' checks for style errors.
480 It's meant for use together with `compile':
481 emacs -batch --eval "(checkdoc-file \"subr.el\")"
486 *** The desktop format version has been upgraded from 206 to 208.
487 Although Emacs 25.1 can read a version 206 desktop, earlier Emacsen
488 cannot read a version 208 desktop. To upgrade your desktop file, you
489 must explicitly request the upgrade, by C-u M-x desktop-save. You are
490 recommended to do this as soon as you have firmly upgraded to Emacs
491 25.1 (or later). Should you ever need to downgrade your desktop file
492 to version 206, you can do this with C-u C-u M-x desktop-save.
495 ** New function `bookmark-set-no-overwrite' bound to C-x r M.
496 It raises an error if a bookmark of that name already exists,
497 unlike `bookmark-set' which silently updates an existing bookmark.
502 *** New user options `mm-html-inhibit-images' and `mm-html-blocked-images'
503 now control how mm-* functions fetch and display images in an HTML
504 message. Gnus still uses `gnus-inhibit-images' and `gnus-blocked-images'
505 for that purpose, i.e., binds mm-html- variables with those gnus-
506 variables, but other packages do not have to bind gnus- variables now.
509 *** `mm-inline-text-html-with-images' has been removed.
510 Use `mm-html-inhibit-images' instead. Note that the value is opposite
516 *** `imap-ssl-program' has been removed, and imap.el uses the internal
517 GnuTLS encryption functions if possible.
522 *** `json-pretty-print' and `json-pretty-print-buffer' now maintain
523 the ordering of object keys by default.
526 *** New commands `json-pretty-print-ordered' and
527 `json-pretty-print-buffer-ordered' pretty prints JSON objects with
528 object keys sorted alphabetically.
531 ** Prog mode has some support for multi-mode indentation.
532 This allows better indentation support in modes that support multiple
533 programming languages in the same buffer, like literate programming
534 environments or ANTLR programs with embedded Python code.
536 A major mode can provide indentation context for a sub-mode through
537 the `prog-indentation-context' variable. To support this, modes that
538 provide indentation should use `prog-widen' instead of `widen' and
539 `prog-first-column' instead of a literal zero. See the node
540 "Mode-Specific Indent" in the ELisp manual for more details.
542 ** Prettify Symbols mode
545 *** Prettify Symbols mode supports custom composition predicates. By
546 overriding the default `prettify-symbols-compose-predicate', modes can
547 specify in which contexts a symbol may be displayed as some Unicode
548 character. `prettify-symbols-default-compose-p' is the default which
549 is suitable for most programming languages such as C or Lisp (but not
553 *** Symbols can be unprettified while point is inside them.
554 New variable `prettify-symbols-unprettify-at-point' configures this.
556 ** Enhanced xterm support
559 *** The new variable `xterm-screen-extra-capabilities' for configuring xterm.
560 This variable tells Emacs which advanced capabilities are available in
561 the xterm terminal emulator used to display Emacs text-mode frames.
562 The default is to check each capability, and use it if available.
563 (This variable was introduced in Emacs 24.1, but was not announced in
567 *** Killing text now also sets the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection
568 in the surrounding GUI (using the OSC-52 escape sequence). This only works
569 if your xterm supports it and enables the `allowWindowOps' options (disabled
570 by default at least in Debian, for security reasons).
572 Similarly, you can yank the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection (using the OSC-52
573 escape sequence) if your xterm has the feature enabled but for that you
574 additionally need to add `getSelection' to `xterm-extra-capabilities'.
577 *** `xterm-mouse-mode' now supports mouse-tracking (if your xterm supports it).
580 ** The `save-place' variable is replaced by `save-place-mode'.
585 *** ERC can now hide message types by network or channel.
586 `erc-hide-list' will hide all messages of the specified type, while
587 `erc-network-hide-list' and `erc-channel-hide-list' will only hide the
588 specified message types for the respective specified targets.
590 *** New variable `erc-default-port-tls' used to connect to TLS IRC
594 *** Reconnection is now asynchronous.
597 *** Nick completion is now case-insensitive again after inadvertently
598 being made case-sensitive in Emacs 24.2.
603 *** New commands, key binds, and menu items.
605 **** `<' and `>' for navigating previous and next tracks in playlist
607 **** New play/pause command `mpc-toggle-play' bound to `s'
609 **** `g' bound to new command `mpc-seek-current' will navigate current
612 **** New commands `mpc-toggle-{consume,repeat,single,shuffle}' for
613 toggling playback modes.
616 *** Now supports connecting to a UNIX domain socket.
619 *** Looks at more image file names to use as album art.
620 Case-insensitively tries for .folder.png (freedesktop) and folder.jpg
621 (XP) in addition to cover.jpg.
624 *** Searches in more locations for MPD configuration files.
625 MPD supports the XDG base directory specification since version 0.17.6.
630 *** `midnight-mode' is now a proper minor mode.
633 *** clean-buffer-*-regexps can now specify buffers via predicate functions.
638 *** New "external" package status.
639 An external package is any installed package that's not built-in and
640 not from `package-user-dir', which usually means it's from an entry in
641 `package-directory-list'. They are treated much like built-in
642 packages, in that they cannot be deleted through the package menu and
643 are not considered for upgrades.
645 The effect is that a user can manually place a specific version of a
646 package inside `package-directory-list' and the package menu will
650 *** If a package is available on multiple archives and one has higher
651 priority (as per `package-archive-priorities') only that one is
652 listed. This can be configured with `package-menu-hide-low-priority'.
655 *** `package-menu-toggle-hiding' now toggles the hiding of packages.
656 This includes the above-mentioned low-priority packages, as well as
657 available packages whose version is lower than the currently installed
658 version (which were previously impossible to display).
659 This allows users to downgrade a package if a lower version is
663 *** When filtering the package menu, keywords starting with "arc:" or
664 "status:" represent package archive or status, respectively, instead
668 *** Most functions which involve downloading information now take an
669 ASYNC argument. If it is non-nil, package.el performs the download(s)
673 *** New variable `package-menu-async' controls whether the
674 package-menu uses asynchronous downloads.
677 *** `package-install-from-buffer' and `package-install-file' work on directories.
678 This follows the same rules as installing from a .tar file, except the
679 -pkg file is optional.
682 *** Packages which are dependencies of other packages cannot be deleted.
683 The FORCE argument to `package-delete' overrides this.
686 *** New custom variable `package-selected-packages' tracks packages
687 which were installed by the user (as opposed to installed as
688 dependencies). This variable can also be manually customized.
691 *** New command `package-install-selected-packages' installs all
692 packages from `package-selected-packages' which are currently missing.
695 *** New command `package-autoremove' removes all packages which were
696 installed strictly as dependencies but are no longer needed.
701 When you invoke `shell' interactively, the *shell* buffer will now
702 display in a new window. However, you can customize this behavior via
703 the `display-buffer-alist' variable. For example, to get
704 the old behavior -- *shell* buffer displays in current window -- use
705 (add-to-list 'display-buffer-alist
706 '("^\\*shell\\*$" . (display-buffer-same-window))).
710 *** The `:protection' slot option is not obeyed any more.
712 *** The `newname' argument to constructors is optional&deprecated.
713 If you need your objects to be named, do it by inheriting from `eieio-named'.
715 *** The <class>-list-p and <class>-child-p functions are declared obsolete.
717 *** The <class> variables are declared obsolete.
719 *** The <initarg> variables are declared obsolete.
721 *** defgeneric and defmethod are declared obsolete.
722 Use the equivalent facilities from cl-generic.el instead.
724 *** `constructor' is now an obsolete alias for `make-instance'.
725 --- `pcase' accepts a new UPattern `eieio'.
730 *** New command `ido-bury-buffer-at-head' bound to C-S-b
731 Bury the buffer at the head of `ido-matches', analogous to how C-k
732 kills the buffer at head.
735 *** A prefix argument to `ido-restrict-to-matches' will reverse its
736 meaning, and the list is restricted to those elements that do not
737 match the current input.
742 *** You can use <UP> and <DOWN> arrow keys to move through history by lines.
743 The new commands `next-line-or-history-element' and
744 `previous-line-or-history-element', bound to <UP> and <DOWN> in the
745 minibuffer, allow by-line movement through minibuffer history,
746 similarly to an ordinary buffer. Only when point moves over
747 the bottom/top of the minibuffer it goes to the next/previous history
748 element. `M-p' and `M-n' still move directly to previous/next history
751 ** Search and Replace
754 *** `isearch' and `query-replace' can now perform character folding in matches.
755 Isearch does that by default, while `query-replace' will do that if
756 the new variable `replace-character-fold' is customized to a non-nil
757 value. This is analogous to case folding, but instead of disregarding
758 case variants, it disregards wider classes of distinctions between
759 similar characters. (Case folding is a special case of character
760 folding.) This means many characters in the search string will match
761 entire groups of characters instead of just themselves.
763 For instance, the " will match all variants of double quotes (like “
764 and ”), and the letter a will match all of its accented cousins, even
765 those composed of multiple characters, as well as many other symbols
768 Character folding is enabled by customizing `search-default-mode' to
769 the value `character-fold-to-regexp'. If you want to turn character
770 folding off, customize the value of `search-default-mode' to the `nil'
771 value. You can also toggle character folding in the middle of a
772 search by typing `M-s ''.
775 *** New user option `search-default-mode'.
776 This option specifies the default mode for Isearch. The default
777 value, `character-fold-to-regexp' specifies that Isearch should fold
778 characters when searching.
781 *** New function `character-fold-to-regexp' can be used
782 by searching commands to produce a regexp matching anything that
783 character-folds into STRING.
786 *** The new M-s M-w key binding uses eww to search the web for the
787 text in the region. The search engine to use for this is specified by
788 the customizable variable `eww-search-prefix'.
791 *** Query-replace history is enhanced.
792 When query-replace reads the FROM string from the minibuffer, typing
793 `M-p' will now show previous replacements as "FROM SEP TO", where FROM
794 and TO are the original text and its replacement, and SEP is an arrow
795 string defined by the new variable `query-replace-from-to-separator'.
796 To select a prior replacement, type `M-p' until the desired
797 replacement appears in the minibuffer, and then exit the minibuffer by
802 *** If `quick-calc' is called with a prefix argument, insert the
803 result of the calculation into the current buffer.
806 ** In Edebug, you can now set the initial mode with C-x C-a C-m. With
807 this you can tell Edebug not to stop at the start of the first
808 instrumented function.
813 *** New minor mode `global-eldoc-mode'
814 It is turned on by default, and affects `*scratch*' and other buffers
815 whose major mode supports Emacs Lisp.
818 *** `eldoc-documentation-function' now defaults to `ignore'
821 *** `describe-char-eldoc' displays information about character at point,
822 and can be used as a default value of `eldoc-documentation-function'. It is
823 useful when, for example, one needs to distinguish various spaces (e.g. ] [,
824 ] [, ] [, etc.) while using mono-spaced font.
829 *** HTML can now be rendered using variable-width fonts.
832 *** A new command `F' (`eww-toggle-fonts') can be used to toggle
833 whether to use variable-pitch fonts or not. The user can also
834 customize the `shr-use-fonts' variable.
837 *** A new command `C' (`eww-toggle-colors') can be used to toggle
838 whether to use the HTML-specified colors or not. The user can also
839 customize the `shr-use-colors' variable.
842 *** A new command `R' (`eww-readable') will try do identify the main
843 textual parts of a web page and display only that, leaving menus and
844 the like off the page.
847 *** Images that are being loaded are now marked with grey
848 "placeholder" images of the size specified by the HTML. They are then
849 replaced by the real images asynchronously, which will also now
850 respect width/height HTML specs (unless they specify widths/heights
851 bigger than the current window).
854 *** You can now use several eww buffers in parallel by renaming eww
855 buffers you want to keep separate.
858 *** Partial state of the eww buffers (the URIs and the titles of the
859 pages visited) is now preserved in the desktop file.
862 *** `eww-after-render-hook' is now called after eww has rendered
863 the data in the buffer.
866 *** The `eww-reload' command now takes a prefix to not reload via
867 the net, but just use the local copy of the HTML.
870 *** The DOM shr and eww uses has been changed to the general Emacs
871 xml.el/libxml2 DOM, and a new package dom.el has been added to
872 interact with this DOM. See the Emacs Lisp manual for interface
876 *** `mailcap-mime-data' is now consulted when displaying PDF files.
879 *** The new `S' command will list all eww buffers, and allow managing
883 *** https pages with valid certificates have headers marked in green, while
884 invalid certificates are marked in red.
889 *** text/html messages that contain inline image parts will be
890 transformed into multipart/related messages before sending.
893 *** The `message-valid-fqdn-regexp' variable has been removed, since
894 there are now top-level domains added all the time. Message will no
895 longer warn about sending emails to top-level domains it hasn't heard
898 *** `message-beginning-of-line' (bound to C-a) understands folded headers.
899 In `visual-line-mode' it will look for the true beginning of a header
900 while in non-`visual-line-mode' it will move the point to the indented
904 ** In Show Paren Mode, a parenthesis can be highlighted when point
905 stands inside it, and certain parens can be highlighted when point is
906 at BOL or EOL, or in whitespace there. To enable these, customize,
907 respectively, `show-paren-when-point-inside-paren' or
908 `show-paren-when-point-in-periphery'.
911 ** If gpg2 exists on the system, it is now used as the default value
912 of `epg-gpg-program' (instead of gpg).
917 *** Images are automatically scaled before displaying based on the
918 `image-scaling-factor' variable (if Emacs supports scaling the images
922 *** Images inserted with `insert-image' and related functions get a
923 keymap put into the text properties (or overlays) that span the
924 image. This keymap binds keystrokes for manipulating size and
925 rotation, as well as saving the image to a file. These commands are
926 also available in `image-mode'.
929 *** A new library for creating and manipulating SVG images has been
930 added. See the "SVG Images" section in the lispref manual for
934 *** New setf-able function to access and set image parameters is
935 provided: `image-property'.
941 *** Strings after `:documentation' are highlighted as docstrings.
942 This enhances Lisp mode fontification to handle documentation of the
943 form `(:documentation "the doc string")' used in Common Lisp code for
944 CLOS class and slot documentation.
949 *** Rectangle Mark mode can have corners past EOL or in the middle of a TAB.
952 *** C-x C-x in rectangle-mark-mode now cycles through the four corners.
953 *** `string-rectangle' provides on-the-fly preview of the result.
956 ** New font-lock functions `font-lock-ensure' and `font-lock-flush'.
957 These should be used in preference to `font-lock-fontify-buffer' when
961 ** Macro `minibuffer-with-setup-hook' can optionally append a function
962 to `minibuffer-setup-hook'.
964 If the first argument of the macro is of the form `(:append FUN)',
965 then FUN will be appended to `minibuffer-setup-hook', instead of
970 *** New functions `cl-fresh-line', `cl-digit-char-p', and `cl-parse-integer'.
973 *** `pcase' accepts the new UPattern `cl-struct'.
975 ** Calendar and diary
978 *** The default `diary-file' is now located in .emacs.d.
981 *** New commands to insert diary entries with Chinese dates:
982 `diary-chinese-insert-anniversary-entry' `diary-chinese-insert-entry'
983 `diary-chinese-insert-monthly-entry', `diary-chinese-insert-yearly-entry'.
986 *** The calendar can now list and mark diary entries with Chinese dates.
987 See `diary-chinese-list-entries' and `diary-chinese-mark-entries'.
990 *** The option `calendar-mode-line-format' can now be nil,
991 which means to do nothing special with the mode line in calendars.
994 *** New option `calendar-weekend-days'.
995 The option customizes which day headers receive the
996 `calendar-weekend-header' face.
999 *** New optional args N and STRING for ‘holiday-greek-orthodox-easter’.
1002 *** Many items obsolete since at least version 23.1 have been removed.
1003 The majority were function/variable/face aliases, too numerous to list here.
1006 **** Functions `calendar-one-frame-setup', `calendar-only-one-frame-setup',
1007 `calendar-two-frame-setup', `european-calendar', `american-calendar'.
1009 **** Hooks `cal-menu-load-hook', `cal-x-load-hook'.
1011 **** Macro `calendar-for-loop'.
1013 **** Variables `european-calendar-style', `diary-face', `hebrew-holidays-{1,4}'.
1015 **** The nil and list forms of `diary-display-function'.
1018 ** New ERT function `ert-summarize-tests-batch-and-exit'.
1019 If the output of ERT tests in batch mode execution can be saved to a
1020 log file, then it can be passed as an argument to the above function
1021 to produce a neat summary.
1024 ** New js.el option `js-indent-first-init'.
1025 It was renamed from `js-indent-first-initialiser', to avoid issues
1026 with American vs British spelling.
1031 ** Info mode now displays symbol names in fixed-pitch font.
1032 If you want to get the old behavior back, customize the `Info-quoted'
1033 face to use the same definitions as the default face.
1036 *** `Info-fontify-maximum-menu-size' can be t for no limit.
1039 *** `info-display-manual' can now be given a prefix argument which (any
1040 non-nil value) directs the command to limit the completion
1041 alternatives to currently visited manuals.
1044 ** ntlm.el has support for NTLM2.
1049 *** The Rmail commands `d', `C-d' and `u' take optional repeat counts
1050 to delete or undelete multiple messages.
1053 *** Rmail can now render HTML mail messages if your Emacs was built with
1054 libxml2 or if you have the Lynx browser installed. By default, Rmail
1055 will display the HTML version of a mail message that has both HTML and
1056 plain text parts, if display of HTML email is possible; customize the
1057 `rmail-mime-prefer-html' option to `nil' if you don't want that.
1060 *** In the commands that make summaries by subject, recipients, or senders,
1061 you can no longer use commas to separate regular expressions.
1064 ** SES now supports local printer functions; see `ses-define-local-printer'.
1066 ** Shell-script Mode
1068 *** In sh-mode you can now use `sh-shell' as a file-local variable to
1069 specify the type of shell in use (bash, csh, etc).
1072 *** New value `always' for `sh-indent-after-continuation'.
1073 This provides old-style ("dumb") indentation of continued lines.
1074 See the doc string of `sh-indent-after-continuation' for details.
1078 *** Fatal TLS errors are now silent by default.
1081 *** If Emacs isn't built with TLS support, an external TLS-capable
1082 program is used instead. This program used to be run in --insecure
1083 mode by default, but has now changed to be secure instead, and will
1084 fail if you try to connect to non-verifiable hosts. This is
1085 controlled by the `tls-program' variable.
1090 *** The URL package accepts now the protocols "ssh", "scp" and "rsync".
1091 When `url-handler-mode' is enabled, file operations for these
1092 protocols as well as for "telnet" and "ftp" are passed to Tramp.
1095 *** The URL package allows customizing the `url-user-agent' string.
1096 The new `url-user-agent' variable can be customized to be a string or
1100 *** The new interface variable `url-request-noninteractive' can be used
1101 to specify that we're running in a noninteractive context, and that
1102 we should not be queried about things like TLS certificate validity.
1105 *** `url-mime-accept-string' can now be used as in "interface"
1106 variable, meaning you can bind it around an `url-retrieve' call.
1109 *** If URL is used with a https connection, the first callback argument
1110 plist will contain a :peer element that has the output of
1111 `gnutls-peer-status' (if Emacs is built with GnuTLS support).
1114 *** The new function `url-cookie-delete-cookie' can be used to
1115 programmatically delete all cookies, or cookies from a specific
1121 *** New connection method "afp", which allows you to access Mac OS X
1122 volumes via the Apple Filing Protocol.
1125 *** New connection method "nc", which allows you to access dumb
1129 *** Method-specific parameters can be overwritten now with variable
1130 `tramp-connection-properties'.
1133 *** Handler for `file-notify-valid-p' for remote machines that support
1134 filesystem notifications.
1139 *** New user variable `sql-default-directory' enables remote
1140 connections using Tramp.
1143 *** New command `sql-send-line-and-next'.
1144 This command, bound to `C-c C-n' by default, sends the current line to
1145 the SQL process and advances to the next line, skipping whitespace and
1149 *** Added support for Vertica SQL.
1151 ** VC and related modes
1154 *** Basic push support, via `vc-push', bound to `C-x v P'.
1155 Implemented for Bzr, Git, Hg. As part of this change, the pre-existing
1156 (undocumented) command vc-hg-push now behaves slightly differently.
1159 *** The new command vc-region-history shows the log+diff of the active region.
1162 *** You can refresh the VC state of a file buffer with `M-x vc-refresh-state'.
1163 This command is useful when you perform version control commands
1164 outside Emacs (e.g., from the shell prompt), or if you switch the VC
1165 back-end for the buffer's file, or remove it from version control.
1168 *** The VC state indicator in the mode line now defaults to more
1169 colorful faces to make it more obvious to the user what the state is.
1170 See the `vc-faces' customization group.
1173 *** New option `vc-annotate-background-mode' controls whether
1174 the color range from `vc-annotate-color-map' is applied to the
1175 background or to the foreground.
1178 *** `compare-windows' now compares text with the most recently selected window
1179 instead of the next window. If you want the previous behavior of
1180 comparing with the next window, customize the new option
1181 `compare-windows-get-window-function' to the value
1182 `compare-windows-get-next-window'.
1185 *** Two new faces `compare-windows-removed' and `compare-windows-added'
1186 replace the face `compare-windows', which is now an obsolete alias for
1187 `compare-windows-added'.
1190 *** The VC state indicator in the mode line now has different faces
1191 corresponding to each of the possible states. See the `vc-faces'
1192 customization group.
1195 *** `log-edit-insert-changelog' converts "(tiny change)" to
1196 "Copyright-paperwork-exempt: yes". Set `log-edit-rewrite-tiny-change'
1197 nil to disable this.
1200 ** VHDL mode now supports VHDL'08.
1205 *** Decimal display mode uses "," groups, so it's more
1206 fitting for use in money calculations
1209 *** Factorial works with non-integer inputs.
1214 *** Hide-IfDef mode now support full C/C++ expressions in macros,
1215 macro argument expansion, interactive macro evaluation and automatic
1216 scanning of #define'd symbols.
1219 *** New command `hif-evaluate-macro', bound to `C-c @ e', displays the
1220 result of evaluating a macro.
1223 *** New command `hif-clear-all-ifdef-define', bound to `C-c @ C', clears
1224 all defined symbols in `hide-ifdef-env'.
1227 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-header-regexp' to define C/C++ header
1228 file name patterns. Defaults to files whose extension is one of `.h',
1229 `.hh', `.hpp', `.hxx', or `.h++', matched case-insensitively.
1232 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-expand-reinclusion-protection' to prevent
1233 reinclusion protected (a.k.a. "idempotent") header files from being hidden.
1234 (This could happen when an idempotent header file is visited again,
1235 when its guard symbol is already defined.) Defaults to `t'.
1238 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-exclude-define-regexp' to define symbol
1239 name patterns (e.g. all "FOR_DOXYGEN_ONLY_*") to be ignored when
1240 looking for macro definitions. By default, no symbols are ignored.
1245 *** New custom variable `tex-print-file-extension' to help users who
1246 use PDF instead of DVI.
1249 *** TeX mode now supports Prettify Symbols mode. When enabling
1250 `prettify-symbols-mode' in a tex-mode buffer, \alpha ... \omega, and
1251 many other math macros are displayed using unicode characters.
1254 ** New `big-indent' style in `whitespace-mode' highlights deep indentation.
1255 By default, 32 consecutive spaces or four consecutive TABs are
1256 considered to be too deep, but the new variable
1257 `whitespace-big-indent-regexp' can be customized to change that.
1260 ** New options in `tildify-mode'.
1261 New options `tildify-space-string', `tildify-pattern', and
1262 `tildify-foreach-region-function' variables make
1263 `tildify-string-alist', `tildify-pattern-alist', and
1264 `tildify-ignored-environments-alist' variables (as well as a few
1265 helper functions) obsolete.
1268 ** New package Xref replaces Etags's front-end and UI
1270 The new package Xref provides a generic framework and new commands to
1271 find and move to definitions of functions, macros, data structures
1272 etc., as well as go back to the location where you were before moving
1273 to a definition. It supersedes and obsoletes many Etags commands,
1274 while still using the etags.el code that reads the TAGS tables as one
1277 The command `xref-find-definitions' replaces `find-tag' and provides
1278 an interface to pick one definition among several.
1279 `tags-loop-continue' is now unbound. `xref-pop-marker-stack' replaces
1280 `pop-tag-mark', but has a keybinding (`M-,') different from the one
1281 `pop-tag-mark' used.
1283 `xref-find-definitions-other-window' replaces `find-tag-other-window'.
1284 `xref-find-definitions-other-frame' replaces `find-tag-other-frame'.
1285 `xref-find-apropos' replaces `find-tag-regexp'.
1287 As a result of this, the following commands are now obsolete:
1288 `find-tag-other-window', `find-tag-other-frame', `find-tag-regexp',
1291 `tags-loop-continue' is not obsolete because it's still useful in
1292 `tags-search' and `tags-query-replace', for which there are no direct
1296 *** Variants of `tags-search' and `tags-query-replace' in Dired were also
1297 replaced by xref-style commands, see the "Dired" section below.
1302 `find-tag-marker-ring-length' is now an obsolete alias for
1303 `xref-marker-ring-length'. `find-tag-marker-ring' is now an obsolete
1304 alias for a private variable. `xref-push-marker-stack' and
1305 `xref-pop-marker-stack' should be used instead to manipulate the stack
1306 of searches for definitions.
1309 *** `xref-find-definitions' and `describe-function' now display
1310 information about mode local overrides (defined by cedet/mode-local.el
1311 `define-overloadable-function' `define-mode-local-overrides').
1313 The framework's Lisp API is still experimental and can change in major,
1314 backward-incompatible ways.
1317 ** New package Project
1319 The new package Project provides generic infrastructure for dealing
1320 with projects. The main commands included in it are
1321 `project-find-file' and `project-find-regexp'.
1323 The Lisp API of this package is still experimental.
1326 EUDC's LDAP backend has been improved.
1329 *** EUDC supports LDAP-over-SSL URLs (ldaps://).
1332 *** EUDC passes LDAP passwords through a pipe to the ldapsearch
1333 subprocess instead of on the command line.
1336 *** EUDC handles LDAP wildcards automatically so the user shouldn't
1337 need to configure this manually anymore.
1340 *** The LDAP configuration section of EUDC's manual has been
1343 There have also been customization changes.
1346 *** New custom variable `eudc-server-hotlist' to allow specifying
1347 multiple EUDC servers in init file.
1350 *** Custom variable `eudc-inline-query-format' defaults to completing
1351 on email and firstname instead of surname.
1354 *** Custom variable `eudc-expansion-overwrites-query' defaults to nil
1355 to avoid interfering with the kill ring.
1358 *** Custom variable `eudc-inline-expansion-format' defaults to
1359 "Firstname Surname <mail-address>".
1362 *** Custom variable `eudc-options-file' defaults to
1363 "~/.emacs.d/eudc-options".
1366 *** New custom variable `ldap-ldapsearch-password-prompt-regexp' to
1367 allow overriding the regular expression that recognizes the ldapsearch
1368 command line's password prompt.
1371 EUDC's BBDB backend now supports BBDB 3.
1374 EUDC's PH backend (eudcb-ph.el) is obsolete.
1379 *** The new built-in command `clear' can scroll window contents out of sight.
1380 If provided with an optional non-nil argument, the scrollback contents will be cleared.
1383 *** New buffer syntax '#<buffer-name>', which is equivalent to
1384 '#<buffer buffer-name>'. This shorthand makes interacting with
1385 buffers from eshell more convenient. Custom variable
1386 `eshell-buffer-shorthand', which has been broken for a while, has been
1390 *** By default, eshell "visual" program buffers (created by
1391 `eshell-visual-commands' and similar custom vars) are no longer killed
1392 when their processes die. This fixes issues with short-lived commands
1393 and makes visual programs more useful in general. For example, if
1394 "git log" is a visual command, it will always show the visual command
1395 buffer, even if the "git log" process dies. For the old behavior,
1396 make the new option `eshell-destroy-buffer-when-process-dies' non-nil.
1401 *** Support for the Google Chrome web browser.
1404 *** Support for the Conkeror web browser.
1407 *** Support for several ancient browsers is now officially obsolete.
1410 ** tar-mode: new `tar-new-entry' command, allowing for new members to
1411 be added to the archive.
1414 ** Autorevert: dired buffers are also auto-reverted via file
1415 notifications, if Emacs is compiled with file notification support.
1417 ** File Notifications
1420 *** The kqueue library is integrated for *BSD and Mac OS X machines.
1423 *** The new event `stopped' signals, that a file notification watch is
1424 not active any longer.
1427 *** The new function `file-notify-valid-p' checks, whether a file
1428 notification descriptor still corresponds to an activate watch.
1433 *** The command `dired-do-compress' bound to `Z' now can compress
1434 directories and decompress zip files.
1437 *** New command `dired-do-compress-to' bound to `c' can be used to
1438 compress many marked files into a single named archive. The
1439 compression command is determined from the new
1440 `dired-compress-files-alist' variable.
1443 *** In wdired, when editing files to contain slash characters,
1444 the resulting directories are automatically created. Whether
1445 to do this or not is controlled by the
1446 `wdired-create-parent-directories' variable.
1449 *** `W' is now bound to `browse-url-of-dired-file', and is useful for
1450 viewing HTML files and the like.
1452 *** New user interface for the `A' and `Q' commands.
1453 These keys, now bound to `dired-do-find-regexp' and
1454 `dired-do-find-regexp-and-replace', work similarly to `xref-find-apropos'
1455 and `xref-query-replace-in-results': they present the matches
1456 in the `*xref*' buffer and let you move through the matches. No need
1457 to use `tags-loop-continue' to resume the search or replace loop. The
1458 previous commands, `dired-do-search' and
1459 `dired-do-query-replace-regexp', are still available, but not bound to
1460 keys; rebind `A' and `Q' to invoke them if you want the old behavior
1461 back. We intend to obsolete the old commands in a future release.
1463 ** Tabulated List Mode
1466 *** It is now safe for a mode that derives `tabulated-list-mode' to not
1467 call `tabulated-list-init-header', in which case it will have no
1471 *** `tabulated-list-print' takes a second optional argument, update,
1472 which specifies an alternative printing method which is faster when
1473 few or no entries have changed.
1475 ** Obsolete packages
1481 *** landmark.el (moved to elpa.gnu.org)
1484 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
1487 ** pinentry.el allows GnuPG passphrase to be prompted through the
1488 minibuffer instead of a graphical dialog, depending on whether the gpg
1489 command is called from Emacs (i.e., INSIDE_EMACS environment variable
1490 is set). This feature requires newer versions of GnuPG (2.1.5 or
1491 later) and Pinentry (0.9.5 or later). To use this feature, add
1492 "allow-emacs-pinentry" to "~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf" and reload the
1493 configuration with "gpgconf --reload gpg-agent".
1496 ** cl-generic.el provides CLOS-style multiple-dispatch generic functions.
1497 The main entry points are `cl-defgeneric' and `cl-defmethod'. See the
1498 node "Generic Functions" in the Emacs Lisp manual for more details.
1501 ** scss-mode (a minor variant of css-mode) is a major mode for editing
1502 SCSS (Sassy CSS) files.
1505 ** let-alist is a new macro (and a package) that allows one to easily
1506 let-bind the values stored in an alist.
1509 ** `tildify-mode' allows automatic insertion of hard spaces as one
1510 types the text. Breaking line after a single-character words is
1511 forbidden by Czech and Polish typography (and may be discouraged in
1512 other languages), so `auto-tildify-mode' makes it easier to create
1513 a typographically-correct documents.
1516 ** The `seq' library adds sequence manipulation functions and macros
1517 that complement basic functions provided by subr.el. All functions
1518 are prefixed with `seq-' and work on lists, strings and vectors.
1519 `pcase' accepts a new Upattern `seq'.
1522 ** The `map' library provides map-manipulation functions that work on
1523 alists, hash-table and arrays. All functions are prefixed with
1524 `map-'. `pcase' accepts a new UPattern `map'.
1527 ** The `thunk' library provides functions and macros to control the
1528 evaluation of forms.
1531 ** js-jsx-mode (a minor variant of js-mode) provides indentation
1532 support for JSX, an XML-like syntax extension to ECMAScript.
1535 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
1538 ** `setq' and `setf' must now be called with an even number of
1539 arguments. The earlier behavior of silently supplying a nil to the
1540 last variable when there was an odd number of arguments has been
1544 ** `syntax-begin-function' is declared obsolete.
1545 Removed font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function and the SYNTAX-BEGIN
1546 slot in font-lock-defaults.
1549 ** `package-initialize' now sets `package-enable-at-startup' to nil if
1550 called during startup. Users who call this function in their init
1551 file and still expect it to be run after startup should set
1552 `package-enable-at-startup' to t after the call to
1553 `package-initialize'.
1556 ** `:global' minor mode use `setq-default' rather than `setq'.
1557 This means that you can't use `make-local-variable' and expect them to
1558 "magically" become buffer-local.
1561 ** `track-mouse' no longer freezes the shape of the mouse pointer.
1562 The `track-mouse' form no longer refrains from changing the shape of
1563 the mouse pointer for the entire time the body of that form is
1564 executed. Lisp programs that use `track-mouse' for dragging across
1565 large portions of the Emacs display, and want to avoid changes in the
1566 pointer shape during dragging, should bind the variable `track-mouse'
1567 to the special value `dragging' in the body of the form.
1570 ** The optional `predicate' argument of `lisp-complete-symbol' no longer
1571 has any effect. (This change was made in Emacs 24.4 but was not
1572 advertised at the time.)
1575 ** `indirect-function' does not signal `void-function' any more.
1576 This is mostly a bug-fix, since this change was missed back in 24.4 when
1577 symbol-function was changed not to signal `void-function' any more.
1580 *** As a consequence, the second arg of `indirect-function' is now obsolete.
1583 ** Comint, term, and compile do not set the EMACS env var any more.
1584 Use the INSIDE_EMACS environment variable instead.
1586 ** `C-up', `C-down', `C-left' and `C-right' are now defined in term
1587 mode to send the same escape sequences that xterm does. This makes
1588 things like forward-word in readline work.
1591 ** hideshow mode got four key bindings that are analogous to outline
1592 mode bindings: `C-c @ C-a', `C-c @ C-t', `C-c @ C-d', and `C-c @ C-e.'
1595 ** `save-excursion' does not save&restore the mark any more.
1596 Use `save-mark-and-excursion' if you want the old behavior.
1599 ** `read-buffer' and `read-buffer-function' can now be called with a 4th
1600 argument (`predicate').
1603 ** `completion-table-dynamic' by default stays in the minibuffer.
1604 The minibuffer will be the current buffer when the function is called.
1605 If you want the old behavior of calling the function in the buffer
1606 from which the minibuffer was entered, use the new argument
1607 `switch-buffer' to `completion-table-dynamic'.
1610 ** window-configurations no longer record the buffers' marks.
1613 ** inhibit-modification-hooks now also inhibits lock-file checks, as well as
1614 active region handling.
1617 ** deactivate-mark is now buffer-local.
1620 ** `cl-the' now asserts that its argument is of the given type.
1623 ** `process-running-child-p' may now return a numeric process
1624 group ID instead of `t'.
1627 ** Mouse click events on mode line or header line no longer include
1628 any reference to a buffer position. The 6th member of the mouse
1629 position list returned for such events is now nil.
1632 ** Menu items in keymaps do not support the "key shortcut cache" any more.
1633 These slots used to hold key-shortcut data, but have been obsolete since
1637 ** Emacs no longer downcases the first letter of a system diagnostic
1638 when signaling a file error. For example, it now reports "Permission
1639 denied" instead of "permission denied". The old behavior was problematic
1640 in languages like German where downcasing rules depend on grammar.
1643 ** New variable ‘text-quoting-style’ to control how Emacs translates quotes.
1644 Set it to ‘curve’ for curved single quotes ‘like this’, to ‘straight’
1645 for straight apostrophes 'like this', and to ‘grave’ for grave accent
1646 and apostrophe `like this'. The default value nil acts like ‘curve’
1647 if curved single quotes are displayable, and like ‘grave’ otherwise.
1648 The new variable affects display of diagnostics and help, but not of info.
1651 ** substitute-command-keys now replaces quotes.
1652 That is, it converts documentation strings’ quoting style as per the
1653 value of ‘text-quoting-style’. Doc strings in source code can use
1654 either curved single quotes or grave accents and apostrophes. As
1655 before, characters preceded by \= are output as-is.
1658 ** Message-issuing functions ‘error’, ‘message’, etc. now convert quotes.
1659 They use the new ‘format-message’ function instead of plain ‘format’,
1660 so that they now follow user preference as per ‘text-quoting-style’
1661 when processing curved single quotes, grave accents, and apostrophes
1662 in their format argument.
1665 ** The character classes [:alpha:] and [:alnum:] in regular expressions
1666 now match multibyte characters using Unicode character properties.
1667 If you want the old behavior where they matched any character with
1668 word syntax, use `\sw' instead.
1671 ** The character classes [:graph:] and [:print:] in regular expressions
1672 no longer match every multibyte character. Instead, Emacs now
1673 consults the Unicode character properties to determine which
1674 characters are graphic or printable. In particular, surrogates and
1675 unassigned codepoints are now rejected. If you want the old behavior,
1676 use [:multibyte:] instead.
1679 ** The `diff' command uses the unified format now. To restore the old
1680 behavior, set `diff-switches' to `-c'.
1683 ** `grep-template' and `grep-find-template' values don't include the
1684 --color argument anymore. It's added at the <C> place holder position
1685 dynamically. Any third-party code that changes these templates should
1686 be updated accordingly.
1688 ** The grep/rgrep/lgrep functions will now ask about saving files
1689 before running. This is controlled by the `grep-save-buffers'
1693 ** ‘(/ N)’ is now equivalent to ‘(/ 1 N)’ rather than to ‘(/ N 1)’.
1694 The new behavior is compatible with Common Lisp and with XEmacs.
1695 This change does not affect Lisp code intended to be portable to
1696 Emacs 24.2 and earlier, which did not support unary ‘/’.
1699 ** The `default-directory' value doesn't have to end slash. To make
1700 that happen, `unhandled-file-name-directory' now defaults to calling
1701 `file-name-as-directory'.
1704 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
1708 *** New UPatterns `quote', `app'.
1710 *** New UPatterns can be defined with `pcase-defmacro'.
1712 *** New vector QPattern.
1715 ** syntax-propertize is now automatically called on-demand during forward
1716 parsing functions like `forward-sexp'.
1719 ** New hooks `prefix-command-echo-keystrokes-functions' and
1720 `prefix-command-preserve-state-hook' allow the definition of prefix
1721 commands other than the predefined `C-u'.
1724 ** New functions `filepos-to-bufferpos' and `bufferpos-to-filepos'.
1725 These allow conversion between buffer positions and the corresponding
1726 file byte offsets, given the file's encoding.
1729 ** The default value of `load-read-function' is now `read'.
1730 Previously, the default value of `nil' implied using `read'.
1733 ** New hook `pre-redisplay-functions'.
1734 It is a bit easier to use than `pre-redisplay-function'.
1737 ** The second arg of `looking-back' should always be provided explicitly.
1738 Previously, it was an optional argument, now it's mandatory.
1741 ** Text properties `intangible', `point-entered', and `point-left' are obsolete.
1742 Replaced by properties `cursor-intangible' and `cursor-sensor-functions',
1743 implemented by the new `cursor-intangible-mode' and
1744 `cursor-sensor-mode' minor modes.
1747 ** `inhibit-point-motion-hooks' now defaults to `t' and is obsolete.
1748 Use the new minor modes `cursor-intangible-mode' and
1749 `cursor-sensor-mode' instead.
1752 ** New process type `pipe', which can be used in combination with the
1753 `:stderr' keyword of make-process to handle standard error output
1757 ** New function `make-process' provides an alternative interface to
1758 `start-process'. It allows programs to set process parameters such as
1759 process filter, sentinel, etc., through keyword arguments (similar to
1760 `make-network-process').
1763 ** A new function `directory-files-recursively' returns all matching
1764 files (recursively) under a directory.
1767 ** New variable `inhibit-message', when bound to non-nil, inhibits
1768 `message' and related functions from displaying messages in the echo
1769 area. The output is still logged to the *Messages* buffer.
1772 ** A new text property `inhibit-read-only' can be used in read-only
1773 buffers to allow certain parts of the text to be writable.
1776 ** A new variable `comment-end-can-be-escaped' is useful in languages
1777 such as C and C++ where line comments with escaped newlines are
1778 continued to the next line.
1781 ** New macro `define-advice'.
1784 ** Emacs Lisp now supports generators.
1785 See the "Generators" section of the ELisp manual for the details.
1788 ** New finalizer facility for running code when objects become unreachable.
1789 See the "Finalizer Type" subsection in the ELisp manual for the
1793 ** lexical closures can use (:documentation FORM) to build their docstring.
1794 It should be placed right where the docstring would be, and FORM is then
1795 evaluated (and should return a string) when the closure is built.
1798 ** The new command `fortune-message' has been added, which displays
1799 fortunes in the echo area.
1802 ** define-inline provides a new way to define inlinable functions.
1805 ** New function `macroexpand-1' to perform a single step of macro expansion.
1808 ** Some "x-*" functions were obsoleted and/or renamed:
1809 *** x-select-text is renamed gui-select-text.
1810 *** x-selection-value is renamed gui-selection-value.
1811 *** x-get-selection is renamed gui-get-selection.
1812 *** x-get-clipboard and x-clipboard-yank are marked obsolete.
1813 *** x-get-selection-value is renamed to gui-get-primary-selection.
1814 *** x-set-selection is renamed to gui-set-selection
1817 ** New function `string-greaterp', which return the opposite result of
1821 ** The new functions `string-collate-lessp' and `string-collate-equalp'
1822 preserve the collation order as defined by the system's locale(1)
1823 environment. For the time being this is implemented for modern POSIX
1824 systems and for MS-Windows, for other systems they fall back to their
1825 counterparts `string-lessp' and `string-equal'.
1828 ** The new function `string-version-lessp' compares strings by
1829 interpreting consecutive runs of numerical characters as numbers, and
1830 compares their numerical values. According to this predicate,
1831 "foo2.png" is smaller than "foo12.png".
1834 *** The ls-lisp package uses `string-collate-lessp' to sort file names.
1835 The effect is that, on systems that use ls-lisp for Dired, the default
1836 sort order of the files in Dired is now different from what it was in
1837 previous versions of Emacs. In particular, the file names are sorted
1838 disregarding punctuation, accents, and diacritics, and letter case is
1839 ignored. For example, files whose name begin with a period will no
1840 longer appear near the beginning of the directory listing. If you
1841 want the old, locale-independent sorting, customize the new option
1842 `ls-lisp-use-string-collate' to the nil value.
1845 *** The MS-Windows specific variable `w32-collate-ignore-punctuation',
1846 if set to a non-nil value, causes the above 2 functions to ignore
1847 symbol and punctuation characters when collating strings. This
1848 emulates the behavior of modern Posix platforms when the locale's
1849 codeset is "UTF-8" (as in "en_US.UTF-8"). This is needed because
1850 MS-Windows doesn't support UTF-8 as codeset in its locales.
1853 ** New function `alist-get', which is also a valid place (aka lvalue).
1856 ** New function `funcall-interactively', which works like `funcall'
1857 but makes `called-interactively-p' treat the function as (you guessed it)
1858 called interactively.
1861 ** New function `function-put' to use instead of `put' for function properties.
1864 ** The new function `bidi-find-overridden-directionality' allows you to
1865 find characters whose directionality was, perhaps maliciously,
1866 overridden by directional override control characters. Lisp programs
1867 can use this to detect potential phishing of URLs and other links that
1868 exploits bidirectional display reordering.
1871 ** The new function `buffer-substring-with-bidi-context' allows you to
1872 copy a portion of a buffer into a different location while preserving
1873 the visual appearance both of the copied text and the text at
1874 destination, even when the copied text includes mixed bidirectional
1875 text and directional control characters.
1878 ** New properties that can be specified with `declare':
1879 *** (interactive-only INSTEAD), says to use INSTEAD for non-interactive use.
1880 *** (pure VAL), if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function is pure.
1881 *** (side-effect-free VAL), if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function does not
1885 ** New macro `with-file-modes', for evaluating expressions with default file
1886 permissions set to temporary values (e.g., for creating private files).
1889 ** You can access the slots of structures using `cl-struct-slot-value'.
1892 ** Function `sort' can deal with vectors.
1895 ** Function `system-name' now returns an updated value if the current
1896 system's name has changed or if the Emacs process has changed systems,
1897 and to avoid long waits it no longer consults DNS to canonicalize the
1898 name. The variable `system-name' is now obsolete.
1901 ** Function `write-region' no longer outputs "Wrote FILE" in batch mode.
1904 ** If `pwd' is called with a prefix argument, insert the current default
1908 ** New functions return extended information about fonts and faces.
1911 *** The function `font-info' now returns more details about a font.
1912 In particular, it now returns the average width of the font's
1913 characters, which can be used for geometry-related calculations.
1916 *** A new function `default-font-width' returns the average width of a
1917 character in the current buffer's default font. If the default face
1918 is remapped (see `face-remapping-alist'), the value for the remapped
1919 face is returned. This function complements the existing function
1920 `default-font-height'.
1923 *** New functions `window-font-height' and `window-font-width' return
1924 the height and average width of characters in a specified face and
1925 window. If FACE is remapped (see `face-remapping-alist'), the
1926 function returns the information for the remapped face.
1929 *** A new function `window-max-chars-per-line' returns the maximal
1930 number of characters that can be displayed on one line. If a face
1931 and/or window are provided, these values are used for the
1932 calculation. This function is different from `window-body-width' in
1933 that it accounts for (i) continuation glyphs, (ii) the size of the
1934 font, and (iii) the specified window.
1937 ** New utilities in subr-x.el:
1938 *** New macros `if-let' and `when-let' allow defining bindings and to
1939 execute code depending whether all values are true.
1940 *** New macros `thread-first' and `thread-last' allow threading a form
1941 as the first or last argument of subsequent forms.
1944 ** Documentation strings now support quoting with curved single quotes
1945 ‘like-this’ in addition to the old style with grave accent and
1946 apostrophe `like-this'. The new style looks better on today's displays.
1947 In the new Electric Quote mode, you can enter curved single quotes
1948 into documentation by typing ` and '. Outside Electric Quote mode,
1949 you can enter them by typing ‘C-x 8 [’ and ‘C-x 8 ]’, or (if your Alt
1950 key works) by typing ‘A-[’ and ‘A-]’. As described above under
1951 ‘text-quoting-style’, the user can specify how to display doc string
1955 ** New function ‘format-message’ is like ‘format’ and also converts
1956 curved single quotes, grave accents and apostrophes as per
1957 ‘text-quoting-style’.
1960 ** show-help-function's arg is converted via substitute-command-keys
1961 before being passed to the function. Help strings, help-echo
1962 properties, etc. can therefore contain command key escapes and
1966 ** Time-related changes:
1968 *** Time conversion functions now accept an optional ZONE argument
1969 that specifies the time zone rules for conversion. ZONE is omitted or
1970 nil for Emacs local time, t for Universal Time, ‘wall’ for system wall
1971 clock time, or a string as in ‘set-time-zone-rule’ for a time zone
1972 rule. The affected functions are ‘current-time-string’,
1973 ‘current-time-zone’, ‘decode-time’, and ‘format-time-string’. The
1974 function ‘encode-time’, which already accepted a simple time zone rule
1975 argument, has been extended to accept all the new forms.
1977 *** Time-related functions now consistently accept numbers
1978 (representing seconds since the epoch) and nil (representing the
1979 current time) as well as the usual list-of-integer representation.
1980 Affected functions include `current-time-string', `current-time-zone',
1981 `decode-time', `float-time', `format-time-string', `seconds-to-time',
1982 `time-add', `time-less-p', `time-subtract', `time-to-day-in-year',
1983 `time-to-days', and `time-to-seconds'.
1985 *** The `encode-time-value' and `with-decoded-time-value' macros have
1988 *** `calendar-next-time-zone-transition', `time-add', and
1989 `time-subtract' no longer return time values in the obsolete and
1990 undocumented integer-pair format. Instead, they return a list of two
1994 ** New function `set-binary-mode' allows switching a standard stream
1995 of the Emacs process to binary I/O mode.
1998 ** The new function `directory-name-p' can be used to check whether a file
1999 name (as returned from, for instance, `file-name-all-completions') is
2000 a directory file name. It returns non-nil if the last character in
2001 the name is a directory separator character (forward slash on GNU and
2002 Unix systems, forward- or backslash on MS-Windows and MS-DOS).
2005 ** ASCII approximations to curved quotes are put in standard-display-table
2006 if the terminal cannot display curved quotes.
2009 ** Standard output and error streams now transliterate characters via
2010 standard-display-table, and encode output using locale-coding-system.
2011 To force a specific encoding, bind `coding-system-for-write' to the
2012 coding-system of your choice when invoking functions like `prin1' and
2016 ** New var `truncate-string-ellipsis' to choose how to indicate truncation.
2019 ** New possible value for `system-type': `nacl'.
2020 This is used by Google's Native Client (NaCl).
2023 ** `read-color' will now display the color names using the color itself
2024 as the background color.
2027 ** There is now a new variable `flyspell-sort-corrections-function'
2028 that allows changing the way corrections are sorted.
2030 ** Miscellaneous name change
2033 For consistency with the usual Emacs spelling, the Lisp variable
2034 `hfy-optimisations' has been renamed to `hfy-optimizations'.
2035 The old name should still work, as an obsolescent alias.
2037 ** Changes in Frame- and Window- Handling
2040 *** Emacs can now draw horizontal scroll bars on some platforms that
2041 provide toolkit scroll bars, namely Gtk+, Lucid, Motif and Windows.
2042 Horizontal scroll bars are turned off by default.
2044 **** New function `horizontal-scroll-bars-available-p' telling whether
2045 horizontal scroll bars are available on the underlying system.
2047 **** New mode `horizontal-scroll-bar-mode' to toggle horizontal scroll
2048 bars on all existing and future frames.
2050 **** New function `toggle-horizontal-scroll-bar' to toggle horizontal
2051 scroll bars on the selected frame.
2053 **** New frame parameters `horizontal-scroll-bars' and
2054 `scroll-bar-height' to set horizontal scroll bars and their height
2055 for individual frames and in `default-frame-alist'.
2057 **** New functions `frame-scroll-bar-height' and
2058 `window-scroll-bar-height' return the height of horizontal scroll
2059 bars on a specific frame or window.
2061 **** `set-window-scroll-bars' now accepts five parameters where the last
2062 two specify height and type of the window's horizontal scroll bar.
2064 **** `window-scroll-bars' now returns type and sizes of horizontal scroll
2067 **** New buffer-local variables `horizontal-scroll-bar' and
2068 `scroll-bar-height'.
2071 *** New functions `frame-geometry' and `frame-edges' give access to a
2075 *** New functions `mouse-absolute-pixel-position' and
2076 `set-mouse-absolute-pixel-position' get/set screen coordinates of the
2080 *** The function `window-edges' now accepts three additional arguments to
2081 retrieve body, absolute and pixel edges of the window.
2084 *** The functions `window-inside-edges', `window-inside-pixel-edges' and
2085 `window-inside-absolute-pixel-edges' have been renamed to respectively
2086 `window-body-edges', `window-body-pixel-edges' and
2087 `window-absolute-body-pixel-edges'. The old names are kept as aliases.
2090 *** New function `window-absolute-pixel-position' to get the screen
2091 coordinates of a visible buffer position.
2094 *** The height of a frame's menu and tool bar are no longer counted in the
2095 frame's text height. This means that the text height stands only for
2096 the height of the frame's root window plus that of the echo area (if
2097 present). This was already the behavior for frames with external tool
2098 and menu bars (like in the Gtk builds) but has now been extended to all
2102 *** Frames now do not necessarily preserve the number of columns or lines
2103 they display when setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or
2104 scroll bars. In particular, maximized and fullscreen frames are
2105 conceptually never resized if such settings change. For fullheight and
2106 fullwidth frames, the behavior may depend on the toolkit used.
2107 **** New option `frame-inhibit-implied-resize' if non-nil, means that
2108 setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or scroll bars of a
2109 specific frame does not resize that frame in order to preserve the
2110 number of columns or lines it displays.
2113 *** New function `window-preserve-size' allows you to preserve the size of
2114 a window without "fixing" it. It's supported by `fit-window-to-buffer',
2115 `temp-buffer-resize-mode' and `display-buffer'.
2118 *** New `display-buffer' action function `display-buffer-use-some-frame'.
2119 This displays the buffer in an existing frame other than the current
2120 frame, and allows the caller to specify a frame predicate to exclude
2124 *** New minor mode `window-divider-mode' and options
2125 `window-divider-default-places', `window-divider-default-bottom-width'
2126 and `window-divider-default-right-width'.
2129 ** Tearoff menus and detachable toolbars for Gtk+ have been removed.
2130 Those features have been deprecated in Gtk+ for a long time.
2135 *** etags no longer qualifies class members by default.
2137 By default, `etags' will not qualify class members for C-like
2138 object-oriented languages with their class names and namespaces, and
2139 will remove qualifications used explicitly in the code from the tag
2140 names it puts in TAGS files. This is so the etags.el back-end for
2141 `xref-find-definitions' is more accurate and produces less false
2144 Use --class-qualify (-Q) if you want the old default behavior of
2145 qualifying class members in C++, Java, and Objective C. Note that
2146 using -Q might make some class members become "unknown" to `M-.'
2147 (`xref-find-definitions'); if so, you can use `C-u M-.' to specify the
2148 qualified names by hand.
2151 *** New language Ruby
2153 Names of modules, classes, methods, functions, and constants are
2154 tagged. Overloaded operators are also tagged.
2158 Names of packages, functions, and types are tagged.
2161 *** Improved support for Lua
2163 Etags now tags functions even if the "function" keyword follows some
2164 whitespace at line beginning.
2167 * Changes in Emacs 25.1 on Non-Free Operating Systems
2170 ** MS-Windows specific Emacs build scripts are no longer in the distribution
2171 This includes the makefile.w32-in files in various subdirectories, and
2172 the support files. The file nt/configure.bat now just tells the user
2173 to use the procedure described in nt/INSTALL, by running the Posix
2174 `configure' script in the top-level directory.
2177 ** Building Emacs for MS-Windows requires at least Windows XP
2178 or Windows Server 2003. The built binaries still run on all versions
2179 of Windows starting with Windows 9X.
2182 ** Emacs running on MS-Windows now supports the daemon mode.
2185 ** The byte counts in etags-generated TAGS files are now the same on
2186 MS-Windows as they are on other platforms.
2189 ** On OS X, configure creates a Cocoa ("Nextstep") build by default.
2190 Pass '--without-ns' to configure to create an X11 build, the old default.
2193 ** OS X 10.5 or older is no longer supported.
2196 ** OS X on PowerPC is no longer supported.
2199 ** New variable `ns-use-fullscreen-animation' controls animation for
2200 non-native NS fullscreen. The default is nil. Set to t to enable
2201 animation when entering and leaving fullscreen. For native OSX fullscreen
2205 ** The new function 'w32-application-type' returns the type of an
2206 MS-Windows application given the name of its executable program file.
2208 ** New variable `w32-pipe-buffer-size'.
2209 It can be used to tune the size of the buffer of pipes created for
2210 communicating with subprocesses, when the program run by a subprocess
2211 exhibits unusual buffering behavior. Default is zero, which lets the
2212 OS use its default size.
2215 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
2216 This file is part of GNU Emacs.
2218 GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
2219 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
2220 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
2221 (at your option) any later version.
2223 GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
2224 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
2225 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
2226 GNU General Public License for more details.
2228 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
2229 along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
2235 paragraph-separate: "[
\f]*$"