1 GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes.
3 Copyright (C) 2014-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 See the end of the file for license conditions.
6 Please send Emacs bug reports to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.
7 If possible, use M-x report-emacs-bug.
9 This file is about changes in Emacs version 25.
11 See file HISTORY for a list of GNU Emacs versions and release dates.
12 See files NEWS.24, NEWS.23, NEWS.22, NEWS.21, NEWS.20, NEWS.19, NEWS.18,
13 and NEWS.1-17 for changes in older Emacs versions.
15 You can narrow news to a specific version by calling `view-emacs-news'
16 with a prefix argument or by typing C-u C-h C-n.
19 +++ indicates that all necessary documentation updates are complete.
20 (This means all relevant manuals in doc/ AND lisp doc-strings.)
21 --- means no change in the manuals is needed.
22 When you add a new item, use the appropriate mark if you are sure it applies,
23 otherwise leave it unmarked.
26 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.2
29 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.2
32 * Changes in Emacs 25.2
35 ** The networking code has been reworked so that it's more
36 asynchronous than it was (when specifying :nowait t in
37 `make-network-process'). How asynchronous it is varies based on the
38 capabilities of the system, but on a typical GNU/Linux system the DNS
39 resolution, the connection, and (for TLS streams) the TLS negotiation
40 are all done without blocking the main Emacs thread. To get
41 asynchronous TLS, the TLS boot parameters have to be passed in (see
42 the manual for details).
44 Certain process oriented functions (like `process-datagram-address')
45 will block until socket setup has been performed. The recommended way
46 to deal with asynchronous sockets is to avoid interacting with them
47 until they have changed status to "run". This is most easily done
48 from a process sentinel.
50 ** `make-network-stream' has always allowed :service to be specified
51 as a "number string" (i.e., :service "993") when using gethostbyname,
52 but has required using a real number (i.e., :service 993) on systems
53 without gethostbyname. This difference has now been eliminated, and
54 you can use "number strings" on all systems.
56 ** It is possible to disable attempted recovery on fatal signals
58 Two new variables allow to disable attempts to recover from stack
59 overflow and to avoid automatic auto-save when Emacs is delivered a
60 fatal signal. `attempt-stack-overflow-recovery', if set to `nil',
61 will disable attempts to recover from C stack overflows; Emacs will
62 then crash as with any other fatal signal.
63 `attempt-orderly-shutdown-on-fatal-signal', if set to `nil', will
64 disable attempts to auto-save the session and shut down in an orderly
65 fashion when Emacs receives a fatal signal; instead, Emacs will
66 terminate immediately. Both variables are non-`nil' by default.
67 These variables are for users who would like to avoid the small
68 probability of data corruption due to techniques Emacs uses to recover
72 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.2
75 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
80 *** A new `s' command for switching to another eww buffer via the minibuffer.
83 *** The `o' command (`shr-save-contents') has moved to `O' to avoid collision
84 with the `o' command from `image-map'.
87 ** The commands that add ChangeLog entries now prefer a VCS root directory
88 for the ChangeLog file, if none already exists. Customize
89 `change-log-directory-files' to nil for the old behavior.
92 ** Support for non-string values of `time-stamp-format' has been removed.
97 *** New connection method "sg", which allows to edit files under
101 *** New connection method "doas" for OpenBSD hosts.
104 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
107 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
110 ** Resizing a frame no longer runs `window-configuration-change-hook'.
111 Put your function on `window-size-change-functions' instead.
114 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
116 ** New var syntax-ppss-table to control the syntax-table used in syntax-ppss
118 ** Autoload files can be generated without timestamps,
119 by setting `autoload-timestamps' to nil.
121 ** `ert-with-function-mocked' of 'ert-x package allows mocking of functions
125 ** New functions `window-pixel-width-before-size-change' and
126 `window-pixel-height-before-size-change' allow to detect which window
127 changed size when `window-size-change-functions' are run.
130 * Changes in Emacs 25.2 on Non-Free Operating Systems
132 ** Intercepting hotkeys on Windows 7 and later now works better.
133 The new keyboard hooking code properly grabs system hotkeys such as
134 Win-* and Alt-TAB, in a way that Emacs can get at them before the
135 system. This makes the `w32-register-hot-key' functionality work
136 again on all versions of MS-Windows starting with Windows 7. On
137 Windows NT and later you can now register any hotkey combination. (On
138 Windows 9X, the previous limitations, spelled out in the Emacs manual,
142 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.1
145 ** Building Emacs now requires C99 or later.
148 ** Building Emacs now requires GNU make, version 3.81 or later.
151 ** New configure option --with-cairo.
152 This builds Emacs with Cairo drawing. As a side effect, it provides
153 support for built-in printing, when Emacs was built with GTK+.
154 Cairo drawing is an experimental feature in Emacs, and subject to
155 change in future releases.
158 ** New configure option --with-modules.
159 This enables support for loading dynamic modules; see below.
162 ** By default, Emacs no longer works on IRIX. We expect that Emacs
163 users are not affected by this, as SGI stopped supporting IRIX in
164 December 2013. If you are affected, please send a bug report. You
165 should be able to work around the problem either by porting the Emacs
166 undumping code to GCC under IRIX, or by configuring --with-wide-int,
167 or by sticking with Emacs 24.4.
170 ** The Emacs garbage collector assumes GC_MARK_STACK == GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS.
171 The GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS stack-marking variant has been the default
172 since Emacs 24.4, and the other variants were undocumented and were
173 obstacles to maintenance and development. GC_MARK_STACK and its
174 related symbols have been removed from the C internals.
177 ** 'configure' now prefers gnustep-config when configuring GNUstep.
178 If gnustep-config is not available, the old heuristics are used.
181 ** 'configure' now prefers inotify to gfile for file notification,
182 unless gfile is explicitly requested via --with-file-notification='gfile'.
185 ** 'configure' detects the kqueue file notification library on *BSD
186 and Mac OS X machines.
189 ** The configure option '--with-pkg-config-prog' has been removed.
190 Use './configure PKG_CONFIG=/full/name/of/pkg-config' if you need to.
193 ** The configure option '--with-mmdf' has been removed.
194 It was no longer useful, as it relied on libraries that are no longer
195 supported, and its presence led to confusion during configuration.
196 This affects only the 'movemail' utility; Emacs itself can still
197 process MMDF-format files as before.
200 ** The configure option '--enable-silent-rules' is now the default,
201 and silent rules are now quieter. To get the old behavior where
202 'make' chatters a lot, configure with '--disable-silent-rules' or
203 build with 'make V=1'.
206 ** The configure option '--with-gameuser' now allows you to specify a
207 group instead of a user if its argument is prefixed by ':' (a colon).
208 This will cause the game score files in ${localstatedir}/games/emacs
209 to be owned by that group, and the helper program for updating them to
210 be installed setgid. The option now defaults to the 'games' group.
213 ** The `grep-changelog' script (and its manual page) are no longer included.
214 It has no particular connection to Emacs and has not changed in years,
215 so if you want to use it, you can always take a copy from an older Emacs.
218 ** Emacs 25 comes with a new set of icons.
219 Various resolutions are available as etc/images/icons/hicolor/*/apps/emacs.png.
220 The old Emacs logo icons are available as `emacs23.png' in the same location.
223 ** New make target `check-expensive' to run additional tests.
224 This includes all tests which run via "make check", plus additional
225 tests which take more time to perform.
228 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.1
231 ** When Emacs is given a file as a command line argument and
232 `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, display both the file and
233 `initial-buffer-choice'. When Emacs is given more than one file and
234 `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, show `initial-buffer-choice'
235 and *Buffer List*. This makes Emacs convenient to use from the
236 command line when `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil.
239 ** The value of ‘initial-scratch-message’ is now treated as a doc string
240 and can contain escape sequences for command keys, quotes, and the like.
243 * Changes in Emacs 25.1
246 ** Xwidgets: a new feature for embedding native widgets inside Emacs buffers.
247 If you have gtk3 and webkitgtk3 installed, and Emacs was built with
248 xwidget support, you can access the embedded webkit browser with `M-x
249 xwidget-webkit-browse-url'. This opens a new buffer with the embedded
250 browser. The buffer will have a new mode, `xwidget-webkit-mode'
251 (similar to `image-mode'), which supports the webkit widget.
254 *** New functions for xwidget-webkit mode `xwidget-webkit-insert-string',
255 `xwidget-webkit-adjust-size-dispatch', `xwidget-webkit-back',
256 `xwidget-webkit-browse-url', `xwidget-webkit-reload',
257 `xwidget-webkit-current-url', `xwidget-webkit-scroll-backward',
258 `xwidget-webkit-scroll-forward', `xwidget-webkit-scroll-down',
259 `xwidget-webkit-scroll-up'.
262 ** Emacs can now load shared/dynamic libraries (modules).
263 A dynamic Emacs module is a shared library that provides additional
264 functionality for use in Emacs Lisp programs, just like a package
265 written in Emacs Lisp would. The functions `load', `require',
266 `load-file', etc. were extended to load such modules, as they do with
267 Emacs Lisp packages. The new variable `module-file-suffix' holds the
268 system-dependent value of the file-name extension (`.so' on Posix
269 hosts) of the module files.
271 A module should export a C-callable function named
272 `emacs_module_init', which Emacs will call as part of the call to
273 `load' or `require' which loads the module. It should also export a
274 symbol named `plugin_is_GPL_compatible' to indicate that its code is
275 released under the GPL or compatible license; Emacs will refuse to
276 load modules that don't export such a symbol.
278 If a module needs to call Emacs functions, it should do so through the
279 API defined and documented in the header file `emacs-module.h'. Note
280 that any module that provides Lisp-callable functions will have to use
281 Emacs functions such as `fset' and `funcall', in order to register its
282 functions with the Emacs Lisp interpreter.
284 Modules can create `user-ptr' Lisp objects that embed pointers to C
285 struct's defined by the module. This is useful for keeping around
286 complex data structures created by a module, to be passed back to the
287 module's functions. User-ptr objects can also have associated
288 "finalizers" -- functions to be run when the object is GC'ed; this is
289 useful for freeing any resources allocated for the underlying data
290 structure, such as memory, open file descriptors, etc. A new
291 predicate `user-ptrp' returns non-nil if its argument is a `user-ptr'
294 Loadable modules in Emacs are an experimental feature, and subject to
295 change in future releases. For that reason, their support is disabled
296 by default, and must be enabled by using the `--with-modules' option
300 ** A second dir-local file (.dir-locals-2.el) is now accepted.
301 See the variable `dir-locals-file-2' for more information.
304 ** Network security (TLS/SSL certificate validity and the like) is
305 added via the new Network Security Manager (NSM) and controlled via
306 the `network-security-level' variable.
309 ** International domain names (IDNA) are now encoded via the new
310 puny.el library, so that one can visit web sites like
311 "http://méxico.icom.museum".
314 ** C-h l now also lists the commands that were run.
316 ** The new M-s M-w key binding uses eww to search the web for the
320 ** The new `timer-list' command lists all active timers in a buffer
321 where you can cancel them with the `c' command.
323 ** M-x suggests shorthands and ignores obsolete commands for completion.
324 ** x-select-enable-clipboard is renamed select-enable-clipboard.
325 x-select-enable-primary and renamed select-enable-primary.
326 Additionally they both now apply to all systems (OSX, GNUstep, Windows, you
327 name it), with the proviso that on some systems (e.g. Windows)
328 select-enable-primary is ineffective since the system doesn't
329 have the equivalent of a primary selection.
332 ** New option `switch-to-buffer-in-dedicated-window' allows you to
333 customize how `switch-to-buffer' proceeds interactively when the
334 selected window is strongly dedicated to its buffer.
337 ** The option `even-window-heights' has been renamed to
338 `even-window-sizes' and now handles window widths as well.
341 ** New function `read-multiple-choice' use to prompt for
342 multiple-choice questions, with a handy way to display help texts.
345 ** terpri gets an optional arg ENSURE to conditionally output a newline.
348 ** `insert-register' now leaves point after the inserted text
349 when called interactively. A prefix argument toggles this behavior.
352 ** The new variable `term-file-aliases' replaces some files from lisp/term.
353 The function `tty-run-terminal-initialization' consults this variable
354 when deciding what terminal-specific initialization code to run.
357 ** New variable `system-configuration-features', listing some of the
358 main features that Emacs was compiled with. This is mainly intended
359 for use in Emacs bug reports.
362 ** A password is now hidden also when typed in batch mode. Another
363 hiding character but the default `.' can be used by let-binding the
364 variable `read-hide-char'.
367 ** New input methods: `tamil-dvorak' and `programmer-dvorak'.
370 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.1
373 ** M-x suggests shorthands and ignores obsolete commands for completion.
378 *** Successive single-char deletions are collapsed in the undo-log just like
379 successive char insertions. Which commands invoke this behavior is
380 controlled by the new `undo-auto-amalgamate' function. See the node
381 "Undo" in the ELisp manual for more details.
384 *** The heuristic used to insert `undo-boundary' after each command
385 has changed, so that if a command causes changes in more than just the
386 current buffer, Emacs now calls `undo-boundary' in every buffer
387 affected by the command.
390 ** New command `comment-line' bound to `C-x C-;'.
392 ** New and improved facilities for inserting Unicode characters
395 *** Unicode names entered via C-x 8 RET now use substring completion by default.
398 *** C-x 8 now has shorthands for these chars: ‐ ‑ ‒ – — ― ‘ ’ “ ” † ‡ • ′ ″
399 € № ← → ↔ − ≈ ≠ ≤ ≥. As before, you can type C-x 8 C-h to list shorthands.
402 *** New minor mode electric-quote-mode for quoting ‘like this’ and “like this”
403 as you type. See also the new variable ‘text-quoting-style’.
406 ** New minor mode global-eldoc-mode is enabled by default.
409 ** Emacs now uses "bracketed paste mode" on text terminals that support it.
410 Bracketed paste mode causes text terminals to wrap pasted text in special
411 escape sequences that allow Emacs to tell the difference between text
412 you type and text you paste from other applications. Emacs then
413 avoids interpreting each character in the pasted text as it does with
414 keyboard input, which results in a paste experience similar to that
415 under a window system, and significant performance improvements when
416 pasting large amounts of text.
418 Bracketed paste mode is disabled by default, so Emacs automatically
419 enables it at startup if the terminal supports it.
422 ** Emacs now supports the latest version of the UBA.
423 The Emacs implementation of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm (UBA)
424 was updated to support all the latest additions and changes introduced
425 in Unicode Standard versions 6.3, 7.0, and the latest Unicode 8.0.
426 This includes full support for directional isolates and the
427 Bidirectional Parentheses Algorithm (BPA) specified by these Unicode
431 ** You can access `mouse-buffer-menu' (C-down-mouse-1) using C-f10.
434 ** New buffer-local `electric-pair-local-mode'.
437 ** New variable `fast-but-imprecise-scrolling' inhibits
438 fontification during full screen scrolling operations, giving less
439 hesitant operation during auto-repeat of C-v, M-v at the cost of
440 possible inaccuracies in the end position.
443 ** New documentation command `describe-symbol'.
444 Works for functions, variables, faces, etc. It is bound to `C-h o' by
448 ** New function `custom-prompt-customize-unsaved-options' checks for
449 unsaved customizations and prompts user to customize (if found). It
450 is intended for adding to 'kill-emacs-query-functions'.
453 ** The old `C-x w' bindings in hi-lock-mode are officially deprecated
454 in favor of the global `M-s h' bindings introduced in Emacs-23.1.
455 They'll disappear soon.
458 ** New bindings for 'query-replace-map'.
459 `undo', undo the last replacement; bound to `u'.
460 `undo-all', undo all replacements; bound to `U'.
463 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
468 *** New command `checkdoc-package-keywords' checks if the
469 current package keywords are recognized. Set the new option
470 `checkdoc-package-keywords-flag' to non-nil to make
471 `checkdoc-current-buffer' call this function automatically.
474 *** New function `checkdoc-file' checks for style errors.
475 It's meant for use together with `compile':
476 emacs -batch --eval "(checkdoc-file \"subr.el\")"
481 *** The desktop format version has been upgraded from 206 to 208.
482 Although Emacs 25.1 can read a version 206 desktop, earlier Emacsen
483 cannot read a version 208 desktop. To upgrade your desktop file, you
484 must explicitly request the upgrade, by C-u M-x desktop-save. You are
485 recommended to do this as soon as you have firmly upgraded to Emacs
486 25.1 (or later). Should you ever need to downgrade your desktop file
487 to version 206, you can do this with C-u C-u M-x desktop-save.
490 ** New function `bookmark-set-no-overwrite' bound to C-x r M.
491 It raises an error if a bookmark of that name already exists,
492 unlike `bookmark-set' which silently updates an existing bookmark.
497 *** New user options `mm-html-inhibit-images' and `mm-html-blocked-images'
498 now control how mm-* functions fetch and display images in an HTML
499 message. Gnus still uses `gnus-inhibit-images' and `gnus-blocked-images'
500 for that purpose, i.e., binds mm-html- variables with those gnus-
501 variables, but other packages do not have to bind gnus- variables now.
504 *** `mm-inline-text-html-with-images' has been removed.
505 Use `mm-html-inhibit-images' instead. Note that the value is opposite
511 *** `imap-ssl-program' has been removed, and imap.el uses the internal
512 GnuTLS encryption functions if possible.
517 *** `json-pretty-print' and `json-pretty-print-buffer' now maintain
518 the ordering of object keys by default.
521 *** New commands `json-pretty-print-ordered' and
522 `json-pretty-print-buffer-ordered' pretty prints JSON objects with
523 object keys sorted alphabetically.
526 ** Prog mode has some support for multi-mode indentation.
527 This allows better indentation support in modes that support multiple
528 programming languages in the same buffer, like literate programming
529 environments or ANTLR programs with embedded Python code.
531 A major mode can provide indentation context for a sub-mode through
532 the `prog-indentation-context' variable. To support this, modes that
533 provide indentation should use `prog-widen' instead of `widen' and
534 `prog-first-column' instead of a literal zero. See the node
535 "Mode-Specific Indent" in the ELisp manual for more details.
537 ** Prettify Symbols mode
540 *** Prettify Symbols mode supports custom composition predicates. By
541 overriding the default `prettify-symbols-compose-predicate', modes can
542 specify in which contexts a symbol may be displayed as some Unicode
543 character. `prettify-symbols-default-compose-p' is the default which
544 is suitable for most programming languages such as C or Lisp (but not
548 *** Symbols can be unprettified while point is inside them.
549 New variable `prettify-symbols-unprettify-at-point' configures this.
551 ** Enhanced xterm support
554 *** The new variable `xterm-screen-extra-capabilities' for configuring xterm.
555 This variable tells Emacs which advanced capabilities are available in
556 the xterm terminal emulator used to display Emacs text-mode frames.
557 The default is to check each capability, and use it if available.
558 (This variable was introduced in Emacs 24.1, but was not announced in
562 *** Killing text now also sets the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection
563 in the surrounding GUI (using the OSC-52 escape sequence). This only works
564 if your xterm supports it and enables the `allowWindowOps' options (disabled
565 by default at least in Debian, for security reasons).
567 Similarly, you can yank the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection (using the OSC-52
568 escape sequence) if your xterm has the feature enabled but for that you
569 additionally need to add `getSelection' to `xterm-extra-capabilities'.
572 *** `xterm-mouse-mode' now supports mouse-tracking (if your xterm supports it).
575 ** The `save-place' variable is replaced by `save-place-mode'.
580 *** ERC can now hide message types by network or channel.
581 `erc-hide-list' will hide all messages of the specified type, while
582 `erc-network-hide-list' and `erc-channel-hide-list' will only hide the
583 specified message types for the respective specified targets.
585 *** New variable `erc-default-port-tls' used to connect to TLS IRC
589 *** Reconnection is now asynchronous.
592 *** Nick completion is now case-insensitive again after inadvertently
593 being made case-sensitive in Emacs 24.2.
598 *** New commands, key binds, and menu items.
600 **** `<' and `>' for navigating previous and next tracks in playlist
602 **** New play/pause command `mpc-toggle-play' bound to `s'
604 **** `g' bound to new command `mpc-seek-current' will navigate current
607 **** New commands `mpc-toggle-{consume,repeat,single,shuffle}' for
608 toggling playback modes.
611 *** Now supports connecting to a UNIX domain socket.
614 *** Looks at more image file names to use as album art.
615 Case-insensitively tries for .folder.png (freedesktop) and folder.jpg
616 (XP) in addition to cover.jpg.
619 *** Searches in more locations for MPD configuration files.
620 MPD supports the XDG base directory specification since version 0.17.6.
625 *** `midnight-mode' is now a proper minor mode.
628 *** clean-buffer-*-regexps can now specify buffers via predicate functions.
633 *** New "external" package status.
634 An external package is any installed package that's not built-in and
635 not from `package-user-dir', which usually means it's from an entry in
636 `package-directory-list'. They are treated much like built-in
637 packages, in that they cannot be deleted through the package menu and
638 are not considered for upgrades.
640 The effect is that a user can manually place a specific version of a
641 package inside `package-directory-list' and the package menu will
645 *** If a package is available on multiple archives and one has higher
646 priority (as per `package-archive-priorities') only that one is
647 listed. This can be configured with `package-menu-hide-low-priority'.
650 *** `package-menu-toggle-hiding' now toggles the hiding of packages.
651 This includes the above-mentioned low-priority packages, as well as
652 available packages whose version is lower than the currently installed
653 version (which were previously impossible to display).
654 This allows users to downgrade a package if a lower version is
658 *** When filtering the package menu, keywords starting with "arc:" or
659 "status:" represent package archive or status, respectively, instead
663 *** Most functions which involve downloading information now take an
664 ASYNC argument. If it is non-nil, package.el performs the download(s)
668 *** New variable `package-menu-async' controls whether the
669 package-menu uses asynchronous downloads.
672 *** `package-install-from-buffer' and `package-install-file' work on directories.
673 This follows the same rules as installing from a .tar file, except the
674 -pkg file is optional.
677 *** Packages which are dependencies of other packages cannot be deleted.
678 The FORCE argument to `package-delete' overrides this.
681 *** New custom variable `package-selected-packages' tracks packages
682 which were installed by the user (as opposed to installed as
683 dependencies). This variable can also be manually customized.
686 *** New command `package-install-selected-packages' installs all
687 packages from `package-selected-packages' which are currently missing.
690 *** New command `package-autoremove' removes all packages which were
691 installed strictly as dependencies but are no longer needed.
696 When you invoke `shell' interactively, the *shell* buffer will now
697 display in a new window. However, you can customize this behavior via
698 the `display-buffer-alist' variable. For example, to get
699 the old behavior -- *shell* buffer displays in current window -- use
700 (add-to-list 'display-buffer-alist
701 '("^\\*shell\\*$" . (display-buffer-same-window))).
705 *** The `:protection' slot option is not obeyed any more.
707 *** The `newname' argument to constructors is optional&deprecated.
708 If you need your objects to be named, do it by inheriting from `eieio-named'.
710 *** The <class>-list-p and <class>-child-p functions are declared obsolete.
712 *** The <class> variables are declared obsolete.
714 *** The <initarg> variables are declared obsolete.
716 *** defgeneric and defmethod are declared obsolete.
717 Use the equivalent facilities from cl-generic.el instead.
719 *** `constructor' is now an obsolete alias for `make-instance'.
720 --- `pcase' accepts a new UPattern `eieio'.
725 *** New command `ido-bury-buffer-at-head' bound to C-S-b
726 Bury the buffer at the head of `ido-matches', analogous to how C-k
727 kills the buffer at head.
730 *** A prefix argument to `ido-restrict-to-matches' will reverse its
731 meaning, and the list is restricted to those elements that do not
732 match the current input.
737 *** You can use <UP> and <DOWN> arrow keys to move through history by lines.
738 The new commands `next-line-or-history-element' and
739 `previous-line-or-history-element', bound to <UP> and <DOWN> in the
740 minibuffer, allow by-line movement through minibuffer history,
741 similarly to an ordinary buffer. Only when point moves over
742 the bottom/top of the minibuffer it goes to the next/previous history
743 element. `M-p' and `M-n' still move directly to previous/next history
746 ** Search and Replace
749 *** `isearch' and `query-replace' can now perform character folding in matches.
750 Isearch does that by default, while `query-replace' will do that if
751 the new variable `replace-character-fold' is customized to a non-nil
752 value. This is analogous to case folding, but instead of disregarding
753 case variants, it disregards wider classes of distinctions between
754 similar characters. (Case folding is a special case of character
755 folding.) This means many characters in the search string will match
756 entire groups of characters instead of just themselves.
758 For instance, the " will match all variants of double quotes (like “
759 and ”), and the letter a will match all of its accented cousins, even
760 those composed of multiple characters, as well as many other symbols
763 Character folding is enabled by customizing `search-default-mode' to
764 the value `character-fold-to-regexp'. If you want to turn character
765 folding off, customize the value of `search-default-mode' to the `nil'
766 value. You can also toggle character folding in the middle of a
767 search by typing `M-s ''.
770 *** New user option `search-default-mode'.
771 This option specifies the default mode for Isearch. The default
772 value, `character-fold-to-regexp' specifies that Isearch should fold
773 characters when searching.
776 *** New function `character-fold-to-regexp' can be used
777 by searching commands to produce a regexp matching anything that
778 character-folds into STRING.
781 *** The new M-s M-w key binding uses eww to search the web for the
782 text in the region. The search engine to use for this is specified by
783 the customizable variable `eww-search-prefix'.
786 *** Query-replace history is enhanced.
787 When query-replace reads the FROM string from the minibuffer, typing
788 `M-p' will now show previous replacements as "FROM SEP TO", where FROM
789 and TO are the original text and its replacement, and SEP is an arrow
790 string defined by the new variable `query-replace-from-to-separator'.
791 To select a prior replacement, type `M-p' until the desired
792 replacement appears in the minibuffer, and then exit the minibuffer by
797 *** If `quick-calc' is called with a prefix argument, insert the
798 result of the calculation into the current buffer.
801 ** In Edebug, you can now set the initial mode with C-x C-a C-m. With
802 this you can tell Edebug not to stop at the start of the first
803 instrumented function.
808 *** New minor mode `global-eldoc-mode'
809 It is turned on by default, and affects `*scratch*' and other buffers
810 whose major mode supports Emacs Lisp.
813 *** `eldoc-documentation-function' now defaults to `ignore'
816 *** `describe-char-eldoc' displays information about character at point,
817 and can be used as a default value of `eldoc-documentation-function'. It is
818 useful when, for example, one needs to distinguish various spaces (e.g. ] [,
819 ] [, ] [, etc.) while using mono-spaced font.
824 *** HTML can now be rendered using variable-width fonts.
827 *** A new command `F' (`eww-toggle-fonts') can be used to toggle
828 whether to use variable-pitch fonts or not. The user can also
829 customize the `shr-use-fonts' variable.
832 *** A new command `C' (`eww-toggle-colors') can be used to toggle
833 whether to use the HTML-specified colors or not. The user can also
834 customize the `shr-use-colors' variable.
837 *** A new command `R' (`eww-readable') will try do identify the main
838 textual parts of a web page and display only that, leaving menus and
839 the like off the page.
842 *** Images that are being loaded are now marked with grey
843 "placeholder" images of the size specified by the HTML. They are then
844 replaced by the real images asynchronously, which will also now
845 respect width/height HTML specs (unless they specify widths/heights
846 bigger than the current window).
849 *** You can now use several eww buffers in parallel by renaming eww
850 buffers you want to keep separate.
853 *** Partial state of the eww buffers (the URIs and the titles of the
854 pages visited) is now preserved in the desktop file.
857 *** `eww-after-render-hook' is now called after eww has rendered
858 the data in the buffer.
861 *** The `eww-reload' command now takes a prefix to not reload via
862 the net, but just use the local copy of the HTML.
865 *** The DOM shr and eww uses has been changed to the general Emacs
866 xml.el/libxml2 DOM, and a new package dom.el has been added to
867 interact with this DOM. See the Emacs Lisp manual for interface
871 *** `mailcap-mime-data' is now consulted when displaying PDF files.
874 *** The new `S' command will list all eww buffers, and allow managing
878 *** https pages with valid certificates have headers marked in green, while
879 invalid certificates are marked in red.
884 *** text/html messages that contain inline image parts will be
885 transformed into multipart/related messages before sending.
888 *** The `message-valid-fqdn-regexp' variable has been removed, since
889 there are now top-level domains added all the time. Message will no
890 longer warn about sending emails to top-level domains it hasn't heard
893 *** `message-beginning-of-line' (bound to C-a) understands folded headers.
894 In `visual-line-mode' it will look for the true beginning of a header
895 while in non-`visual-line-mode' it will move the point to the indented
899 ** In Show Paren Mode, a parenthesis can be highlighted when point
900 stands inside it, and certain parens can be highlighted when point is
901 at BOL or EOL, or in whitespace there. To enable these, customize,
902 respectively, `show-paren-when-point-inside-paren' or
903 `show-paren-when-point-in-periphery'.
906 ** If gpg2 exists on the system, it is now used as the default value
907 of `epg-gpg-program' (instead of gpg).
912 *** Images are automatically scaled before displaying based on the
913 `image-scaling-factor' variable (if Emacs supports scaling the images
917 *** Images inserted with `insert-image' and related functions get a
918 keymap put into the text properties (or overlays) that span the
919 image. This keymap binds keystrokes for manipulating size and
920 rotation, as well as saving the image to a file. These commands are
921 also available in `image-mode'.
924 *** A new library for creating and manipulating SVG images has been
925 added. See the "SVG Images" section in the lispref manual for
929 *** New setf-able function to access and set image parameters is
930 provided: `image-property'.
936 *** Strings after `:documentation' are highlighted as docstrings.
937 This enhances Lisp mode fontification to handle documentation of the
938 form `(:documentation "the doc string")' used in Common Lisp code for
939 CLOS class and slot documentation.
944 *** Rectangle Mark mode can have corners past EOL or in the middle of a TAB.
947 *** C-x C-x in rectangle-mark-mode now cycles through the four corners.
948 *** `string-rectangle' provides on-the-fly preview of the result.
951 ** New font-lock functions `font-lock-ensure' and `font-lock-flush'.
952 These should be used in preference to `font-lock-fontify-buffer' when
956 ** Macro `minibuffer-with-setup-hook' can optionally append a function
957 to `minibuffer-setup-hook'.
959 If the first argument of the macro is of the form `(:append FUN)',
960 then FUN will be appended to `minibuffer-setup-hook', instead of
965 *** New functions `cl-fresh-line', `cl-digit-char-p', and `cl-parse-integer'.
968 *** `pcase' accepts the new UPattern `cl-struct'.
970 ** Calendar and diary
973 *** The default `diary-file' is now located in .emacs.d.
976 *** New commands to insert diary entries with Chinese dates:
977 `diary-chinese-insert-anniversary-entry' `diary-chinese-insert-entry'
978 `diary-chinese-insert-monthly-entry', `diary-chinese-insert-yearly-entry'.
981 *** The calendar can now list and mark diary entries with Chinese dates.
982 See `diary-chinese-list-entries' and `diary-chinese-mark-entries'.
985 *** The option `calendar-mode-line-format' can now be nil,
986 which means to do nothing special with the mode line in calendars.
989 *** New option `calendar-weekend-days'.
990 The option customizes which day headers receive the
991 `calendar-weekend-header' face.
994 *** New optional args N and STRING for ‘holiday-greek-orthodox-easter’.
997 *** Many items obsolete since at least version 23.1 have been removed.
998 The majority were function/variable/face aliases, too numerous to list here.
1001 **** Functions `calendar-one-frame-setup', `calendar-only-one-frame-setup',
1002 `calendar-two-frame-setup', `european-calendar', `american-calendar'.
1004 **** Hooks `cal-menu-load-hook', `cal-x-load-hook'.
1006 **** Macro `calendar-for-loop'.
1008 **** Variables `european-calendar-style', `diary-face', `hebrew-holidays-{1,4}'.
1010 **** The nil and list forms of `diary-display-function'.
1013 ** New ERT function `ert-summarize-tests-batch-and-exit'.
1014 If the output of ERT tests in batch mode execution can be saved to a
1015 log file, then it can be passed as an argument to the above function
1016 to produce a neat summary.
1019 ** New js.el option `js-indent-first-init'.
1020 It was renamed from `js-indent-first-initialiser', to avoid issues
1021 with American vs British spelling.
1026 ** Info mode now displays symbol names in fixed-pitch font.
1027 If you want to get the old behavior back, customize the `Info-quoted'
1028 face to use the same definitions as the default face.
1031 *** `Info-fontify-maximum-menu-size' can be t for no limit.
1034 *** `info-display-manual' can now be given a prefix argument which (any
1035 non-nil value) directs the command to limit the completion
1036 alternatives to currently visited manuals.
1039 ** ntlm.el has support for NTLM2.
1044 *** The Rmail commands `d', `C-d' and `u' take optional repeat counts
1045 to delete or undelete multiple messages.
1048 *** Rmail can now render HTML mail messages if your Emacs was built with
1049 libxml2 or if you have the Lynx browser installed. By default, Rmail
1050 will display the HTML version of a mail message that has both HTML and
1051 plain text parts, if display of HTML email is possible; customize the
1052 `rmail-mime-prefer-html' option to `nil' if you don't want that.
1055 *** In the commands that make summaries by subject, recipients, or senders,
1056 you can no longer use commas to separate regular expressions.
1059 ** SES now supports local printer functions; see `ses-define-local-printer'.
1061 ** Shell-script Mode
1063 *** In sh-mode you can now use `sh-shell' as a file-local variable to
1064 specify the type of shell in use (bash, csh, etc).
1067 *** New value `always' for `sh-indent-after-continuation'.
1068 This provides old-style ("dumb") indentation of continued lines.
1069 See the doc string of `sh-indent-after-continuation' for details.
1073 *** Fatal TLS errors are now silent by default.
1076 *** If Emacs isn't built with TLS support, an external TLS-capable
1077 program is used instead. This program used to be run in --insecure
1078 mode by default, but has now changed to be secure instead, and will
1079 fail if you try to connect to non-verifiable hosts. This is
1080 controlled by the `tls-program' variable.
1085 *** The URL package accepts now the protocols "ssh", "scp" and "rsync".
1086 When `url-handler-mode' is enabled, file operations for these
1087 protocols as well as for "telnet" and "ftp" are passed to Tramp.
1090 *** The URL package allows customizing the `url-user-agent' string.
1091 The new `url-user-agent' variable can be customized to be a string or
1095 *** The new interface variable `url-request-noninteractive' can be used
1096 to specify that we're running in a noninteractive context, and that
1097 we should not be queried about things like TLS certificate validity.
1100 *** If URL is used with a https connection, the first callback argument
1101 plist will contain a :peer element that has the output of
1102 `gnutls-peer-status' (if Emacs is built with GnuTLS support).
1105 *** The new function `url-cookie-delete-cookie' can be used to
1106 programmatically delete all cookies, or cookies from a specific
1112 *** New connection method "afp", which allows you to access Mac OS X
1113 volumes via the Apple Filing Protocol.
1116 *** New connection method "nc", which allows you to access dumb
1120 *** Method-specific parameters can be overwritten now with variable
1121 `tramp-connection-properties'.
1124 *** Handler for `file-notify-valid-p' for remote machines that support
1125 filesystem notifications.
1130 *** New user variable `sql-default-directory' enables remote
1131 connections using Tramp.
1134 *** New command `sql-send-line-and-next'.
1135 This command, bound to `C-c C-n' by default, sends the current line to
1136 the SQL process and advances to the next line, skipping whitespace and
1140 *** Added support for Vertica SQL.
1142 ** VC and related modes
1145 *** Basic push support, via `vc-push', bound to `C-x v P'.
1146 Implemented for Bzr, Git, Hg. As part of this change, the pre-existing
1147 (undocumented) command vc-hg-push now behaves slightly differently.
1150 *** The new command vc-region-history shows the log+diff of the active region.
1153 *** You can refresh the VC state of a file buffer with `M-x vc-refresh-state'.
1154 This command is useful when you perform version control commands
1155 outside Emacs (e.g., from the shell prompt), or if you switch the VC
1156 back-end for the buffer's file, or remove it from version control.
1159 *** New option `vc-annotate-background-mode' controls whether
1160 the color range from `vc-annotate-color-map' is applied to the
1161 background or to the foreground.
1164 *** `compare-windows' now compares text with the most recently selected window
1165 instead of the next window. If you want the previous behavior of
1166 comparing with the next window, customize the new option
1167 `compare-windows-get-window-function' to the value
1168 `compare-windows-get-next-window'.
1171 *** Two new faces `compare-windows-removed' and `compare-windows-added'
1172 replace the face `compare-windows', which is now an obsolete alias for
1173 `compare-windows-added'.
1176 *** The VC state indicator in the mode line now has different faces
1177 corresponding to each of the possible states. See the `vc-faces'
1178 customization group.
1181 *** `log-edit-insert-changelog' converts "(tiny change)" to
1182 "Copyright-paperwork-exempt: yes". Set `log-edit-rewrite-tiny-change'
1183 nil to disable this.
1186 ** VHDL mode now supports VHDL'08.
1191 *** Decimal display mode uses "," groups, so it's more
1192 fitting for use in money calculations
1195 *** Factorial works with non-integer inputs.
1200 *** Hide-IfDef mode now support full C/C++ expressions in macros,
1201 macro argument expansion, interactive macro evaluation and automatic
1202 scanning of #define'd symbols.
1205 *** New command `hif-evaluate-macro', bound to `C-c @ e', displays the
1206 result of evaluating a macro.
1209 *** New command `hif-clear-all-ifdef-define', bound to `C-c @ C', clears
1210 all defined symbols in `hide-ifdef-env'.
1213 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-header-regexp' to define C/C++ header
1214 file name patterns. Defaults to files whose extension is one of `.h',
1215 `.hh', `.hpp', `.hxx', or `.h++', matched case-insensitively.
1218 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-expand-reinclusion-protection' to prevent
1219 reinclusion protected (a.k.a. "idempotent") header files from being hidden.
1220 (This could happen when an idempotent header file is visited again,
1221 when its guard symbol is already defined.) Defaults to `t'.
1224 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-exclude-define-regexp' to define symbol
1225 name patterns (e.g. all "FOR_DOXYGEN_ONLY_*") to be ignored when
1226 looking for macro definitions. By default, no symbols are ignored.
1231 *** New custom variable `tex-print-file-extension' to help users who
1232 use PDF instead of DVI.
1235 *** TeX mode now supports Prettify Symbols mode. When enabling
1236 `prettify-symbols-mode' in a tex-mode buffer, \alpha ... \omega, and
1237 many other math macros are displayed using unicode characters.
1240 ** New `big-indent' style in `whitespace-mode' highlights deep indentation.
1241 By default, 32 consecutive spaces or four consecutive TABs are
1242 considered to be too deep, but the new variable
1243 `whitespace-big-indent-regexp' can be customized to change that.
1246 ** New options in `tildify-mode'.
1247 New options `tildify-space-string', `tildify-pattern', and
1248 `tildify-foreach-region-function' variables make
1249 `tildify-string-alist', `tildify-pattern-alist', and
1250 `tildify-ignored-environments-alist' variables (as well as a few
1251 helper functions) obsolete.
1254 ** New package Xref replaces Etags's front-end and UI
1256 The new package Xref provides a generic framework and new commands to
1257 find and move to definitions of functions, macros, data structures
1258 etc., as well as go back to the location where you were before moving
1259 to a definition. It supersedes and obsoletes many Etags commands,
1260 while still using the etags.el code that reads the TAGS tables as one
1263 The command `xref-find-definitions' replaces `find-tag' and provides
1264 an interface to pick one definition among several.
1265 `tags-loop-continue' is now unbound. `xref-pop-marker-stack' replaces
1266 `pop-tag-mark', but has a keybinding (`M-,') different from the one
1267 `pop-tag-mark' used.
1269 `xref-find-definitions-other-window' replaces `find-tag-other-window'.
1270 `xref-find-definitions-other-frame' replaces `find-tag-other-frame'.
1271 `xref-find-apropos' replaces `find-tag-regexp'.
1273 As a result of this, the following commands are now obsolete:
1274 `find-tag-other-window', `find-tag-other-frame', `find-tag-regexp',
1277 `tags-loop-continue' is not obsolete because it's still useful in
1278 `tags-search' and `tags-query-replace', for which there are no direct
1282 *** Variants of `tags-search' and `tags-query-replace' in Dired were also
1283 replaced by xref-style commands, see the "Dired" section below.
1288 `find-tag-marker-ring-length' is now an obsolete alias for
1289 `xref-marker-ring-length'. `find-tag-marker-ring' is now an obsolete
1290 alias for a private variable. `xref-push-marker-stack' and
1291 `xref-pop-marker-stack' should be used instead to manipulate the stack
1292 of searches for definitions.
1295 *** `xref-find-definitions' and `describe-function' now display
1296 information about mode local overrides (defined by cedet/mode-local.el
1297 `define-overloadable-function' `define-mode-local-overrides').
1299 The framework's Lisp API is still experimental and can change in major,
1300 backward-incompatible ways.
1303 ** New package Project
1305 The new package Project provides generic infrastructure for dealing
1306 with projects. The main commands included in it are
1307 `project-find-file' and `project-find-regexp'.
1309 The Lisp API of this package is still experimental.
1312 EUDC's LDAP backend has been improved.
1315 *** EUDC supports LDAP-over-SSL URLs (ldaps://).
1318 *** EUDC passes LDAP passwords through a pipe to the ldapsearch
1319 subprocess instead of on the command line.
1322 *** EUDC handles LDAP wildcards automatically so the user shouldn't
1323 need to configure this manually anymore.
1326 *** The LDAP configuration section of EUDC's manual has been
1329 There have also been customization changes.
1332 *** New custom variable `eudc-server-hotlist' to allow specifying
1333 multiple EUDC servers in init file.
1336 *** Custom variable `eudc-inline-query-format' defaults to completing
1337 on email and firstname instead of surname.
1340 *** Custom variable `eudc-expansion-overwrites-query' defaults to nil
1341 to avoid interfering with the kill ring.
1344 *** Custom variable `eudc-inline-expansion-format' defaults to
1345 "Firstname Surname <mail-address>".
1348 *** Custom variable `eudc-options-file' defaults to
1349 "~/.emacs.d/eudc-options".
1352 *** New custom variable `ldap-ldapsearch-password-prompt-regexp' to
1353 allow overriding the regular expression that recognizes the ldapsearch
1354 command line's password prompt.
1357 EUDC's BBDB backend now supports BBDB 3.
1360 EUDC's PH backend (eudcb-ph.el) is obsolete.
1365 *** The new built-in command `clear' can scroll window contents out of sight.
1366 If provided with an optional non-nil argument, the scrollback contents will be cleared.
1369 *** New buffer syntax '#<buffer-name>', which is equivalent to
1370 '#<buffer buffer-name>'. This shorthand makes interacting with
1371 buffers from eshell more convenient. Custom variable
1372 `eshell-buffer-shorthand', which has been broken for a while, has been
1376 *** By default, eshell "visual" program buffers (created by
1377 `eshell-visual-commands' and similar custom vars) are no longer killed
1378 when their processes die. This fixes issues with short-lived commands
1379 and makes visual programs more useful in general. For example, if
1380 "git log" is a visual command, it will always show the visual command
1381 buffer, even if the "git log" process dies. For the old behavior,
1382 make the new option `eshell-destroy-buffer-when-process-dies' non-nil.
1387 *** Support for the Google Chrome web browser.
1390 *** Support for the Conkeror web browser.
1393 *** Support for several ancient browsers is now officially obsolete.
1396 ** tar-mode: new `tar-new-entry' command, allowing for new members to
1397 be added to the archive.
1400 ** Autorevert: dired buffers are also auto-reverted via file
1401 notifications, if Emacs is compiled with file notification support.
1403 ** File Notifications
1406 *** The kqueue library is integrated for *BSD and Mac OS X machines.
1409 *** The new event `stopped' signals, that a file notification watch is
1410 not active any longer.
1413 *** The new function `file-notify-valid-p' checks, whether a file
1414 notification descriptor still corresponds to an activate watch.
1419 *** The command `dired-do-compress' bound to `Z' now can compress
1420 directories and decompress zip files.
1423 *** New command `dired-do-compress-to' bound to `c' can be used to
1424 compress many marked files into a single named archive. The
1425 compression command is determined from the new
1426 `dired-compress-files-alist' variable.
1429 *** `W' is now bound to `browse-url-of-dired-file', and is useful for
1430 viewing HTML files and the like.
1432 *** New user interface for the `A' and `Q' commands.
1433 These keys, now bound to `dired-do-find-regexp' and
1434 `dired-do-find-regexp-and-replace', work similarly to `xref-find-apropos'
1435 and `xref-query-replace-in-results': they present the matches
1436 in the `*xref*' buffer and let you move through the matches. No need
1437 to use `tags-loop-continue' to resume the search or replace loop. The
1438 previous commands, `dired-do-search' and
1439 `dired-do-query-replace-regexp', are still available, but not bound to
1440 keys; rebind `A' and `Q' to invoke them if you want the old behavior
1441 back. We intend to obsolete the old commands in a future release.
1443 ** Tabulated List Mode
1446 *** It is now safe for a mode that derives `tabulated-list-mode' to not
1447 call `tabulated-list-init-header', in which case it will have no
1451 *** `tabulated-list-print' takes a second optional argument, update,
1452 which specifies an alternative printing method which is faster when
1453 few or no entries have changed.
1455 ** Obsolete packages
1461 *** landmark.el (moved to elpa.gnu.org)
1464 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
1467 ** pinentry.el allows GnuPG passphrase to be prompted through the
1468 minibuffer instead of a graphical dialog, depending on whether the gpg
1469 command is called from Emacs (i.e., INSIDE_EMACS environment variable
1470 is set). This feature requires newer versions of GnuPG (2.1.5 or
1471 later) and Pinentry (0.9.5 or later). To use this feature, add
1472 "allow-emacs-pinentry" to "~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf" and reload the
1473 configuration with "gpgconf --reload gpg-agent".
1476 ** cl-generic.el provides CLOS-style multiple-dispatch generic functions.
1477 The main entry points are `cl-defgeneric' and `cl-defmethod'. See the
1478 node "Generic Functions" in the Emacs Lisp manual for more details.
1481 ** scss-mode (a minor variant of css-mode) is a major mode for editing
1482 SCSS (Sassy CSS) files.
1485 ** let-alist is a new macro (and a package) that allows one to easily
1486 let-bind the values stored in an alist.
1489 ** `tildify-mode' allows automatic insertion of hard spaces as one
1490 types the text. Breaking line after a single-character words is
1491 forbidden by Czech and Polish typography (and may be discouraged in
1492 other languages), so `auto-tildify-mode' makes it easier to create
1493 a typographically-correct documents.
1496 ** The `seq' library adds sequence manipulation functions and macros
1497 that complement basic functions provided by subr.el. All functions
1498 are prefixed with `seq-' and work on lists, strings and vectors.
1499 `pcase' accepts a new Upattern `seq'.
1502 ** The `map' library provides map-manipulation functions that work on
1503 alists, hash-table and arrays. All functions are prefixed with
1504 `map-'. `pcase' accepts a new UPattern `map'.
1507 ** The `thunk' library provides functions and macros to control the
1508 evaluation of forms.
1511 ** js-jsx-mode (a minor variant of js-mode) provides indentation
1512 support for JSX, an XML-like syntax extension to ECMAScript.
1515 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
1518 ** `setq' and `setf' must now be called with an even number of
1519 arguments. The earlier behavior of silently supplying a nil to the
1520 last variable when there was an odd number of arguments has been
1524 ** `syntax-begin-function' is declared obsolete.
1525 Removed font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function and the SYNTAX-BEGIN
1526 slot in font-lock-defaults.
1529 ** `package-initialize' now sets `package-enable-at-startup' to nil if
1530 called during startup. Users who call this function in their init
1531 file and still expect it to be run after startup should set
1532 `package-enable-at-startup' to t after the call to
1533 `package-initialize'.
1536 ** `:global' minor mode use `setq-default' rather than `setq'.
1537 This means that you can't use `make-local-variable' and expect them to
1538 "magically" become buffer-local.
1541 ** `track-mouse' no longer freezes the shape of the mouse pointer.
1542 The `track-mouse' form no longer refrains from changing the shape of
1543 the mouse pointer for the entire time the body of that form is
1544 executed. Lisp programs that use `track-mouse' for dragging across
1545 large portions of the Emacs display, and want to avoid changes in the
1546 pointer shape during dragging, should bind the variable `track-mouse'
1547 to the special value `dragging' in the body of the form.
1550 ** The optional `predicate' argument of `lisp-complete-symbol' no longer
1551 has any effect. (This change was made in Emacs 24.4 but was not
1552 advertised at the time.)
1555 ** `indirect-function' does not signal `void-function' any more.
1556 This is mostly a bug-fix, since this change was missed back in 24.4 when
1557 symbol-function was changed not to signal `void-function' any more.
1560 *** As a consequence, the second arg of `indirect-function' is now obsolete.
1563 ** Comint, term, and compile do not set the EMACS env var any more.
1564 Use the INSIDE_EMACS environment variable instead.
1566 ** `C-up', `C-down', `C-left' and `C-right' are now defined in term
1567 mode to send the same escape sequences that xterm does. This makes
1568 things like forward-word in readline work.
1571 ** hideshow mode got four key bindings that are analogous to outline
1572 mode bindings: `C-c @ C-a', `C-c @ C-t', `C-c @ C-d', and `C-c @ C-e.'
1575 ** `save-excursion' does not save&restore the mark any more.
1576 Use `save-mark-and-excursion' if you want the old behavior.
1579 ** `read-buffer' and `read-buffer-function' can now be called with a 4th
1580 argument (`predicate').
1583 ** `completion-table-dynamic' by default stays in the minibuffer.
1584 The minibuffer will be the current buffer when the function is called.
1585 If you want the old behavior of calling the function in the buffer
1586 from which the minibuffer was entered, use the new argument
1587 `switch-buffer' to `completion-table-dynamic'.
1590 ** window-configurations no longer record the buffers' marks.
1593 ** inhibit-modification-hooks now also inhibits lock-file checks, as well as
1594 active region handling.
1597 ** deactivate-mark is now buffer-local.
1600 ** `cl-the' now asserts that its argument is of the given type.
1603 ** `process-running-child-p' may now return a numeric process
1604 group ID instead of `t'.
1607 ** Mouse click events on mode line or header line no longer include
1608 any reference to a buffer position. The 6th member of the mouse
1609 position list returned for such events is now nil.
1612 ** Menu items in keymaps do not support the "key shortcut cache" any more.
1613 These slots used to hold key-shortcut data, but have been obsolete since
1617 ** Emacs no longer downcases the first letter of a system diagnostic
1618 when signaling a file error. For example, it now reports "Permission
1619 denied" instead of "permission denied". The old behavior was problematic
1620 in languages like German where downcasing rules depend on grammar.
1623 ** New variable ‘text-quoting-style’ to control how Emacs translates quotes.
1624 Set it to ‘curve’ for curved single quotes ‘like this’, to ‘straight’
1625 for straight apostrophes 'like this', and to ‘grave’ for grave accent
1626 and apostrophe `like this'. The default value nil acts like ‘curve’
1627 if curved single quotes are displayable, and like ‘grave’ otherwise.
1628 The new variable affects display of diagnostics and help, but not of info.
1631 ** substitute-command-keys now replaces quotes.
1632 That is, it converts documentation strings’ quoting style as per the
1633 value of ‘text-quoting-style’. Doc strings in source code can use
1634 either curved single quotes or grave accents and apostrophes. As
1635 before, characters preceded by \= are output as-is.
1638 ** Message-issuing functions ‘error’, ‘message’, etc. now convert quotes.
1639 They use the new ‘format-message’ function instead of plain ‘format’,
1640 so that they now follow user preference as per ‘text-quoting-style’
1641 when processing curved single quotes, grave accents, and apostrophes
1642 in their format argument.
1645 ** The character classes [:alpha:] and [:alnum:] in regular expressions
1646 now match multibyte characters using Unicode character properties.
1647 If you want the old behavior where they matched any character with
1648 word syntax, use `\sw' instead.
1651 ** The character classes [:graph:] and [:print:] in regular expressions
1652 no longer match every multibyte character. Instead, Emacs now
1653 consults the Unicode character properties to determine which
1654 characters are graphic or printable. In particular, surrogates and
1655 unassigned codepoints are now rejected. If you want the old behavior,
1656 use [:multibyte:] instead.
1659 ** The `diff' command uses the unified format now. To restore the old
1660 behavior, set `diff-switches' to `-c'.
1663 ** `grep-template' and `grep-find-template' values don't include the
1664 --color argument anymore. It's added at the <C> place holder position
1665 dynamically. Any third-party code that changes these templates should
1666 be updated accordingly.
1669 ** ‘(/ N)’ is now equivalent to ‘(/ 1 N)’ rather than to ‘(/ N 1)’.
1670 The new behavior is compatible with Common Lisp and with XEmacs.
1671 This change does not affect Lisp code intended to be portable to
1672 Emacs 24.2 and earlier, which did not support unary ‘/’.
1675 ** The `default-directory' value doesn't have to end slash. To make
1676 that happen, `unhandled-file-name-directory' now defaults to calling
1677 `file-name-as-directory'.
1680 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
1684 *** New UPatterns `quote', `app'.
1686 *** New UPatterns can be defined with `pcase-defmacro'.
1688 *** New vector QPattern.
1691 ** syntax-propertize is now automatically called on-demand during forward
1692 parsing functions like `forward-sexp'.
1695 ** New hooks `prefix-command-echo-keystrokes-functions' and
1696 `prefix-command-preserve-state-hook' allow the definition of prefix
1697 commands other than the predefined `C-u'.
1700 ** New functions `filepos-to-bufferpos' and `bufferpos-to-filepos'.
1701 These allow conversion between buffer positions and the corresponding
1702 file byte offsets, given the file's encoding.
1705 ** The default value of `load-read-function' is now `read'.
1706 Previously, the default value of `nil' implied using `read'.
1709 ** New hook `pre-redisplay-functions'.
1710 It is a bit easier to use than `pre-redisplay-function'.
1713 ** The second arg of `looking-back' should always be provided explicitly.
1714 Previously, it was an optional argument, now it's mandatory.
1717 ** Text properties `intangible', `point-entered', and `point-left' are obsolete.
1718 Replaced by properties `cursor-intangible' and `cursor-sensor-functions',
1719 implemented by the new `cursor-intangible-mode' and
1720 `cursor-sensor-mode' minor modes.
1723 ** `inhibit-point-motion-hooks' now defaults to `t' and is obsolete.
1724 Use the new minor modes `cursor-intangible-mode' and
1725 `cursor-sensor-mode' instead.
1728 ** New process type `pipe', which can be used in combination with the
1729 `:stderr' keyword of make-process to handle standard error output
1733 ** New function `make-process' provides an alternative interface to
1734 `start-process'. It allows programs to set process parameters such as
1735 process filter, sentinel, etc., through keyword arguments (similar to
1736 `make-network-process').
1739 ** A new function `directory-files-recursively' returns all matching
1740 files (recursively) under a directory.
1743 ** New variable `inhibit-message', when bound to non-nil, inhibits
1744 `message' and related functions from displaying messages in the echo
1745 area. The output is still logged to the *Messages* buffer.
1748 ** A new text property `inhibit-read-only' can be used in read-only
1749 buffers to allow certain parts of the text to be writable.
1752 ** A new variable `comment-end-can-be-escaped' is useful in languages
1753 such as C and C++ where line comments with escaped newlines are
1754 continued to the next line.
1757 ** New macro `define-advice'.
1760 ** Emacs Lisp now supports generators.
1761 See the "Generators" section of the ELisp manual for the details.
1764 ** New finalizer facility for running code when objects become unreachable.
1765 See the "Finalizer Type" subsection in the ELisp manual for the
1769 ** lexical closures can use (:documentation FORM) to build their docstring.
1770 It should be placed right where the docstring would be, and FORM is then
1771 evaluated (and should return a string) when the closure is built.
1774 ** The new command `fortune-message' has been added, which displays
1775 fortunes in the echo area.
1778 ** define-inline provides a new way to define inlinable functions.
1781 ** New function `macroexpand-1' to perform a single step of macro expansion.
1784 ** Some "x-*" functions were obsoleted and/or renamed:
1785 *** x-select-text is renamed gui-select-text.
1786 *** x-selection-value is renamed gui-selection-value.
1787 *** x-get-selection is renamed gui-get-selection.
1788 *** x-get-clipboard and x-clipboard-yank are marked obsolete.
1789 *** x-get-selection-value is renamed to gui-get-primary-selection.
1790 *** x-set-selection is renamed to gui-set-selection
1793 ** New function `string-greaterp', which return the opposite result of
1797 ** The new functions `string-collate-lessp' and `string-collate-equalp'
1798 preserve the collation order as defined by the system's locale(1)
1799 environment. For the time being this is implemented for modern POSIX
1800 systems and for MS-Windows, for other systems they fall back to their
1801 counterparts `string-lessp' and `string-equal'.
1804 ** The new function `string-version-lessp' compares strings by
1805 interpreting consecutive runs of numerical characters as numbers, and
1806 compares their numerical values. According to this predicate,
1807 "foo2.png" is smaller than "foo12.png".
1810 *** The ls-lisp package uses `string-collate-lessp' to sort file names.
1811 The effect is that, on systems that use ls-lisp for Dired, the default
1812 sort order of the files in Dired is now different from what it was in
1813 previous versions of Emacs. In particular, the file names are sorted
1814 disregarding punctuation, accents, and diacritics, and letter case is
1815 ignored. For example, files whose name begin with a period will no
1816 longer appear near the beginning of the directory listing. If you
1817 want the old, locale-independent sorting, customize the new option
1818 `ls-lisp-use-string-collate' to the nil value.
1821 *** The MS-Windows specific variable `w32-collate-ignore-punctuation',
1822 if set to a non-nil value, causes the above 2 functions to ignore
1823 symbol and punctuation characters when collating strings. This
1824 emulates the behavior of modern Posix platforms when the locale's
1825 codeset is "UTF-8" (as in "en_US.UTF-8"). This is needed because
1826 MS-Windows doesn't support UTF-8 as codeset in its locales.
1829 ** New function `alist-get', which is also a valid place (aka lvalue).
1832 ** New function `funcall-interactively', which works like `funcall'
1833 but makes `called-interactively-p' treat the function as (you guessed it)
1834 called interactively.
1837 ** New function `function-put' to use instead of `put' for function properties.
1840 ** The new function `bidi-find-overridden-directionality' allows you to
1841 find characters whose directionality was, perhaps maliciously,
1842 overridden by directional override control characters. Lisp programs
1843 can use this to detect potential phishing of URLs and other links that
1844 exploits bidirectional display reordering.
1847 ** The new function `buffer-substring-with-bidi-context' allows you to
1848 copy a portion of a buffer into a different location while preserving
1849 the visual appearance both of the copied text and the text at
1850 destination, even when the copied text includes mixed bidirectional
1851 text and directional control characters.
1854 ** New properties that can be specified with `declare':
1855 *** (interactive-only INSTEAD), says to use INSTEAD for non-interactive use.
1856 *** (pure VAL), if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function is pure.
1857 *** (side-effect-free VAL), if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function does not
1861 ** New macro `with-file-modes', for evaluating expressions with default file
1862 permissions set to temporary values (e.g., for creating private files).
1865 ** You can access the slots of structures using `cl-struct-slot-value'.
1868 ** Function `sort' can deal with vectors.
1871 ** Function `system-name' now returns an updated value if the current
1872 system's name has changed or if the Emacs process has changed systems,
1873 and to avoid long waits it no longer consults DNS to canonicalize the
1874 name. The variable `system-name' is now obsolete.
1877 ** Function `write-region' no longer outputs "Wrote FILE" in batch mode.
1880 ** If `pwd' is called with a prefix argument, insert the current default
1884 ** New functions return extended information about fonts and faces.
1887 *** The function `font-info' now returns more details about a font.
1888 In particular, it now returns the average width of the font's
1889 characters, which can be used for geometry-related calculations.
1892 *** A new function `default-font-width' returns the average width of a
1893 character in the current buffer's default font. If the default face
1894 is remapped (see `face-remapping-alist'), the value for the remapped
1895 face is returned. This function complements the existing function
1896 `default-font-height'.
1899 *** New functions `window-font-height' and `window-font-width' return
1900 the height and average width of characters in a specified face and
1901 window. If FACE is remapped (see `face-remapping-alist'), the
1902 function returns the information for the remapped face.
1905 *** A new function `window-max-chars-per-line' returns the maximal
1906 number of characters that can be displayed on one line. If a face
1907 and/or window are provided, these values are used for the
1908 calculation. This function is different from `window-body-width' in
1909 that it accounts for (i) continuation glyphs, (ii) the size of the
1910 font, and (iii) the specified window.
1913 ** New utilities in subr-x.el:
1914 *** New macros `if-let' and `when-let' allow defining bindings and to
1915 execute code depending whether all values are true.
1916 *** New macros `thread-first' and `thread-last' allow threading a form
1917 as the first or last argument of subsequent forms.
1920 ** Documentation strings now support quoting with curved single quotes
1921 ‘like-this’ in addition to the old style with grave accent and
1922 apostrophe `like-this'. The new style looks better on today's displays.
1923 In the new Electric Quote mode, you can enter curved single quotes
1924 into documentation by typing ` and '. Outside Electric Quote mode,
1925 you can enter them by typing ‘C-x 8 [’ and ‘C-x 8 ]’, or (if your Alt
1926 key works) by typing ‘A-[’ and ‘A-]’. As described above under
1927 ‘text-quoting-style’, the user can specify how to display doc string
1931 ** New function ‘format-message’ is like ‘format’ and also converts
1932 curved single quotes, grave accents and apostrophes as per
1933 ‘text-quoting-style’.
1936 ** show-help-function's arg is converted via substitute-command-keys
1937 before being passed to the function. Help strings, help-echo
1938 properties, etc. can therefore contain command key escapes and
1942 ** Time-related changes:
1944 *** Time conversion functions now accept an optional ZONE argument
1945 that specifies the time zone rules for conversion. ZONE is omitted or
1946 nil for Emacs local time, t for Universal Time, ‘wall’ for system wall
1947 clock time, or a string as in ‘set-time-zone-rule’ for a time zone
1948 rule. The affected functions are ‘current-time-string’,
1949 ‘current-time-zone’, ‘decode-time’, and ‘format-time-string’. The
1950 function ‘encode-time’, which already accepted a simple time zone rule
1951 argument, has been extended to accept all the new forms.
1953 *** Time-related functions now consistently accept numbers
1954 (representing seconds since the epoch) and nil (representing the
1955 current time) as well as the usual list-of-integer representation.
1956 Affected functions include `current-time-string', `current-time-zone',
1957 `decode-time', `float-time', `format-time-string', `seconds-to-time',
1958 `time-add', `time-less-p', `time-subtract', `time-to-day-in-year',
1959 `time-to-days', and `time-to-seconds'.
1961 *** The `encode-time-value' and `with-decoded-time-value' macros have
1964 *** `calendar-next-time-zone-transition', `time-add', and
1965 `time-subtract' no longer return time values in the obsolete and
1966 undocumented integer-pair format. Instead, they return a list of two
1970 ** New function `set-binary-mode' allows switching a standard stream
1971 of the Emacs process to binary I/O mode.
1974 ** The new function `directory-name-p' can be used to check whether a file
1975 name (as returned from, for instance, `file-name-all-completions') is
1976 a directory file name. It returns non-nil if the last character in
1977 the name is a directory separator character (forward slash on GNU and
1978 Unix systems, forward- or backslash on MS-Windows and MS-DOS).
1981 ** ASCII approximations to curved quotes are put in standard-display-table
1982 if the terminal cannot display curved quotes.
1985 ** Standard output and error streams now transliterate characters via
1986 standard-display-table, and encode output using locale-coding-system.
1987 To force a specific encoding, bind `coding-system-for-write' to the
1988 coding-system of your choice when invoking functions like `prin1' and
1992 ** New var `truncate-string-ellipsis' to choose how to indicate truncation.
1995 ** New possible value for `system-type': `nacl'.
1996 This is used by Google's Native Client (NaCl).
1998 ** Miscellaneous name change
2001 For consistency with the usual Emacs spelling, the Lisp variable
2002 `hfy-optimisations' has been renamed to `hfy-optimizations'.
2003 The old name should still work, as an obsolescent alias.
2005 ** Changes in Frame- and Window- Handling
2008 *** Emacs can now draw horizontal scroll bars on some platforms that
2009 provide toolkit scroll bars, namely Gtk+, Lucid, Motif and Windows.
2010 Horizontal scroll bars are turned off by default.
2012 **** New function `horizontal-scroll-bars-available-p' telling whether
2013 horizontal scroll bars are available on the underlying system.
2015 **** New mode `horizontal-scroll-bar-mode' to toggle horizontal scroll
2016 bars on all existing and future frames.
2018 **** New function `toggle-horizontal-scroll-bar' to toggle horizontal
2019 scroll bars on the selected frame.
2021 **** New frame parameters `horizontal-scroll-bars' and
2022 `scroll-bar-height' to set horizontal scroll bars and their height
2023 for individual frames and in `default-frame-alist'.
2025 **** New functions `frame-scroll-bar-height' and
2026 `window-scroll-bar-height' return the height of horizontal scroll
2027 bars on a specific frame or window.
2029 **** `set-window-scroll-bars' now accepts five parameters where the last
2030 two specify height and type of the window's horizontal scroll bar.
2032 **** `window-scroll-bars' now returns type and sizes of horizontal scroll
2035 **** New buffer-local variables `horizontal-scroll-bar' and
2036 `scroll-bar-height'.
2039 *** New functions `frame-geometry' and `frame-edges' give access to a
2043 *** New functions `mouse-absolute-pixel-position' and
2044 `set-mouse-absolute-pixel-position' get/set screen coordinates of the
2048 *** The function `window-edges' now accepts three additional arguments to
2049 retrieve body, absolute and pixel edges of the window.
2052 *** The functions `window-inside-edges', `window-inside-pixel-edges' and
2053 `window-inside-absolute-pixel-edges' have been renamed to respectively
2054 `window-body-edges', `window-body-pixel-edges' and
2055 `window-absolute-body-pixel-edges'. The old names are kept as aliases.
2058 *** New function `window-absolute-pixel-position' to get the screen
2059 coordinates of a visible buffer position.
2062 *** The height of a frame's menu and tool bar are no longer counted in the
2063 frame's text height. This means that the text height stands only for
2064 the height of the frame's root window plus that of the echo area (if
2065 present). This was already the behavior for frames with external tool
2066 and menu bars (like in the Gtk builds) but has now been extended to all
2070 *** Frames now do not necessarily preserve the number of columns or lines
2071 they display when setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or
2072 scroll bars. In particular, maximized and fullscreen frames are
2073 conceptually never resized if such settings change. For fullheight and
2074 fullwidth frames, the behavior may depend on the toolkit used.
2075 **** New option `frame-inhibit-implied-resize' if non-nil, means that
2076 setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or scroll bars of a
2077 specific frame does not resize that frame in order to preserve the
2078 number of columns or lines it displays.
2081 *** New function `window-preserve-size' allows you to preserve the size of
2082 a window without "fixing" it. It's supported by `fit-window-to-buffer',
2083 `temp-buffer-resize-mode' and `display-buffer'.
2086 *** New `display-buffer' action function `display-buffer-use-some-frame'.
2087 This displays the buffer in an existing frame other than the current
2088 frame, and allows the caller to specify a frame predicate to exclude
2092 *** New minor mode `window-divider-mode' and options
2093 `window-divider-default-places', `window-divider-default-bottom-width'
2094 and `window-divider-default-right-width'.
2097 ** Tearoff menus and detachable toolbars for Gtk+ have been removed.
2098 Those features have been deprecated in Gtk+ for a long time.
2103 *** etags no longer qualifies class members by default.
2105 By default, `etags' will not qualify class members for C-like
2106 object-oriented languages with their class names and namespaces, and
2107 will remove qualifications used explicitly in the code from the tag
2108 names it puts in TAGS files. This is so the etags.el back-end for
2109 `xref-find-definitions' is more accurate and produces less false
2112 Use --class-qualify (-Q) if you want the old default behavior of
2113 qualifying class members in C++, Java, and Objective C. Note that
2114 using -Q might make some class members become "unknown" to `M-.'
2115 (`xref-find-definitions'); if so, you can use `C-u M-.' to specify the
2116 qualified names by hand.
2119 *** New language Ruby
2121 Names of modules, classes, methods, functions, and constants are
2122 tagged. Overloaded operators are also tagged.
2126 Names of packages, functions, and types are tagged.
2129 *** Improved support for Lua
2131 Etags now tags functions even if the "function" keyword follows some
2132 whitespace at line beginning.
2135 * Changes in Emacs 25.1 on Non-Free Operating Systems
2138 ** MS-Windows specific Emacs build scripts are no longer in the distribution
2139 This includes the makefile.w32-in files in various subdirectories, and
2140 the support files. The file nt/configure.bat now just tells the user
2141 to use the procedure described in nt/INSTALL, by running the Posix
2142 `configure' script in the top-level directory.
2145 ** Building Emacs for MS-Windows requires at least Windows XP
2146 or Windows Server 2003. The built binaries still run on all versions
2147 of Windows starting with Windows 9X.
2150 ** Emacs running on MS-Windows now supports the daemon mode.
2153 ** The byte counts in etags-generated TAGS files are now the same on
2154 MS-Windows as they are on other platforms.
2157 ** On OS X, configure creates a Cocoa ("Nextstep") build by default.
2158 Pass '--without-ns' to configure to create an X11 build, the old default.
2161 ** OS X 10.5 or older is no longer supported.
2164 ** OS X on PowerPC is no longer supported.
2167 ** New variable `ns-use-fullscreen-animation' controls animation for
2168 non-native NS fullscreen. The default is nil. Set to t to enable
2169 animation when entering and leaving fullscreen. For native OSX fullscreen
2173 ** The new function 'w32-application-type' returns the type of an
2174 MS-Windows application given the name of its executable program file.
2176 ** New variable `w32-pipe-buffer-size'.
2177 It can be used to tune the size of the buffer of pipes created for
2178 communicating with subprocesses, when the program run by a subprocess
2179 exhibits unusual buffering behavior. Default is zero, which lets the
2180 OS use its default size.
2183 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
2184 This file is part of GNU Emacs.
2186 GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
2187 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
2188 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
2189 (at your option) any later version.
2191 GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
2192 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
2193 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
2194 GNU General Public License for more details.
2196 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
2197 along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
2203 paragraph-separate: "[
\f]*$"