1 GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes.
3 Copyright (C) 2014-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 See the end of the file for license conditions.
6 Please send Emacs bug reports to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.
7 If possible, use M-x report-emacs-bug.
9 This file is about changes in Emacs version 25.
11 See file HISTORY for a list of GNU Emacs versions and release dates.
12 See files NEWS.24, NEWS.23, NEWS.22, NEWS.21, NEWS.20, NEWS.19, NEWS.18,
13 and NEWS.1-17 for changes in older Emacs versions.
15 You can narrow news to a specific version by calling `view-emacs-news'
16 with a prefix argument or by typing C-u C-h C-n.
19 +++ indicates that all necessary documentation updates are complete.
20 (This means all relevant manuals in doc/ AND lisp doc-strings.)
21 --- means no change in the manuals is needed.
22 When you add a new item, use the appropriate mark if you are sure it applies,
23 otherwise leave it unmarked.
26 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.2
29 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.2
32 * Changes in Emacs 25.2
34 ** It is possible to disable attempted recovery on fatal signals
36 Two new variables allow to disable attempts to recover from stack
37 overflow and to avoid automatic auto-save when Emacs is delivered a
38 fatal signal. `attempt-stack-overflow-recovery', if set to `nil',
39 will disable attempts to recover from C stack overflows; Emacs will
40 then crash as with any other fatal signal.
41 `attempt-orderly-shutdown-on-fatal-signal', if set to `nil', will
42 disable attempts to auto-save the session and shut down in an orderly
43 fashion when Emacs receives a fatal signal; instead, Emacs will
44 terminate immediately. Both variables are non-`nil' by default.
45 These variables are for users who would like to avoid the small
46 probability of data corruption due to techniques Emacs uses to recover
50 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.2
53 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
56 ** Support for non-string values of `time-stamp-format' has been removed.
60 *** New connection method "sg", which allows to edit files under
64 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
67 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
70 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
72 ** New var syntax-ppss-table to control the syntax-table used in syntax-ppss
74 ** Autoload files can be generated without timestamps,
75 by setting `autoload-timestamps' to nil.
78 * Changes in Emacs 25.2 on Non-Free Operating Systems
81 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.1
84 ** Building Emacs now requires C99 or later.
87 ** Building Emacs now requires GNU make, version 3.81 or later.
90 ** New configure option --with-cairo.
91 This builds Emacs with Cairo drawing. As a side effect, it provides
92 support for built-in printing, when Emacs was built with GTK+.
93 Cairo drawing is an experimental feature in Emacs, and subject to
94 change in future releases.
97 ** New configure option --with-modules.
98 This enables support for loading dynamic modules; see below.
101 ** By default, Emacs no longer works on IRIX. We expect that Emacs
102 users are not affected by this, as SGI stopped supporting IRIX in
103 December 2013. If you are affected, please send a bug report. You
104 should be able to work around the problem either by porting the Emacs
105 undumping code to GCC under IRIX, or by configuring --with-wide-int,
106 or by sticking with Emacs 24.4.
109 ** The Emacs garbage collector assumes GC_MARK_STACK == GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS.
110 The GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS stack-marking variant has been the default
111 since Emacs 24.4, and the other variants were undocumented and were
112 obstacles to maintenance and development. GC_MARK_STACK and its
113 related symbols have been removed from the C internals.
116 ** 'configure' now prefers gnustep-config when configuring GNUstep.
117 If gnustep-config is not available, the old heuristics are used.
120 ** 'configure' now prefers inotify to gfile for file notification,
121 unless gfile is explicitly requested via --with-file-notification='gfile'.
124 ** 'configure' detects the kqueue file notification library on *BSD
125 and Mac OS X machines.
128 ** The configure option '--with-pkg-config-prog' has been removed.
129 Use './configure PKG_CONFIG=/full/name/of/pkg-config' if you need to.
132 ** The configure option '--with-mmdf' has been removed.
133 It was no longer useful, as it relied on libraries that are no longer
134 supported, and its presence led to confusion during configuration.
135 This affects only the 'movemail' utility; Emacs itself can still
136 process MMDF-format files as before.
139 ** The configure option '--enable-silent-rules' is now the default,
140 and silent rules are now quieter. To get the old behavior where
141 'make' chatters a lot, configure with '--disable-silent-rules' or
142 build with 'make V=1'.
145 ** The configure option '--with-gameuser' now allows you to specify a
146 group instead of a user if its argument is prefixed by ':' (a colon).
147 This will cause the game score files in ${localstatedir}/games/emacs
148 to be owned by that group, and the helper program for updating them to
149 be installed setgid. The option now defaults to the 'games' group.
152 ** The `grep-changelog' script (and its manual page) are no longer included.
153 It has no particular connection to Emacs and has not changed in years,
154 so if you want to use it, you can always take a copy from an older Emacs.
157 ** Emacs 25 comes with a new set of icons.
158 Various resolutions are available as etc/images/icons/hicolor/*/apps/emacs.png.
159 The old Emacs logo icons are available as `emacs23.png' in the same location.
162 ** New make target `check-expensive' to run additional tests.
163 This includes all tests which run via "make check", plus additional
164 tests which take more time to perform.
167 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.1
170 ** When Emacs is given a file as a command line argument and
171 `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, display both the file and
172 `initial-buffer-choice'. When Emacs is given more than one file and
173 `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, show `initial-buffer-choice'
174 and *Buffer List*. This makes Emacs convenient to use from the
175 command line when `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil.
178 ** The value of ‘initial-scratch-message’ is now treated as a doc string
179 and can contain escape sequences for command keys, quotes, and the like.
182 * Changes in Emacs 25.1
184 ** Xwidgets: a new feature for embedding native widgets inside Emacs buffers.
185 If you have gtk3 and webkitgtk3 installed, you can access the
186 embedded webkit browser with `M-x xwidget-webkit-browse-url'. This
187 opens a new buffer with the embedded browser. The buffer will
188 have a new mode, `xwidget-webkit-mode' (similar to `image-mode'),
189 which supports the webkit widget.
191 *** New functions for xwidget-webkit mode `xwidget-webkit-insert-string',
192 `xwidget-webkit-adjust-size-dispatch', `xwidget-webkit-back',
193 `xwidget-webkit-browse-url', `xwidget-webkit-reload',
194 `xwidget-webkit-current-url', `xwidget-webkit-scroll-backward',
195 `xwidget-webkit-scroll-forward', `xwidget-webkit-scroll-down',
196 `xwidget-webkit-scroll-up'.
199 ** Emacs can now load shared/dynamic libraries (modules).
200 A dynamic Emacs module is a shared library that provides additional
201 functionality for use in Emacs Lisp programs, just like a package
202 written in Emacs Lisp would. The functions `load', `require',
203 `load-file', etc. were extended to load such modules, as they do with
204 Emacs Lisp packages. The new variable `module-file-suffix' holds the
205 system-dependent value of the file-name extension (`.so' on Posix
206 hosts) of the module files.
208 A module should export a C-callable function named
209 `emacs_module_init', which Emacs will call as part of the call to
210 `load' or `require' which loads the module. It should also export a
211 symbol named `plugin_is_GPL_compatible' to indicate that its code is
212 released under the GPL or compatible license; Emacs will refuse to
213 load modules that don't export such a symbol.
215 If a module needs to call Emacs functions, it should do so through the
216 API defined and documented in the header file `emacs-module.h'. Note
217 that any module that provides Lisp-callable functions will have to use
218 Emacs functions such as `fset' and `funcall', in order to register its
219 functions with the Emacs Lisp interpreter.
221 Modules can create `user-ptr' Lisp objects that embed pointers to C
222 struct's defined by the module. This is useful for keeping around
223 complex data structures created by a module, to be passed back to the
224 module's functions. User-ptr objects can also have associated
225 "finalizers" -- functions to be run when the object is GC'ed; this is
226 useful for freeing any resources allocated for the underlying data
227 structure, such as memory, open file descriptors, etc. A new
228 predicate `user-ptrp' returns non-nil if its argument is a `user-ptr'
231 Loadable modules in Emacs are an experimental feature, and subject to
232 change in future releases. For that reason, their support is disabled
233 by default, and must be enabled by using the `--with-modules' option
237 ** A second dir-local file (.dir-locals-2.el) is now accepted.
238 See the variable `dir-locals-file-2' for more information.
241 ** Network security (TLS/SSL certificate validity and the like) is
242 added via the new Network Security Manager (NSM) and controlled via
243 the `network-security-level' variable.
246 ** International domain names (IDNA) are now encoded via the new
247 puny.el library, so that one can visit web sites like
248 "http://méxico.icom.museum".
251 ** C-h l now also lists the commands that were run.
253 ** The new M-s M-w key binding uses eww to search the web for the
256 ** M-x suggests shorthands and ignores obsolete commands for completion.
257 ** x-select-enable-clipboard is renamed select-enable-clipboard.
258 x-select-enable-primary and renamed select-enable-primary.
259 Additionally they both now apply to all systems (OSX, GNUstep, Windows, you
260 name it), with the proviso that on some systems (e.g. Windows)
261 select-enable-primary is ineffective since the system doesn't
262 have the equivalent of a primary selection.
265 ** New option `switch-to-buffer-in-dedicated-window' allows you to
266 customize how `switch-to-buffer' proceeds interactively when the
267 selected window is strongly dedicated to its buffer.
270 ** The option `even-window-heights' has been renamed to
271 `even-window-sizes' and now handles window widths as well.
274 ** terpri gets an optional arg ENSURE to conditionally output a newline.
277 ** `insert-register' now leaves point after the inserted text
278 when called interactively. A prefix argument toggles this behavior.
281 ** The new variable `term-file-aliases' replaces some files from lisp/term.
282 The function `tty-run-terminal-initialization' consults this variable
283 when deciding what terminal-specific initialization code to run.
286 ** New variable `system-configuration-features', listing some of the
287 main features that Emacs was compiled with. This is mainly intended
288 for use in Emacs bug reports.
291 ** A password is now hidden also when typed in batch mode. Another
292 hiding character but the default `.' can be used by let-binding the
293 variable `read-hide-char'.
296 ** New input methods: `tamil-dvorak' and `programmer-dvorak'.
299 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.1
302 ** M-x suggests shorthands and ignores obsolete commands for completion.
307 *** Successive single-char deletions are collapsed in the undo-log just like
308 successive char insertions. Which commands invoke this behavior is
309 controlled by the new `undo-auto-amalgamate' function. See the node
310 "Undo" in the ELisp manual for more details.
313 *** The heuristic used to insert `undo-boundary' after each command
314 has changed, so that if a command causes changes in more than just the
315 current buffer, Emacs now calls `undo-boundary' in every buffer
316 affected by the command.
319 ** New command `comment-line' bound to `C-x C-;'.
321 ** New and improved facilities for inserting Unicode characters
324 *** Unicode names entered via C-x 8 RET now use substring completion by default.
327 *** C-x 8 now has shorthands for these chars: ‐ ‑ ‒ – — ― ‘ ’ “ ” † ‡ • ′ ″
328 € № ← → ↔ − ≈ ≠ ≤ ≥. As before, you can type C-x 8 C-h to list shorthands.
331 *** New minor mode electric-quote-mode for quoting ‘like this’ and “like this”
332 as you type. See also the new variable ‘text-quoting-style’.
335 ** New minor mode global-eldoc-mode is enabled by default.
338 ** Emacs now supports "bracketed paste mode" when running on a terminal
339 that supports it. This facility allows Emacs to understand pasted
340 chunks of text as strings to be inserted, instead of interpreting each
341 character in the pasted text as actual user input. This results in a
342 paste experience similar to that under a window system, and significant
343 performance improvements when pasting large amounts of text.
346 ** Emacs now supports the latest version of the UBA.
347 The Emacs implementation of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm (UBA)
348 was updated to support all the latest additions and changes introduced
349 in Unicode Standard versions 6.3, 7.0, and the latest Unicode 8.0.
350 This includes full support for directional isolates and the
351 Bidirectional Parentheses Algorithm (BPA) specified by these Unicode
355 ** You can access `mouse-buffer-menu' (C-down-mouse-1) using C-f10.
358 ** New buffer-local `electric-pair-local-mode'.
361 ** New variable `fast-but-imprecise-scrolling' inhibits
362 fontification during full screen scrolling operations, giving less
363 hesitant operation during auto-repeat of C-v, M-v at the cost of
364 possible inaccuracies in the end position.
367 ** New documentation command `describe-symbol'.
368 Works for functions, variables, faces, etc. It is bound to `C-h o' by
372 ** New function `custom-prompt-customize-unsaved-options' checks for
373 unsaved customizations and prompts user to customize (if found). It
374 is intended for adding to 'kill-emacs-query-functions'.
377 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
382 *** New command `checkdoc-package-keywords' checks if the
383 current package keywords are recognized. Set the new option
384 `checkdoc-package-keywords-flag' to non-nil to make
385 `checkdoc-current-buffer' call this function automatically.
388 *** New function `checkdoc-file' checks for style errors.
389 It's meant for use together with `compile':
390 emacs -batch --eval "(checkdoc-file \"subr.el\")"
395 *** The desktop format version has been upgraded from 206 to 208.
396 Although Emacs 25.1 can read a version 206 desktop, earlier Emacsen
397 cannot read a version 208 desktop. To upgrade your desktop file, you
398 must explicitly request the upgrade, by C-u M-x desktop-save. You are
399 recommended to do this as soon as you have firmly upgraded to Emacs
400 25.1 (or later). Should you ever need to downgrade your desktop file
401 to version 206, you can do this with C-u C-u M-x desktop-save.
404 ** New function `bookmark-set-no-overwrite' bound to C-x r M.
405 It raises an error if a bookmark of that name already exists,
406 unlike `bookmark-set' which silently updates an existing bookmark.
411 *** `imap-ssl-program' has been removed, and imap.el uses the internal
412 GnuTLS encryption functions if possible.
417 *** `json-pretty-print' and `json-pretty-print-buffer' now maintain
418 the ordering of object keys by default.
421 *** New commands `json-pretty-print-ordered' and
422 `json-pretty-print-buffer-ordered' pretty prints JSON objects with
423 object keys sorted alphabetically.
426 ** Prog mode has some support for multi-mode indentation.
427 This allows better indentation support in modes that support multiple
428 programming languages in the same buffer, like literate programming
429 environments or ANTLR programs with embedded Python code.
431 A major mode can provide indentation context for a sub-mode through
432 the `prog-indentation-context' variable. To support this, modes that
433 provide indentation should use `prog-widen' instead of `widen' and
434 `prog-first-column' instead of a literal zero. See the node
435 "Mode-Specific Indent" in the ELisp manual for more details.
437 ** Prettify Symbols mode
440 *** Prettify Symbols mode supports custom composition predicates. By
441 overriding the default `prettify-symbols-compose-predicate', modes can
442 specify in which contexts a symbol may be displayed as some Unicode
443 character. `prettify-symbols-default-compose-p' is the default which
444 is suitable for most programming languages such as C or Lisp (but not
448 *** Symbols can be unprettified while point is inside them.
449 New variable `prettify-symbols-unprettify-at-point' configures this.
451 ** Enhanced xterm support
454 *** The new variable `xterm-screen-extra-capabilities' for configuring xterm.
455 This variable tells Emacs which advanced capabilities are available in
456 the xterm terminal emulator used to display Emacs text-mode frames.
457 The default is to check each capability, and use it if available.
458 (This variable was introduced in Emacs 24.1, but was not announced in
462 *** Killing text now also sets the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection
463 in the surrounding GUI (using the OSC-52 escape sequence). This only works
464 if your xterm supports it and enables the `allowWindowOps' options (disabled
465 by default at least in Debian, for security reasons).
467 Similarly, you can yank the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection (using the OSC-52
468 escape sequence) if your xterm has the feature enabled but for that you
469 additionally need to add `getSelection' to `xterm-extra-capabilities'.
472 *** `xterm-mouse-mode' now supports mouse-tracking (if your xterm supports it).
475 ** The `save-place' variable is replaced by `save-place-mode'.
480 *** ERC can now hide message types by network or channel.
481 `erc-hide-list' will hide all messages of the specified type, while
482 `erc-network-hide-list' and `erc-channel-hide-list' will only hide the
483 specified message types for the respective specified targets.
485 *** New variable `erc-default-port-tls' used to connect to TLS IRC
489 *** Reconnection is now asynchronous.
494 *** `midnight-mode' is now a proper minor mode.
497 *** clean-buffer-*-regexps can now specify buffers via predicate functions.
502 *** New "external" package status.
503 An external package is any installed package that's not built-in and
504 not from `package-user-dir', which usually means it's from an entry in
505 `package-directory-list'. They are treated much like built-in
506 packages, in that they cannot be deleted through the package menu and
507 are not considered for upgrades.
509 The effect is that a user can manually place a specific version of a
510 package inside `package-directory-list' and the package menu will
514 *** If a package is available on multiple archives and one has higher
515 priority (as per `package-archive-priorities') only that one is
516 listed. This can be configured with `package-menu-hide-low-priority'.
519 *** `package-menu-toggle-hiding' now toggles the hiding of packages.
520 This includes the above-mentioned low-priority packages, as well as
521 available packages whose version is lower than the currently installed
522 version (which were previously impossible to display).
523 This allows users to downgrade a package if a lower version is
527 *** When filtering the package menu, keywords starting with "arc:" or
528 "status:" represent package archive or status, respectively, instead
532 *** Most functions which involve downloading information now take an
533 ASYNC argument. If it is non-nil, package.el performs the download(s)
537 *** New variable `package-menu-async' controls whether the
538 package-menu uses asynchronous downloads.
541 *** `package-install-from-buffer' and `package-install-file' work on directories.
542 This follows the same rules as installing from a .tar file, except the
543 -pkg file is optional.
546 *** Packages which are dependencies of other packages cannot be deleted.
547 The FORCE argument to `package-delete' overrides this.
550 *** New custom variable `package-selected-packages' tracks packages
551 which were installed by the user (as opposed to installed as
552 dependencies). This variable can also be manually customized.
555 *** New command `package-install-user-selected-packages' installs all
556 packages from `package-selected-packages' which are currently missing.
559 *** New command `package-autoremove' removes all packages which were
560 installed strictly as dependencies but are no longer needed.
565 When you invoke `shell' interactively, the *shell* buffer will now
566 display in a new window. However, you can customize this behavior via
567 the `display-buffer-alist' variable. For example, to get
568 the old behavior -- *shell* buffer displays in current window -- use
569 (add-to-list 'display-buffer-alist
570 '("^\\*shell\\*$" . (display-buffer-same-window))).
574 *** The `:protection' slot option is not obeyed any more.
576 *** The `newname' argument to constructors is optional&deprecated.
577 If you need your objects to be named, do it by inheriting from `eieio-named'.
579 *** The <class>-list-p and <class>-child-p functions are declared obsolete.
581 *** The <class> variables are declared obsolete.
583 *** The <initarg> variables are declared obsolete.
585 *** defgeneric and defmethod are declared obsolete.
586 Use the equivalent facilities from cl-generic.el instead.
588 *** `constructor' is now an obsolete alias for `make-instance'.
589 --- `pcase' accepts a new UPattern `eieio'.
594 *** New command `ido-bury-buffer-at-head' bound to C-S-b
595 Bury the buffer at the head of `ido-matches', analogous to how C-k
596 kills the buffer at head.
599 *** A prefix argument to `ido-restrict-to-matches' will reverse its
600 meaning, and the list is restricted to those elements that do not
601 match the current input.
606 *** You can use <UP> and <DOWN> arrow keys to move through history by lines.
607 The new commands `next-line-or-history-element' and
608 `previous-line-or-history-element', bound to <UP> and <DOWN> in the
609 minibuffer, allow by-line movement through minibuffer history,
610 similarly to an ordinary buffer. Only when point moves over
611 the bottom/top of the minibuffer it goes to the next/previous history
612 element. `M-p' and `M-n' still move directly to previous/next history
615 ** Search and Replace
618 *** New user option `search-default-regexp-mode'
619 specifies the default mode for I-search.
622 *** `isearch' and `query-replace' can now perform character folding in matches.
623 Isearch does that by default, while `query-replace' will do that if
624 the new variable `replace-character-fold' is customized to a non-nil
625 value. This is analogous to case folding, but instead of disregarding
626 case variants, it disregards wider classes of distinctions between
627 similar characters. (Case folding is a special case of character
628 folding.) This means many characters in the search string will match
629 entire groups of characters instead of just themselves.
631 For instance, the " will match all variants of double quotes (like “
632 and ”), and the letter a will match all of its accented cousins, even
633 those composed of multiple characters, as well as many other symbols
637 *** New function `character-fold-to-regexp' can be used
638 by searching commands to produce a regexp matching anything that
639 character-folds into STRING.
642 *** The new M-s M-w key binding uses eww to search the web for the
643 text in the region. The search engine to use for this is specified by
644 the customizable variable `eww-search-prefix'.
647 *** Query-replace history is enhanced.
648 When query-replace reads the FROM string from the minibuffer, typing
649 `M-p' will now show previous replacements as "FROM SEP TO", where FROM
650 and TO are the original text and its replacement, and SEP is an arrow
651 string defined by the new variable `query-replace-from-to-separator'.
652 To select a prior replacement, type `M-p' until the desired
653 replacement appears in the minibuffer, and then exit the minibuffer by
658 *** If `quick-calc' is called with a prefix argument, insert the
659 result of the calculation into the current buffer.
662 ** In Edebug, you can now set the initial mode with C-x C-a C-m. With
663 this you can tell Edebug not to stop at the start of the first
664 instrumented function.
669 *** New minor mode `global-eldoc-mode'
670 It is turned on by default, and affects `*scratch*' and other buffers
671 whose major mode supports Emacs Lisp.
674 *** `eldoc-documentation-function' now defaults to `ignore'
677 *** `describe-char-eldoc' displays information about character at point,
678 and can be used as a default value of `eldoc-documentation-function'. It is
679 useful when, for example, one needs to distinguish various spaces (e.g. ] [,
680 ] [, ] [, etc.) while using mono-spaced font.
685 *** HTML can now be rendered using variable-width fonts.
688 *** A new command `F' (`eww-toggle-fonts') can be used to toggle
689 whether to use variable-pitch fonts or not. The user can also
690 customize the `shr-use-fonts' variable.
693 *** A new command `C' (`eww-toggle-colors') can be used to toggle
694 whether to use the HTML-specified colors or not. The user can also
695 customize the `shr-use-colors' variable.
698 *** A new command `R' (`eww-readable') will try do identify the main
699 textual parts of a web page and display only that, leaving menus and
700 the like off the page.
703 *** You can now use several eww buffers in parallel by renaming eww
704 buffers you want to keep separate.
707 *** Partial state of the eww buffers (the URIs and the titles of the
708 pages visited) is now preserved in the desktop file.
711 *** `eww-after-render-hook' is now called after eww has rendered
712 the data in the buffer.
715 *** The `eww-reload' command now takes a prefix to not reload via
716 the net, but just use the local copy of the HTML.
719 *** The DOM shr and eww uses has been changed to the general Emacs
720 xml.el/libxml2 DOM, and a new package dom.el has been added to
721 interact with this DOM. See the Emacs Lisp manual for interface
725 *** `mailcap-mime-data' is now consulted when displaying PDF files.
728 *** The new `S' command will list all eww buffers, and allow managing
732 *** https pages with valid certificates have headers marked in green, while
733 invalid certificates are marked in red.
738 *** text/html messages that contain inline image parts will be
739 transformed into multipart/related messages before sending.
742 ** In Show Paren Mode, a parenthesis can be highlighted when point
743 stands inside it, and certain parens can be highlighted when point is
744 at BOL or EOL, or in whitespace there. To enable these, customize,
745 respectively, `show-paren-when-point-inside-paren' or
746 `show-paren-when-point-in-periphery'.
751 *** Strings after `:documentation' are highlighted as docstrings.
752 This enhances Lisp mode fontification to handle documentation of the
753 form `(:documentation "the doc string")' used in Common Lisp code for
754 CLOS class and slot documentation.
759 *** Rectangle Mark mode can have corners past EOL or in the middle of a TAB.
762 *** C-x C-x in rectangle-mark-mode now cycles through the four corners.
763 *** `string-rectangle' provides on-the-fly preview of the result.
766 ** New font-lock functions `font-lock-ensure' and `font-lock-flush'.
767 These should be used in preference to `font-lock-fontify-buffer' when
771 ** Macro `minibuffer-with-setup-hook' can optionally append a function
772 to `minibuffer-setup-hook'.
774 If the first argument of the macro is of the form `(:append FUN)',
775 then FUN will be appended to `minibuffer-setup-hook', instead of
780 *** New functions `cl-fresh-line', `cl-digit-char-p', and `cl-parse-integer'.
783 *** `pcase' accepts the new UPattern `cl-struct'.
785 ** Calendar and diary
788 *** The default `diary-file' is now located in .emacs.d.
791 *** New commands to insert diary entries with Chinese dates:
792 `diary-chinese-insert-anniversary-entry' `diary-chinese-insert-entry'
793 `diary-chinese-insert-monthly-entry', `diary-chinese-insert-yearly-entry'.
796 *** The calendar can now list and mark diary entries with Chinese dates.
797 See `diary-chinese-list-entries' and `diary-chinese-mark-entries'.
800 *** The option `calendar-mode-line-format' can now be nil,
801 which means to do nothing special with the mode line in calendars.
804 *** New option `calendar-weekend-days'.
805 The option customizes which day headers receive the
806 `calendar-weekend-header' face.
809 *** New optional args N and STRING for ‘holiday-greek-orthodox-easter’.
812 *** Many items obsolete since at least version 23.1 have been removed.
813 The majority were function/variable/face aliases, too numerous to list here.
816 **** Functions `calendar-one-frame-setup', `calendar-only-one-frame-setup',
817 `calendar-two-frame-setup', `european-calendar', `american-calendar'.
819 **** Hooks `cal-menu-load-hook', `cal-x-load-hook'.
821 **** Macro `calendar-for-loop'.
823 **** Variables `european-calendar-style', `diary-face', `hebrew-holidays-{1,4}'.
825 **** The nil and list forms of `diary-display-function'.
828 ** New ERT function `ert-summarize-tests-batch-and-exit'.
829 If the output of ERT tests in batch mode execution can be saved to a
830 log file, then it can be passed as an argument to the above function
831 to produce a neat summary.
834 ** New js.el option `js-indent-first-init'.
835 It was renamed from `js-indent-first-initialiser', to avoid issues
836 with American vs British spelling.
841 ** Info mode now displays symbol names in fixed-pitch font.
842 If you want to get the old behavior back, customize the `Info-quoted'
843 face to use the same definitions as the default face.
846 *** `Info-fontify-maximum-menu-size' can be t for no limit.
849 *** `info-display-manual' can now be given a prefix argument which (any
850 non-nil value) directs the command to limit the completion
851 alternatives to currently visited manuals.
854 ** ntlm.el has support for NTLM2.
859 *** The Rmail commands `d', `C-d' and `u' take optional repeat counts
860 to delete or undelete multiple messages.
863 *** Rmail can now render HTML mail messages if your Emacs was built with
864 libxml2 or if you have the Lynx browser installed. By default, Rmail
865 will display the HTML version of a mail message that has both HTML and
866 plain text parts, if display of HTML email is possible; customize the
867 `rmail-mime-prefer-html' option to `nil' if you don't want that.
870 *** In the commands that make summaries by subject, recipients, or senders,
871 you can no longer use commas to separate regular expressions.
874 ** SES now supports local printer functions; see `ses-define-local-printer'.
878 *** In sh-mode you can now use `sh-shell' as a file-local variable to
879 specify the type of shell in use (bash, csh, etc).
882 *** New value `always' for `sh-indent-after-continuation'.
883 This provides old-style ("dumb") indentation of continued lines.
884 See the doc string of `sh-indent-after-continuation' for details.
888 *** Fatal TLS errors are now silent by default.
891 *** If Emacs isn't built with TLS support, an external TLS-capable
892 program is used instead. This program used to be run in --insecure
893 mode by default, but has now changed to be secure instead, and will
894 fail if you try to connect to non-verifiable hosts. This is
895 controlled by the `tls-program' variable.
900 *** The URL package accepts now the protocols "ssh", "scp" and "rsync".
901 When `url-handler-mode' is enabled, file operations for these
902 protocols as well as for "telnet" and "ftp" are passed to Tramp.
905 *** The URL package allows customizing the `url-user-agent' string.
906 The new `url-user-agent' variable can be customized to be a string or
910 *** The new interface variable `url-request-noninteractive' can be used
911 to specify that we're running in a noninteractive context, and that
912 we should not be queried about things like TLS certificate validity.
915 *** If URL is used with a https connection, the first callback argument
916 plist will contain a :peer element that has the output of
917 `gnutls-peer-status' (if Emacs is built with GnuTLS support).
922 *** New connection method "afp", which allows you to access Mac OS X
923 volumes via the Apple Filing Protocol.
926 *** New connection method "nc", which allows you to access dumb
930 *** Method-specific parameters can be overwritten now with variable
931 `tramp-connection-properties'.
934 *** Handler for `file-notify-valid-p' for remote machines that support
935 filesystem notifications.
940 *** New user variable `sql-default-directory' enables remote
941 connections using Tramp.
944 *** New command `sql-send-line-and-next'.
945 This command, bound to `C-c C-n' by default, sends the current line to
946 the SQL process and advances to the next line, skipping whitespace and
950 *** Added support for Vertica SQL.
952 ** VC and related modes
955 *** Basic push support, via `vc-push', bound to `C-x v P'.
956 Implemented for Bzr, Git, Hg. As part of this change, the pre-existing
957 (undocumented) command vc-hg-push now behaves slightly differently.
960 *** The new command vc-region-history shows the log+diff of the active region.
963 *** You can refresh the VC state of a file buffer with `M-x vc-refresh-state'.
964 This command is useful when you perform version control commands
965 outside Emacs (e.g., from the shell prompt), or if you switch the VC
966 back-end for the buffer's file, or remove it from version control.
969 *** New option `vc-annotate-background-mode' controls whether
970 the color range from `vc-annotate-color-map' is applied to the
971 background or to the foreground.
974 *** `compare-windows' now compares text with the most recently selected window
975 instead of the next window. If you want the previous behavior of
976 comparing with the next window, customize the new option
977 `compare-windows-get-window-function' to the value
978 `compare-windows-get-next-window'.
981 *** Two new faces `compare-windows-removed' and `compare-windows-added'
982 replace the face `compare-windows', which is now an obsolete alias for
983 `compare-windows-added'.
986 *** `log-edit-insert-changelog' converts "(tiny change)" to
987 "Copyright-paperwork-exempt: yes". Set `log-edit-rewrite-tiny-change'
991 ** VHDL mode now supports VHDL'08.
996 *** Decimal display mode uses "," groups, so it's more
997 fitting for use in money calculations
1000 *** Factorial works with non-integer inputs.
1005 *** Hide-IfDef mode now support full C/C++ expressions in macros,
1006 macro argument expansion, interactive macro evaluation and automatic
1007 scanning of #define'd symbols.
1010 *** New command `hif-evaluate-macro', bound to `C-c @ e', displays the
1011 result of evaluating a macro.
1014 *** New command `hif-clear-all-ifdef-define', bound to `C-c @ C', clears
1015 all defined symbols in `hide-ifdef-env'.
1018 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-header-regexp' to define C/C++ header
1019 file name patterns. Defaults to files whose extension is one of `.h',
1020 `.hh', `.hpp', `.hxx', or `.h++', matched case-insensitively.
1023 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-expand-reinclusion-protection' to prevent
1024 reinclusion protected (a.k.a. "idempotent") header files from being hidden.
1025 (This could happen when an idempotent header file is visited again,
1026 when its guard symbol is already defined.) Defaults to `t'.
1029 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-exclude-define-regexp' to define symbol
1030 name patterns (e.g. all "FOR_DOXYGEN_ONLY_*") to be ignored when
1031 looking for macro definitions. By default, no symbols are ignored.
1036 *** New custom variable `tex-print-file-extension' to help users who
1037 use PDF instead of DVI.
1040 *** TeX mode now supports Prettify Symbols mode. When enabling
1041 `prettify-symbols-mode' in a tex-mode buffer, \alpha ... \omega, and
1042 many other math macros are displayed using unicode characters.
1045 ** New `big-indent' style in `whitespace-mode' highlights deep indentation.
1046 By default, 32 consecutive spaces or four consecutive TABs are
1047 considered to be too deep, but the new variable
1048 `whitespace-big-indent-regexp' can be customized to change that.
1051 ** New options in `tildify-mode'.
1052 New options `tildify-space-string', `tildify-pattern', and
1053 `tildify-foreach-region-function' variables make
1054 `tildify-string-alist', `tildify-pattern-alist', and
1055 `tildify-ignored-environments-alist' variables (as well as a few
1056 helper functions) obsolete.
1059 ** New package Xref replaces Etags's front-end and UI
1061 The new package Xref provides a generic framework and new commands to
1062 find and move to definitions of functions, macros, data structures
1063 etc., as well as go back to the location where you were before moving
1064 to a definition. It supersedes and obsoletes many Etags commands,
1065 while still using the etags.el code that reads the TAGS tables as one
1068 The command `xref-find-definitions' replaces `find-tag' and provides
1069 an interface to pick one definition among several.
1070 `tags-loop-continue' is now unbound. `xref-pop-marker-stack' replaces
1071 `pop-tag-mark', but has a keybinding (`M-,') different from the one
1072 `pop-tag-mark' used.
1074 `xref-find-definitions-other-window' replaces `find-tag-other-window'.
1075 `xref-find-definitions-other-frame' replaces `find-tag-other-frame'.
1076 `xref-find-apropos' replaces `find-tag-regexp'.
1078 As a result of this, the following commands are now obsolete:
1079 `find-tag-other-window', `find-tag-other-frame', `find-tag-regexp',
1082 `tags-loop-continue' is not obsolete because it's still useful in
1083 `tags-search' and `tags-query-replace', for which there are no direct
1087 *** Variants of `tags-search' and `tags-query-replace' in Dired were also
1088 replaced by xref-style commands, see the "Dired" section below.
1093 `find-tag-marker-ring-length' is now an obsolete alias for
1094 `xref-marker-ring-length'. `find-tag-marker-ring' is now an obsolete
1095 alias for a private variable. `xref-push-marker-stack' and
1096 `xref-pop-marker-stack' should be used instead to manipulate the stack
1097 of searches for definitions.
1100 *** `xref-find-definitions' and `describe-function' now display
1101 information about mode local overrides (defined by cedet/mode-local.el
1102 `define-overloadable-function' `define-mode-local-overrides').
1104 The framework's Lisp API is still experimental and can change in major,
1105 backward-incompatible ways.
1108 ** New package Project
1110 The new package Project provides generic infrastructure for dealing
1111 with projects. The main commands included in it are
1112 `project-find-file' and `project-find-regexp'.
1114 The Lisp API of this package is still experimental.
1117 EUDC's LDAP backend has been improved.
1120 *** EUDC supports LDAP-over-SSL URLs (ldaps://).
1123 *** EUDC passes LDAP passwords through a pipe to the ldapsearch
1124 subprocess instead of on the command line.
1127 *** EUDC handles LDAP wildcards automatically so the user shouldn't
1128 need to configure this manually anymore.
1131 *** The LDAP configuration section of EUDC's manual has been
1134 There have also been customization changes.
1137 *** New custom variable `eudc-server-hotlist' to allow specifying
1138 multiple EUDC servers in init file.
1141 *** Custom variable `eudc-inline-query-format' defaults to completing
1142 on email and firstname instead of surname.
1145 *** Custom variable `eudc-expansion-overwrites-query' defaults to nil
1146 to avoid interfering with the kill ring.
1149 *** Custom variable `eudc-inline-expansion-format' defaults to
1150 "Firstname Surname <mail-address>".
1153 *** Custom variable `eudc-options-file' defaults to
1154 "~/.emacs.d/eudc-options".
1157 *** New custom variable `ldap-ldapsearch-password-prompt-regexp' to
1158 allow overriding the regular expression that recognizes the ldapsearch
1159 command line's password prompt.
1162 EUDC's BBDB backend now supports BBDB 3.
1165 EUDC's PH backend (eudcb-ph.el) is obsolete.
1170 *** The new built-in command `clear' can scroll window contents out of sight.
1171 If provided with an optional non-nil argument, the scrollback contents will be cleared.
1174 *** New buffer syntax '#<buffer-name>', which is equivalent to
1175 '#<buffer buffer-name>'. This shorthand makes interacting with
1176 buffers from eshell more convenient. Custom variable
1177 `eshell-buffer-shorthand', which has been broken for a while, has been
1181 *** By default, eshell "visual" program buffers (created by
1182 `eshell-visual-commands' and similar custom vars) are no longer killed
1183 when their processes die. This fixes issues with short-lived commands
1184 and makes visual programs more useful in general. For example, if
1185 "git log" is a visual command, it will always show the visual command
1186 buffer, even if the "git log" process dies. For the old behavior,
1187 make the new option `eshell-destroy-buffer-when-process-dies' non-nil.
1192 *** Support for the Google Chrome web browser.
1195 *** Support for the Conkeror web browser.
1198 *** Support for several ancient browsers is now officially obsolete.
1201 ** tar-mode: new `tar-new-entry' command, allowing for new members to
1202 be added to the archive.
1205 ** Autorevert: dired buffers are also auto-reverted via file
1206 notifications, if Emacs is compiled with file notification support.
1208 ** File Notifications
1211 *** The kqueue library is integrated for *BSD and Mac OS X machines.
1214 *** The new event `stopped' signals, that a file notification watch is
1215 not active any longer.
1218 *** The new function `file-notify-valid-p' checks, whether a file
1219 notification descriptor still corresponds to an activate watch.
1224 *** The command `dired-do-compress' bound to `Z' now can compress
1225 directories and decompress zip files.
1228 *** New command `dired-do-compress-to' bound to `c' can be used to
1229 compress many marked files into a single named archive. The
1230 compression command is determined from the new
1231 `dired-compress-files-alist' variable.
1234 *** `W' is now bound to `browse-url-of-dired-file', and is useful for
1235 viewing HTML files and the like.
1237 *** New user interface for the `A' and `Q' commands.
1238 These keys, now bound to `dired-do-find-regexp' and
1239 `dired-do-find-regexp-and-replace', work similarly to `xref-find-apropos'
1240 and `xref-query-replace-in-results': they present the matches
1241 in the `*xref*' buffer and let you move through the matches. No need
1242 to use `tags-loop-continue' to resume the search or replace loop. The
1243 previous commands, `dired-do-search' and
1244 `dired-do-query-replace-regexp', are still available, but not bound to
1245 keys; rebind `A' and `Q' to invoke them if you want the old behavior
1246 back. We intend to obsolete the old commands in a future release.
1248 ** Tabulated List Mode
1251 *** It is now safe for a mode that derives `tabulated-list-mode' to not
1252 call `tabulated-list-init-header', in which case it will have no
1256 *** `tabulated-list-print' takes a second optional argument, update,
1257 which specifies an alternative printing method which is faster when
1258 few or no entries have changed.
1260 ** Obsolete packages
1266 *** landmark.el (moved to elpa.gnu.org)
1269 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
1272 ** pinentry.el allows GnuPG passphrase to be prompted through the
1273 minibuffer instead of a graphical dialog, depending on whether the gpg
1274 command is called from Emacs (i.e., INSIDE_EMACS environment variable
1275 is set). This feature requires newer versions of GnuPG (2.1.5 or
1276 later) and Pinentry (0.9.5 or later).
1279 ** cl-generic.el provides CLOS-style multiple-dispatch generic functions.
1280 The main entry points are `cl-defgeneric' and `cl-defmethod'. See the
1281 node "Generic Functions" in the Emacs Lisp manual for more details.
1284 ** scss-mode (a minor variant of css-mode)
1287 ** let-alist is a new macro (and a package) that allows one to easily
1288 let-bind the values stored in an alist.
1291 ** `tildify-mode' allows automatic insertion of hard spaces as one
1292 types the text. Breaking line after a single-character words is
1293 forbidden by Czech and Polish typography (and may be discouraged in
1294 other languages), so `auto-tildify-mode' makes it easier to create
1295 a typographically-correct documents.
1298 ** The `seq' library adds sequence manipulation functions and macros
1299 that complement basic functions provided by subr.el. All functions
1300 are prefixed with `seq-' and work on lists, strings and vectors.
1301 `pcase' accepts a new Upattern `seq'.
1304 ** The `map' library provides map-manipulation functions that work on
1305 alists, hash-table and arrays. All functions are prefixed with
1306 `map-'. `pcase' accepts a new UPattern `map'.
1309 ** The `thunk' library provides functions and macros to control the
1310 evaluation of forms.
1313 ** js-jsx-mode (a minor variant of js-mode) provides indentation
1314 support for JSX, an XML-like syntax extension to ECMAScript.
1317 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
1320 ** `setq' and `setf' must now be called with an even number of
1321 arguments. The earlier behavior of silently supplying a nil to the
1322 last variable when there was an odd number of arguments has been
1326 ** `syntax-begin-function' is declared obsolete.
1327 Removed font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function and the SYNTAX-BEGIN
1328 slot in font-lock-defaults.
1331 ** `package-initialize' now sets `package-enable-at-startup' to nil if
1332 called during startup. Users who call this function in their init
1333 file and still expect it to be run after startup should set
1334 `package-enable-at-startup' to t after the call to
1335 `package-initialize'.
1338 ** `:global' minor mode use `setq-default' rather than `setq'.
1339 This means that you can't use `make-local-variable' and expect them to
1340 "magically" become buffer-local.
1343 ** `track-mouse' no longer freezes the shape of the mouse pointer.
1344 The `track-mouse' form no longer refrains from changing the shape of
1345 the mouse pointer for the entire time the body of that form is
1346 executed. Lisp programs that use `track-mouse' for dragging across
1347 large portions of the Emacs display, and want to avoid changes in the
1348 pointer shape during dragging, should bind the variable `track-mouse'
1349 to the special value `dragging' in the body of the form.
1352 ** The optional `predicate' argument of `lisp-complete-symbol' no longer
1353 has any effect. (This change was made in Emacs 24.4 but was not
1354 advertised at the time.)
1357 ** `indirect-function' does not signal `void-function' any more.
1358 This is mostly a bug-fix, since this change was missed back in 24.4 when
1359 symbol-function was changed not to signal `void-function' any more.
1362 *** As a consequence, the second arg of `indirect-function' is now obsolete.
1365 ** Comint, term, and compile do not set the EMACS env var any more.
1366 Use the INSIDE_EMACS environment variable instead.
1369 ** `save-excursion' does not save&restore the mark any more.
1370 Use `save-mark-and-excursion' if you want the old behavior.
1373 ** `read-buffer' and `read-buffer-function' can now be called with a 4th
1374 argument (`predicate').
1377 ** `completion-table-dynamic' by default stays in the minibuffer.
1378 The minibuffer will be the current buffer when the function is called.
1379 If you want the old behavior of calling the function in the buffer
1380 from which the minibuffer was entered, use the new argument
1381 `switch-buffer' to `completion-table-dynamic'.
1384 ** window-configurations no longer record the buffers' marks.
1387 ** inhibit-modification-hooks now also inhibits lock-file checks, as well as
1388 active region handling.
1391 ** deactivate-mark is now buffer-local.
1394 ** `cl-the' now asserts that its argument is of the given type.
1397 ** `process-running-child-p' may now return a numeric process
1398 group ID instead of `t'.
1401 ** Mouse click events on mode line or header line no longer include
1402 any reference to a buffer position. The 6th member of the mouse
1403 position list returned for such events is now nil.
1406 ** Menu items in keymaps do not support the "key shortcut cache" any more.
1407 These slots used to hold key-shortcut data, but have been obsolete since
1411 ** Emacs no longer downcases the first letter of a system diagnostic
1412 when signaling a file error. For example, it now reports "Permission
1413 denied" instead of "permission denied". The old behavior was problematic
1414 in languages like German where downcasing rules depend on grammar.
1417 ** New variable ‘text-quoting-style’ to control how Emacs translates quotes.
1418 Set it to ‘curve’ for curved single quotes ‘like this’, to ‘straight’
1419 for straight apostrophes 'like this', and to ‘grave’ for grave accent
1420 and apostrophe `like this'. The default value nil acts like ‘curve’
1421 if curved single quotes are displayable, and like ‘grave’ otherwise.
1422 The new variable affects display of diagnostics and help, but not of info.
1425 ** substitute-command-keys now replaces quotes.
1426 That is, it converts documentation strings’ quoting style as per the
1427 value of ‘text-quoting-style’. Doc strings in source code can use
1428 either curved single quotes or grave accents and apostrophes. As
1429 before, characters preceded by \= are output as-is.
1432 ** Message-issuing functions ‘error’, ‘message’, etc. now convert quotes.
1433 They use the new ‘format-message’ function instead of plain ‘format’,
1434 so that they now follow user preference as per ‘text-quoting-style’
1435 when processing curved single quotes, grave accents, and apostrophes
1436 in their format argument.
1439 ** The character classes [:alpha:] and [:alnum:] in regular expressions
1440 now match multibyte characters using Unicode character properties.
1441 If you want the old behavior where they matched any character with
1442 word syntax, use `\sw' instead.
1445 ** The character classes [:graph:] and [:print:] in regular expressions
1446 no longer match every multibyte character. Instead, Emacs now
1447 consults the Unicode character properties to determine which
1448 characters are graphic or printable. In particular, surrogates and
1449 unassigned codepoints are now rejected. If you want the old behavior,
1450 use [:multibyte:] instead.
1453 ** The `diff' command uses the unified format now. To restore the old
1454 behavior, set `diff-switches' to `-c'.
1457 ** `grep-template' and `grep-find-template' values don't include the
1458 --color argument anymore. It's added at the <C> place holder position
1459 dynamically. Any third-party code that changes these templates should
1460 be updated accordingly.
1463 ** ‘(/ N)’ is now equivalent to ‘(/ 1 N)’ rather than to ‘(/ N 1)’.
1464 The new behavior is compatible with Common Lisp and with XEmacs.
1465 This change does not affect Lisp code intended to be portable to
1466 Emacs 24.2 and earlier, which did not support unary ‘/’.
1469 ** The `default-directory' value doesn't have to end slash. To make
1470 that happen, `unhandled-file-name-directory' now defaults to calling
1471 `file-name-as-directory'.
1474 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
1478 *** New UPatterns `quote', `app'.
1480 *** New UPatterns can be defined with `pcase-defmacro'.
1482 *** New vector QPattern.
1485 ** syntax-propertize is now automatically called on-demand during forward
1486 parsing functions like `forward-sexp'.
1489 ** New hooks `prefix-command-echo-keystrokes-functions' and
1490 `prefix-command-preserve-state-hook' allow the definition of prefix
1491 commands other than the predefined `C-u'.
1494 ** New functions `filepos-to-bufferpos' and `bufferpos-to-filepos'.
1495 These allow conversion between buffer positions and the corresponding
1496 file byte offsets, given the file's encoding.
1499 ** The default value of `load-read-function' is now `read'.
1500 Previously, the default value of `nil' implied using `read'.
1503 ** New hook `pre-redisplay-functions'.
1504 It is a bit easier to use than `pre-redisplay-function'.
1507 ** The second arg of `looking-back' should always be provided explicitly.
1508 Previously, it was an optional argument, now it's mandatory.
1511 ** Text properties `intangible', `point-entered', and `point-left' are obsolete.
1512 Replaced by properties `cursor-intangible' and `cursor-sensor-functions',
1513 implemented by the new `cursor-intangible-mode' and
1514 `cursor-sensor-mode' minor modes.
1517 ** `inhibit-point-motion-hooks' now defaults to `t' and is obsolete.
1518 Use the new minor modes `cursor-intangible-mode' and
1519 `cursor-sensor-mode' instead.
1522 ** New process type `pipe', which can be used in combination with the
1523 `:stderr' keyword of make-process to handle standard error output
1527 ** New function `make-process' provides an alternative interface to
1528 `start-process'. It allows programs to set process parameters such as
1529 process filter, sentinel, etc., through keyword arguments (similar to
1530 `make-network-process').
1533 ** A new function `directory-files-recursively' returns all matching
1534 files (recursively) under a directory.
1537 ** New variable `inhibit-message', when bound to non-nil, inhibits
1538 `message' and related functions from displaying messages in the echo
1539 area. The output is still logged to the *Messages* buffer.
1542 ** A new text property `inhibit-read-only' can be used in read-only
1543 buffers to allow certain parts of the text to be writable.
1546 ** A new variable `comment-end-can-be-escaped' is useful in languages
1547 such as C and C++ where line comments with escaped newlines are
1548 continued to the next line.
1551 ** New macro `define-advice'.
1554 ** Emacs Lisp now supports generators.
1555 See the "Generators" section of the ELisp manual for the details.
1558 ** New finalizer facility for running code when objects become unreachable.
1559 See the "Finalizer Type" subsection in the ELisp manual for the
1563 ** lexical closures can use (:documentation FORM) to build their docstring.
1564 It should be placed right where the docstring would be, and FORM is then
1565 evaluated (and should return a string) when the closure is built.
1568 ** define-inline provides a new way to define inlinable functions.
1571 ** New function `macroexpand-1' to perform a single step of macro expansion.
1574 ** Some "x-*" functions were obsoleted and/or renamed:
1575 *** x-select-text is renamed gui-select-text.
1576 *** x-selection-value is renamed gui-selection-value.
1577 *** x-get-selection is renamed gui-get-selection.
1578 *** x-get-clipboard and x-clipboard-yank are marked obsolete.
1579 *** x-get-selection-value is renamed to gui-get-primary-selection.
1580 *** x-set-selection is renamed to gui-set-selection
1583 ** New function `string-greaterp', which return the opposite result of
1587 ** The new functions `string-collate-lessp' and `string-collate-equalp'
1588 preserve the collation order as defined by the system's locale(1)
1589 environment. For the time being this is implemented for modern POSIX
1590 systems and for MS-Windows, for other systems they fall back to their
1591 counterparts `string-lessp' and `string-equal'.
1594 *** The ls-lisp package uses `string-collate-lessp' to sort file names.
1595 If you want the old, locale-independent sorting, customize the new
1596 option `ls-lisp-use-string-collate' to a nil value.
1599 *** The MS-Windows specific variable `w32-collate-ignore-punctuation',
1600 if set to a non-nil value, causes the above 2 functions to ignore
1601 symbol and punctuation characters when collating strings. This
1602 emulates the behavior of modern Posix platforms when the locale's
1603 codeset is "UTF-8" (as in "en_US.UTF-8"). This is needed because
1604 MS-Windows doesn't support UTF-8 as codeset in its locales.
1607 ** New function `alist-get', which is also a valid place (aka lvalue).
1610 ** New function `funcall-interactively', which works like `funcall'
1611 but makes `called-interactively-p' treat the function as (you guessed it)
1612 called interactively.
1615 ** New function `function-put' to use instead of `put' for function properties.
1618 ** The new function `bidi-find-overridden-directionality' allows you to
1619 find characters whose directionality was, perhaps maliciously,
1620 overridden by directional override control characters. Lisp programs
1621 can use this to detect potential phishing of URLs and other links that
1622 exploits bidirectional display reordering.
1625 ** The new function `buffer-substring-with-bidi-context' allows you to
1626 copy a portion of a buffer into a different location while preserving
1627 the visual appearance both of the copied text and the text at
1628 destination, even when the copied text includes mixed bidirectional
1629 text and directional control characters.
1632 ** New properties that can be specified with `declare':
1633 *** (interactive-only INSTEAD), says to use INSTEAD for non-interactive use.
1634 *** (pure VAL), if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function is pure.
1635 *** (side-effect-free VAL), if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function does not
1639 ** New macro `with-file-modes', for evaluating expressions with default file
1640 permissions set to temporary values (e.g., for creating private files).
1643 ** You can access the slots of structures using `cl-struct-slot-value'.
1646 ** Function `sort' can deal with vectors.
1649 ** Function `system-name' now returns an updated value if the current
1650 system's name has changed or if the Emacs process has changed systems,
1651 and to avoid long waits it no longer consults DNS to canonicalize the
1652 name. The variable `system-name' is now obsolete.
1655 ** Function `write-region' no longer outputs "Wrote FILE" in batch mode.
1658 ** If `pwd' is called with a prefix argument, insert the current default
1662 ** New functions return extended information about fonts and faces.
1665 *** The function `font-info' now returns more details about a font.
1666 In particular, it now returns the average width of the font's
1667 characters, which can be used for geometry-related calculations.
1670 *** A new function `default-font-width' returns the average width of a
1671 character in the current buffer's default font. If the default face
1672 is remapped (see `face-remapping-alist'), the value for the remapped
1673 face is returned. This function complements the existing function
1674 `default-font-height'.
1677 *** New functions `window-font-height' and `window-font-width' return
1678 the height and average width of characters in a specified face and
1679 window. If FACE is remapped (see `face-remapping-alist'), the
1680 function returns the information for the remapped face.
1683 *** A new function `window-max-chars-per-line' returns the maximal
1684 number of characters that can be displayed on one line. If a face
1685 and/or window are provided, these values are used for the
1686 calculation. This function is different from `window-body-width' in
1687 that it accounts for (i) continuation glyphs, (ii) the size of the
1688 font, and (iii) the specified window.
1691 ** New utilities in subr-x.el:
1692 *** New macros `if-let' and `when-let' allow defining bindings and to
1693 execute code depending whether all values are true.
1694 *** New macros `thread-first' and `thread-last' allow threading a form
1695 as the first or last argument of subsequent forms.
1698 ** Documentation strings now support quoting with curved single quotes
1699 ‘like-this’ in addition to the old style with grave accent and
1700 apostrophe `like-this'. The new style looks better on today's displays.
1701 In the new Electric Quote mode, you can enter curved single quotes
1702 into documentation by typing ` and '. Outside Electric Quote mode,
1703 you can enter them by typing ‘C-x 8 [’ and ‘C-x 8 ]’, or (if your Alt
1704 key works) by typing ‘A-[’ and ‘A-]’. As described above under
1705 ‘text-quoting-style’, the user can specify how to display doc string
1709 ** New function ‘format-message’ is like ‘format’ and also converts
1710 curved single quotes, grave accents and apostrophes as per
1711 ‘text-quoting-style’.
1714 ** show-help-function's arg is converted via substitute-command-keys
1715 before being passed to the function. Help strings, help-echo
1716 properties, etc. can therefore contain command key escapes and
1720 ** Time-related changes:
1722 *** Time conversion functions now accept an optional ZONE argument
1723 that specifies the time zone rules for conversion. ZONE is omitted or
1724 nil for Emacs local time, t for Universal Time, ‘wall’ for system wall
1725 clock time, or a string as in ‘set-time-zone-rule’ for a time zone
1726 rule. The affected functions are ‘current-time-string’,
1727 ‘current-time-zone’, ‘decode-time’, and ‘format-time-string’. The
1728 function ‘encode-time’, which already accepted a simple time zone rule
1729 argument, has been extended to accept all the new forms.
1731 *** Time-related functions now consistently accept numbers
1732 (representing seconds since the epoch) and nil (representing the
1733 current time) as well as the usual list-of-integer representation.
1734 Affected functions include `current-time-string', `current-time-zone',
1735 `decode-time', `float-time', `format-time-string', `seconds-to-time',
1736 `time-add', `time-less-p', `time-subtract', `time-to-day-in-year',
1737 `time-to-days', and `time-to-seconds'.
1739 *** The `encode-time-value' and `with-decoded-time-value' macros have
1742 *** `calendar-next-time-zone-transition', `time-add', and
1743 `time-subtract' no longer return time values in the obsolete and
1744 undocumented integer-pair format. Instead, they return a list of two
1748 ** New function `set-binary-mode' allows switching a standard stream
1749 of the Emacs process to binary I/O mode.
1752 ** The new function `directory-name-p' can be used to check whether a file
1753 name (as returned from, for instance, `file-name-all-completions') is
1754 a directory file name. It returns non-nil if the last character in
1755 the name is a directory separator character (forward slash on GNU and
1756 Unix systems, forward- or backslash on MS-Windows and MS-DOS).
1759 ** ASCII approximations to curved quotes are put in standard-display-table
1760 if the terminal cannot display curved quotes.
1763 ** Standard output and error streams now transliterate characters via
1764 standard-display-table, and encode output using locale-coding-system.
1765 To force a specific encoding, bind `coding-system-for-write' to the
1766 coding-system of your choice when invoking functions like `prin1' and
1770 ** New var `truncate-string-ellipsis' to choose how to indicate truncation.
1773 ** New possible value for `system-type': `nacl'.
1774 This is used by Google's Native Client (NaCl).
1776 ** Miscellaneous name change
1779 For consistency with the usual Emacs spelling, the Lisp variable
1780 `hfy-optimisations' has been renamed to `hfy-optimizations'.
1781 The old name should still work, as an obsolescent alias.
1783 ** Changes in Frame- and Window- Handling
1786 *** Emacs can now draw horizontal scroll bars on some platforms that
1787 provide toolkit scroll bars, namely Gtk+, Lucid, Motif and Windows.
1788 Horizontal scroll bars are turned off by default.
1790 **** New function `horizontal-scroll-bars-available-p' telling whether
1791 horizontal scroll bars are available on the underlying system.
1793 **** New mode `horizontal-scroll-bar-mode' to toggle horizontal scroll
1794 bars on all existing and future frames.
1796 **** New function `toggle-horizontal-scroll-bar' to toggle horizontal
1797 scroll bars on the selected frame.
1799 **** New frame parameters `horizontal-scroll-bars' and
1800 `scroll-bar-height' to set horizontal scroll bars and their height
1801 for individual frames and in `default-frame-alist'.
1803 **** New functions `frame-scroll-bar-height' and
1804 `window-scroll-bar-height' return the height of horizontal scroll
1805 bars on a specific frame or window.
1807 **** `set-window-scroll-bars' now accepts five parameters where the last
1808 two specify height and type of the window's horizontal scroll bar.
1810 **** `window-scroll-bars' now returns type and sizes of horizontal scroll
1813 **** New buffer-local variables `horizontal-scroll-bar' and
1814 `scroll-bar-height'.
1817 *** New functions `frame-geometry' and `frame-edges' give access to a
1821 *** New functions `mouse-absolute-pixel-position' and
1822 `set-mouse-absolute-pixel-position' get/set screen coordinates of the
1826 *** The function `window-edges' now accepts three additional arguments to
1827 retrieve body, absolute and pixel edges of the window.
1830 *** The functions `window-inside-edges', `window-inside-pixel-edges' and
1831 `window-inside-absolute-pixel-edges' have been renamed to respectively
1832 `window-body-edges', `window-body-pixel-edges' and
1833 `window-absolute-body-pixel-edges'. The old names are kept as aliases.
1836 *** New function `window-absolute-pixel-position' to get the screen
1837 coordinates of a visible buffer position.
1840 *** The height of a frame's menu and tool bar are no longer counted in the
1841 frame's text height. This means that the text height stands only for
1842 the height of the frame's root window plus that of the echo area (if
1843 present). This was already the behavior for frames with external tool
1844 and menu bars (like in the Gtk builds) but has now been extended to all
1848 *** Frames now do not necessarily preserve the number of columns or lines
1849 they display when setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or
1850 scroll bars. In particular, maximized and fullscreen frames are
1851 conceptually never resized if such settings change. For fullheight and
1852 fullwidth frames, the behavior may depend on the toolkit used.
1853 **** New option `frame-inhibit-implied-resize' if non-nil, means that
1854 setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or scroll bars of a
1855 specific frame does not resize that frame in order to preserve the
1856 number of columns or lines it displays.
1859 *** New function `window-preserve-size' allows you to preserve the size of
1860 a window without "fixing" it. It's supported by `fit-window-to-buffer',
1861 `temp-buffer-resize-mode' and `display-buffer'.
1864 *** New `display-buffer' action function `display-buffer-use-some-frame'.
1865 This displays the buffer in an existing frame other than the current
1866 frame, and allows the caller to specify a frame predicate to exclude
1870 *** New minor mode `window-divider-mode' and options
1871 `window-divider-default-places', `window-divider-default-bottom-width'
1872 and `window-divider-default-right-width'.
1875 ** Tearoff menus and detachable toolbars for Gtk+ have been removed.
1876 Those features have been deprecated in Gtk+ for a long time.
1881 *** etags no longer qualifies class members by default.
1883 By default, `etags' will not qualify class members for C-like
1884 object-oriented languages with their class names and namespaces, and
1885 will remove qualifications used explicitly in the code from the tag
1886 names it puts in TAGS files. This is so the etags.el back-end for
1887 `xref-find-definitions' is more accurate and produces less false
1890 Use --class-qualify (-Q) if you want the old default behavior of
1891 qualifying class members in C++, Java, and Objective C. Note that
1892 using -Q might make some class members become "unknown" to `M-.'
1893 (`xref-find-definitions'); if so, you can use `C-u M-.' to specify the
1894 qualified names by hand.
1897 *** New language Ruby
1899 Names of modules, classes, methods, and functions are tagged.
1900 Overloaded operators are also tagged.
1903 *** Improved support for Lua
1905 Etags now tags functions even if the "function" keyword follows some
1906 whitespace at line beginning.
1909 * Changes in Emacs 25.1 on Non-Free Operating Systems
1912 ** MS-Windows specific Emacs build scripts are no longer in the distribution
1913 This includes the makefile.w32-in files in various subdirectories, and
1914 the support files. The file nt/configure.bat now just tells the user
1915 to use the procedure described in nt/INSTALL, by running the Posix
1916 `configure' script in the top-level directory.
1919 ** Building Emacs for MS-Windows requires at least Windows XP
1920 or Windows Server 2003. The built binaries still run on all versions
1921 of Windows starting with Windows 9X.
1924 ** Emacs running on MS-Windows now supports the daemon mode.
1927 ** The byte counts in etags-generated TAGS files are now the same on
1928 MS-Windows as they are on other platforms.
1931 ** On OS X, configure creates a Cocoa ("Nextstep") build by default.
1932 Pass '--without-ns' to configure to create an X11 build, the old default.
1935 ** OS X 10.5 or older is no longer supported.
1938 ** OS X on PowerPC is no longer supported.
1941 ** New variable `ns-use-fullscreen-animation' controls animation for
1942 non-native NS fullscreen. The default is nil. Set to t to enable
1943 animation when entering and leaving fullscreen. For native OSX fullscreen
1947 ** The new function 'w32-application-type' returns the type of an
1948 MS-Windows application given the name of its executable program file.
1950 ** New variable `w32-pipe-buffer-size'.
1951 It can be used to tune the size of the buffer of pipes created for
1952 communicating with subprocesses, when the program run by a subprocess
1953 exhibits unusual buffering behavior. Default is zero, which lets the
1954 OS use its default size.
1957 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
1958 This file is part of GNU Emacs.
1960 GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
1961 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
1962 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
1963 (at your option) any later version.
1965 GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
1966 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
1967 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
1968 GNU General Public License for more details.
1970 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
1971 along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
1977 paragraph-separate: "[
\f]*$"