]> code.delx.au - spectrwm/blobdiff - spectrwm.c
oops, killed a d on the way out
[spectrwm] / spectrwm.c
index 606dcbe4ed9cfd11c72bfd872e837aa0350f3f74..e202f9c11fb131598a827e99f636dbb87d6639c3 100644 (file)
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2009 Pierre-Yves Ritschard <pyr@spootnik.org>
  * Copyright (c) 2010 Tuukka Kataja <stuge@xor.fi>
  * Copyright (c) 2011 Jason L. Wright <jason@thought.net>
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Reginald Kennedy <rk@rejii.com>
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2013 Reginald Kennedy <rk@rejii.com>
  * Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Lawrence Teo <lteo@lteo.net>
  * Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Tiago Cunha <tcunha@gmx.com>
- * Copyright (c) 2012 David Hill <dhill@mindcry.org>
+ * Copyright (c) 2012-2013 David Hill <dhill@mindcry.org>
  *
  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@
 #include <locale.h>
 #include <paths.h>
 #include <pwd.h>
+#include <regex.h>
 #include <signal.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -141,6 +142,7 @@ static const char   *buildstr = SPECTRWM_VERSION;
 #define xcb_icccm_get_wm_class_reply_t         xcb_get_wm_class_reply_t
 #define xcb_icccm_get_wm_class_reply_wipe      xcb_get_wm_class_reply_wipe
 #define xcb_icccm_get_wm_hints                 xcb_get_wm_hints
+#define xcb_icccm_wm_hints_get_urgency         xcb_wm_hints_get_urgency
 #define xcb_icccm_get_wm_hints_reply           xcb_get_wm_hints_reply
 #define        xcb_icccm_get_wm_name                   xcb_get_wm_name
 #define xcb_icccm_get_wm_name_reply            xcb_get_wm_name_reply
@@ -243,9 +245,20 @@ u_int32_t          swm_debug = 0
 #define SH_INC_W(w)            (w)->sh.width_inc
 #define SH_INC_H(w)            (w)->sh.height_inc
 #define SWM_MAX_FONT_STEPS     (3)
-#define WINID(w)               ((w) ? (w)->id : 0)
+#define WINID(w)               ((w) ? (w)->id : XCB_WINDOW_NONE)
+#define WS_FOCUSED(ws)         ((ws)->r && (ws)->r->s->r_focus == (ws)->r)
 #define YESNO(x)               ((x) ? "yes" : "no")
 
+/* Constrain Window flags */
+#define SWM_CW_RESIZABLE       (0x01)
+#define SWM_CW_SOFTBOUNDARY    (0x02)
+#define SWM_CW_HARDBOUNDARY    (0x04)
+#define SWM_CW_RIGHT           (0x10)
+#define SWM_CW_LEFT            (0x20)
+#define SWM_CW_BOTTOM          (0x40)
+#define SWM_CW_TOP             (0x80)
+#define SWM_CW_ALLSIDES                (0xf0)
+
 #define SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT      (0)
 #define SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW       (1)
 #define SWM_FOCUS_MANUAL       (2)
@@ -269,14 +282,11 @@ xcb_atom_t                a_state;
 xcb_atom_t             a_prot;
 xcb_atom_t             a_delete;
 xcb_atom_t             a_takefocus;
-xcb_atom_t             a_wmname;
-xcb_atom_t             a_netwmname;
 xcb_atom_t             a_utf8_string;
-xcb_atom_t             a_string;
 xcb_atom_t             a_swm_iconic;
 xcb_atom_t             a_swm_ws;
-volatile sig_atomic_t   running = 1;
-volatile sig_atomic_t   restart_wm = 0;
+volatile sig_atomic_t  running = 1;
+volatile sig_atomic_t  restart_wm = 0;
 xcb_timestamp_t                last_event_time = 0;
 int                    outputs = 0;
 int                    other_wm;
@@ -288,6 +298,7 @@ Display                     *display;
 xcb_connection_t       *conn;
 xcb_key_symbols_t      *syms;
 
+int                    boundary_width = 50;
 int                    cycle_empty = 0;
 int                    cycle_visible = 0;
 int                    term_width = 0;
@@ -334,10 +345,10 @@ double                    dialog_ratio = 0.6;
 #define SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_CENTER (1)
 #define SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_RIGHT  (2)
 #define SWM_BAR_OFFSET         (4)
-#define SWM_BAR_FONTS          "-*-terminus-medium-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*," \
-                               "-*-profont-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"      \
-                               "-*-times-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"    \
-                               "-misc-fixed-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"  \
+#define SWM_BAR_FONTS          "-*-terminus-medium-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"\
+                               "-*-profont-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"\
+                               "-*-times-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"\
+                               "-misc-fixed-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"\
                                "-*-*-*-r-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*"
 
 #ifdef X_HAVE_UTF8_STRING
@@ -362,10 +373,11 @@ int                bar_justify = SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_LEFT;
 char            *bar_format = NULL;
 int             stack_enabled = 1;
 int             clock_enabled = 1;
+int             iconic_enabled = 0;
 int             urgent_enabled = 0;
 char           *clock_format = NULL;
-int             title_name_enabled = 0;
-int             title_class_enabled = 0;
+int             window_class_enabled = 0;
+int             window_instance_enabled = 0;
 int             window_name_enabled = 0;
 int             focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT;
 int             focus_close = SWM_STACK_BELOW;
@@ -442,7 +454,6 @@ struct ws_win {
        unsigned long           quirks;
        struct workspace        *ws;    /* always valid */
        struct swm_screen       *s;     /* always valid, never changes */
-       xcb_get_geometry_reply_t        *wa;
        xcb_size_hints_t        sh;
        xcb_icccm_get_wm_class_reply_t  ch;
        xcb_icccm_wm_hints_t    hints;
@@ -560,6 +571,7 @@ union arg {
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSNEXT   (0)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSPREV   (1)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSMAIN   (2)
+#define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSURGENT (3)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_SWAPNEXT    (10)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_SWAPPREV    (11)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_SWAPMAIN    (12)
@@ -577,6 +589,8 @@ union arg {
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLERG_DOWN        (43)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_UP_ALL      (44)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_DOWN_ALL    (45)
+#define SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_MOVE_UP     (46)
+#define SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_MOVE_DOWN   (47)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_STACKINC    (50)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_STACKDEC    (51)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_SS_ALL      (60)
@@ -601,8 +615,12 @@ union arg {
 /* quirks */
 struct quirk {
        TAILQ_ENTRY(quirk)      entry;
-       char                    *class;
-       char                    *name;
+       char                    *class;         /* WM_CLASS:class */
+       char                    *instance;      /* WM_CLASS:instance */
+       char                    *name;          /* WM_NAME */
+       regex_t                 regex_class;
+       regex_t                 regex_instance;
+       regex_t                 regex_name;
        unsigned long           quirk;
 #define SWM_Q_FLOAT            (1<<0)  /* float this window */
 #define SWM_Q_TRANSSZ          (1<<1)  /* transiend window size too small */
@@ -610,6 +628,8 @@ struct quirk {
 #define SWM_Q_XTERM_FONTADJ    (1<<3)  /* adjust xterm fonts when resizing */
 #define SWM_Q_FULLSCREEN       (1<<4)  /* remove border */
 #define SWM_Q_FOCUSPREV                (1<<5)  /* focus on caller */
+#define SWM_Q_NOFOCUSONMAP     (1<<6)  /* Don't focus on window when mapped. */
+#define SWM_Q_FOCUSONMAP_SINGLE        (1<<7)  /* Only focus if single win of type. */
 };
 TAILQ_HEAD(quirk_list, quirk);
 struct quirk_list              quirks = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(quirks);
@@ -652,33 +672,33 @@ struct ewmh_hint {
        char            *name;
        xcb_atom_t      atom;
 } ewmh[SWM_EWMH_HINT_MAX] =    {
-    /* must be in same order as in the enum */
-    {"_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_CLOSE_WINDOW", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_MOVERESIZE_WINDOW", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_ACTION_ABOVE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_ACTION_CLOSE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_ACTION_FULLSCREEN", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_ACTION_MOVE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_ACTION_RESIZE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_ALLOWED_ACTIONS", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_NAME", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_STATE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_STATE_MAXIMIZED_HORZ", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_STATE_MAXIMIZED_VERT", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_STATE_SKIP_PAGER", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_STATE_SKIP_TASKBAR", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NORMAL", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
-    {"_SWM_WM_STATE_MANUAL", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       /* must be in same order as in the enum */
+       {"_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_CLOSE_WINDOW", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_MOVERESIZE_WINDOW", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_ACTION_ABOVE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_ACTION_CLOSE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_ACTION_FULLSCREEN", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_ACTION_MOVE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_ACTION_RESIZE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_ALLOWED_ACTIONS", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_NAME", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_STATE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_STATE_MAXIMIZED_HORZ", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_STATE_MAXIMIZED_VERT", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_STATE_SKIP_PAGER", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_STATE_SKIP_TASKBAR", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NORMAL", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+       {"_SWM_WM_STATE_MANUAL", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
 };
 
 /* Cursors */
@@ -731,6 +751,7 @@ enum keyfuncid {
        KF_FOCUS_MAIN,
        KF_FOCUS_NEXT,
        KF_FOCUS_PREV,
+       KF_FOCUS_URGENT,
        KF_HEIGHT_GROW,
        KF_HEIGHT_SHRINK,
        KF_ICONIFY,
@@ -829,241 +850,247 @@ enum keyfuncid {
        KF_WS_22,
        KF_WS_NEXT,
        KF_WS_NEXT_ALL,
+       KF_WS_NEXT_MOVE,
        KF_WS_PREV,
        KF_WS_PREV_ALL,
+       KF_WS_PREV_MOVE,
        KF_WS_PRIOR,
        KF_DUMPWINS, /* MUST BE LAST */
        KF_INVALID
 };
 
 struct key {
-        RB_ENTRY(key)           entry;
-        unsigned int            mod;
-        KeySym                  keysym;
-        enum keyfuncid          funcid;
-        char                    *spawn_name;
+       RB_ENTRY(key)   entry;
+       unsigned int    mod;
+       KeySym          keysym;
+       enum keyfuncid  funcid;
+       char            *spawn_name;
 };
 RB_HEAD(key_tree, key);
 
 /* function prototypes */
-void    adjust_font(struct ws_win *);
-void    bar_class_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
-void    bar_class_title_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
-void    bar_cleanup(struct swm_region *);
-void    bar_extra_setup(void);
-void    bar_extra_stop(void);
-int     bar_extra_update(void);
-void    bar_fmt(const char *, char *, struct swm_region *, size_t);
-void    bar_fmt_expand(char *, size_t);
-void    bar_draw(void);
-void    bar_print(struct swm_region *, const char *);
-void    bar_print_legacy(struct swm_region *, const char *);
-void    bar_replace(char *, char *, struct swm_region *, size_t);
-void    bar_replace_pad(char *, int *, size_t);
+void   adjust_font(struct ws_win *);
+char   *argsep(char **);
+void   bar_cleanup(struct swm_region *);
+void   bar_extra_setup(void);
+void   bar_extra_stop(void);
+int    bar_extra_update(void);
+void   bar_fmt(const char *, char *, struct swm_region *, size_t);
+void   bar_fmt_expand(char *, size_t);
+void   bar_draw(void);
+void   bar_print(struct swm_region *, const char *);
+void   bar_print_legacy(struct swm_region *, const char *);
+void   bar_replace(char *, char *, struct swm_region *, size_t);
+void   bar_replace_pad(char *, int *, size_t);
 char   *bar_replace_seq(char *, char *, struct swm_region *, size_t *, size_t);
-void    bar_setup(struct swm_region *);
-void    bar_title_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
-void    bar_toggle(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    bar_urgent(char *, size_t);
-void    bar_window_float(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
-void    bar_window_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
-void    bar_workspace_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
-void    buttonpress(xcb_button_press_event_t *);
-void    check_conn(void);
-void    clear_keys(void);
-void    clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *);
-void    client_msg(struct ws_win *, xcb_atom_t, xcb_timestamp_t);
-int     conf_load(const char *, int);
-void    configurenotify(xcb_configure_notify_event_t *);
-void    configurerequest(xcb_configure_request_event_t *);
-void    config_win(struct ws_win *, xcb_configure_request_event_t *);
-void    constrain_window(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *, int);
-int     count_win(struct workspace *, int);
-void    cursors_cleanup(void);
-void    cursors_load(void);
-void    custom_region(char *);
-void    cyclerg(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    cyclews(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    cycle_layout(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    destroynotify(xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *);
-void    dumpwins(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-int     enable_wm(void);
-void    enternotify(xcb_enter_notify_event_t *);
-void    event_drain(uint8_t);
-void    event_error(xcb_generic_error_t *);
-void    event_handle(xcb_generic_event_t *);
-void    ewmh_autoquirk(struct ws_win *);
-void    ewmh_get_win_state(struct ws_win *);
-int     ewmh_set_win_fullscreen(struct ws_win *, int);
-void    ewmh_update_actions(struct ws_win *);
-void    ewmh_update_win_state(struct ws_win *, xcb_atom_t, long);
+void   bar_setup(struct swm_region *);
+void   bar_toggle(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   bar_urgent(char *, size_t);
+void   bar_window_class(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
+void   bar_window_class_instance(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
+void   bar_window_float(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
+void   bar_window_instance(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
+void   bar_window_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
+void   bar_workspace_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
+void   buttonpress(xcb_button_press_event_t *);
+void   check_conn(void);
+void   clear_keys(void);
+void   clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *);
+void   client_msg(struct ws_win *, xcb_atom_t, xcb_timestamp_t);
+int    conf_load(const char *, int);
+void   configurenotify(xcb_configure_notify_event_t *);
+void   configurerequest(xcb_configure_request_event_t *);
+void   config_win(struct ws_win *, xcb_configure_request_event_t *);
+void   constrain_window(struct ws_win *, struct swm_geometry *, int *);
+int    count_win(struct workspace *, int);
+void   cursors_cleanup(void);
+void   cursors_load(void);
+void   custom_region(const char *);
+void   cyclerg(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   cyclews(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   cycle_layout(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   destroynotify(xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *);
+void   dumpwins(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+int    enable_wm(void);
+void   enternotify(xcb_enter_notify_event_t *);
+void   event_drain(uint8_t);
+void   event_error(xcb_generic_error_t *);
+void   event_handle(xcb_generic_event_t *);
+void   ewmh_autoquirk(struct ws_win *);
+void   ewmh_get_win_state(struct ws_win *);
+int    ewmh_set_win_fullscreen(struct ws_win *, int);
+void   ewmh_update_actions(struct ws_win *);
+void   ewmh_update_win_state(struct ws_win *, xcb_atom_t, long);
 char   *expand_tilde(const char *);
-void    expose(xcb_expose_event_t *);
-void    fake_keypress(struct ws_win *, xcb_keysym_t, uint16_t);
+void   expose(xcb_expose_event_t *);
+void   fake_keypress(struct ws_win *, xcb_keysym_t, uint16_t);
+void   floating_toggle(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+int    floating_toggle_win(struct ws_win *);
+void   focus(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   focus_flush(void);
+void   focus_region(struct swm_region *);
+void   focusrg(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   focus_win(struct ws_win *);
+void   fontset_init(void);
+void   free_window(struct ws_win *);
+void   search_do_resp(void);
+void   search_resp_name_workspace(const char *, size_t);
+void   search_resp_search_window(const char *);
+void   search_resp_search_workspace(const char *);
+void   search_resp_uniconify(const char *, size_t);
+void   search_win(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   search_win_cleanup(void);
+void   search_workspace(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   send_to_rg(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   send_to_ws(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   set_region(struct swm_region *);
+int    setautorun(const char *, const char *, int);
+int    setconfbinding(const char *, const char *, int);
+int    setconfcolor(const char *, const char *, int);
+int    setconfmodkey(const char *, const char *, int);
+int    setconfquirk(const char *, const char *, int);
+int    setconfregion(const char *, const char *, int);
+int    setconfspawn(const char *, const char *, int);
+int    setconfvalue(const char *, const char *, int);
+void   setkeybinding(unsigned int, KeySym, enum keyfuncid, const char *);
+int    setkeymapping(const char *, const char *, int);
+int    setlayout(const char *, const char *, int);
+void   setquirk(const char *, const char *, const char *,unsigned long);
+void   setscreencolor(const char *, int, int);
+void   setspawn(const char *, const char *, int);
+void   setup_ewmh(void);
+void   setup_globals(void);
+void   setup_keys(void);
+void   setup_quirks(void);
+void   setup_screens(void);
+void   setup_spawn(void);
+void   set_child_transient(struct ws_win *, xcb_window_t *);
+void   set_swm_iconic(struct ws_win *, int);
+void   set_win_state(struct ws_win *, uint16_t);
+void   shutdown_cleanup(void);
+void   sighdlr(int);
+void   socket_setnonblock(int);
+void   sort_windows(struct ws_win_list *);
+void   spawn(int, union arg *, int);
+void   spawn_custom(struct swm_region *, union arg *, const char *);
+int    spawn_expand(struct swm_region *, union arg *, const char *, char ***);
+void   spawn_insert(const char *, const char *, int);
+int32_t        get_swm_iconic(struct ws_win *);
+char   *get_win_name(xcb_window_t);
+void   get_wm_protocols(struct ws_win *);
+int    get_ws_idx(xcb_window_t);
+void   grabbuttons(struct ws_win *);
+void   grabkeys(void);
+void   grab_windows(void);
+void   iconify(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+int    isxlfd(char *);
+void   keypress(xcb_key_press_event_t *);
+int    key_cmp(struct key *, struct key *);
+void   key_insert(unsigned int, KeySym, enum keyfuncid, const char *);
+void   key_remove(struct key *);
+void   key_replace(struct key *, unsigned int, KeySym, enum keyfuncid,
+           const char *);
+void   kill_bar_extra_atexit(void);
+void   kill_refs(struct ws_win *);
+void   load_float_geom(struct ws_win *);
+void   map_window(struct ws_win *, xcb_window_t);
+void   mapnotify(xcb_map_notify_event_t *);
+void   mappingnotify(xcb_mapping_notify_event_t *);
+void   maprequest(xcb_map_request_event_t *);
+void   motionnotify(xcb_motion_notify_event_t *);
+void   move(struct ws_win *, union arg *);
+void   move_step(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+uint32_t name_to_pixel(int, const char *);
+void   name_workspace(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   new_region(struct swm_screen *, int, int, int, int);
+int    parsekeys(const char *, unsigned int, unsigned int *, KeySym *);
+int    parsequirks(const char *, unsigned long *);
+int    parse_rgb(const char *, uint16_t *, uint16_t *, uint16_t *);
+void   pressbutton(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   priorws(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   propertynotify(xcb_property_notify_event_t *);
+void   quirk_free(struct quirk *);
+void   quirk_insert(const char *, const char *, const char *,unsigned long);
+void   quirk_remove(struct quirk *);
+void   quirk_replace(struct quirk *, const char *, const char *, const char *,
+           unsigned long);
+void   quit(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   raise_toggle(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   region_containment(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *, int);
+void   regionize(struct ws_win *, int, int);
+void   resize(struct ws_win *, union arg *);
+void   resize_step(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   restart(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   screenchange(xcb_randr_screen_change_notify_event_t *);
+void   scan_xrandr(int);
+void   spawn_remove(struct spawn_prog *);
+void   spawn_replace(struct spawn_prog *, const char *, const char *, int);
+void   spawn_select(struct swm_region *, union arg *, const char *, int *);
+void   stack_config(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   stack_floater(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *);
+void   stack_master(struct workspace *, struct swm_geometry *, int, int);
+void   store_float_geom(struct ws_win *);
+char   *strdupsafe(const char *);
+void   swapwin(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   switchws(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   teardown_ewmh(void);
+void   unescape_selector(char *);
+void   unfocus_win(struct ws_win *);
+void   uniconify(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   unmanage_window(struct ws_win *);
+void   unmapnotify(xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *);
+void   unmap_all(void);
+void   unmap_window(struct ws_win *);
+void   updatenumlockmask(void);
+void   update_modkey(unsigned int);
+void   update_window(struct ws_win *);
+void   validate_spawns(void);
+int    validate_win(struct ws_win *);
+int    validate_ws(struct workspace *);
+void   version(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   win_to_ws(struct ws_win *, int, int);
+pid_t  window_get_pid(xcb_window_t);
+void   wkill(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void   workaround(void);
+void   xft_init(struct swm_region *);
+void   _add_startup_exception(const char *, va_list);
+void   add_startup_exception(const char *, ...);
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+void   focusin(xcb_focus_in_event_t *);
+void   focusout(xcb_focus_out_event_t *);
+void   leavenotify(xcb_leave_notify_event_t *);
+void   print_win_geom(xcb_window_t);
+#endif
+
 struct pid_e   *find_pid(pid_t);
 struct ws_win  *find_unmanaged_window(xcb_window_t);
 struct ws_win  *find_window(xcb_window_t);
-void    floating_toggle(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-int     floating_toggle_win(struct ws_win *);
-void    focus(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
-void    focusin(xcb_focus_in_event_t *);
-void    focusout(xcb_focus_out_event_t *);
-#endif
-void    focus_flush(void);
-void    focus_region(struct swm_region *);
-void    focusrg(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    focus_win(struct ws_win *);
-void    fontset_init(void);
-void    free_window(struct ws_win *);
-xcb_atom_t get_atom_from_string(const char *);
-#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
-char   *get_atom_name(xcb_atom_t);
-#endif
-struct ws_win   *get_focus_magic(struct ws_win *);
-struct ws_win   *get_focus_prev(struct ws_win *);
-#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
-char   *get_notify_detail_label(uint8_t);
-char   *get_notify_mode_label(uint8_t);
-#endif
+struct ws_win  *get_focus_magic(struct ws_win *);
+struct ws_win  *get_focus_prev(struct ws_win *);
 struct ws_win  *get_pointer_win(xcb_window_t);
 struct ws_win  *get_region_focus(struct swm_region *);
-int     get_region_index(struct swm_region *);
+struct ws_win  *manage_window(xcb_window_t, uint16_t);
+int            get_region_index(struct swm_region *);
+xcb_atom_t     get_atom_from_string(const char *);
 xcb_screen_t   *get_screen(int);
-#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
-char   *get_stack_mode_name(uint8_t);
-#endif
-int32_t         get_swm_iconic(struct ws_win *);
-char   *get_win_name(xcb_window_t);
-int     get_ws_idx(xcb_window_t);
-uint32_t getstate(xcb_window_t);
-void    grabbuttons(struct ws_win *);
-void    grabkeys(void);
-void    grab_windows(void);
-void    iconify(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-int     isxlfd(char *);
-void    keypress(xcb_key_press_event_t *);
-int     key_cmp(struct key *, struct key *);
-void    key_insert(unsigned int, KeySym, enum keyfuncid, const char *);
+xcb_window_t   get_sibling(struct ws_win *, int);
+int            get_screen_count(void);
+uint32_t       getstate(xcb_window_t);
 struct key     *key_lookup(unsigned int, KeySym);
-void    key_remove(struct key *);
-void    key_replace(struct key *, unsigned int, KeySym, enum keyfuncid,
-            const char *);
-void    kill_bar_extra_atexit(void);
-void    kill_refs(struct ws_win *);
-#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
-void    leavenotify(xcb_leave_notify_event_t *);
-#endif
-void    load_float_geom(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *);
-struct ws_win  *manage_window(xcb_window_t, uint16_t);
-void    map_window(struct ws_win *);
-void    mapnotify(xcb_map_notify_event_t *);
-void    mappingnotify(xcb_mapping_notify_event_t *);
-void    maprequest(xcb_map_request_event_t *);
-void    motionnotify(xcb_motion_notify_event_t *);
-void    move(struct ws_win *, union arg *);
-void    move_step(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-uint32_t name_to_pixel(const char *);
-void    name_workspace(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    new_region(struct swm_screen *, int, int, int, int);
-int     parsekeys(char *, unsigned int, unsigned int *, KeySym *);
-int     parsequirks(char *, unsigned long *);
-int     parse_rgb(const char *, uint16_t *, uint16_t *, uint16_t *);
-void    pressbutton(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    priorws(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
-void    print_win_geom(xcb_window_t);
+char           *get_atom_name(xcb_atom_t);
+char           *get_notify_detail_label(uint8_t);
+char           *get_notify_mode_label(uint8_t);
+char           *get_stack_mode_name(uint8_t);
 #endif
-void    propertynotify(xcb_property_notify_event_t *);
-void    quirk_insert(const char *, const char *, unsigned long);
-void    quirk_remove(struct quirk *);
-void    quirk_replace(struct quirk *, const char *, const char *,
-            unsigned long);
-void    quit(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    raise_toggle(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    resize(struct ws_win *, union arg *);
-void    resize_step(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    restart(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+
+struct swm_region      *region_under(struct swm_screen *, int, int);
 struct swm_region      *root_to_region(xcb_window_t, int);
-void    screenchange(xcb_randr_screen_change_notify_event_t *);
-void    scan_xrandr(int);
-void    search_do_resp(void);
-void    search_resp_name_workspace(const char *, unsigned long);
-void    search_resp_search_window(const char *);
-void    search_resp_search_workspace(const char *);
-void    search_resp_uniconify(const char *, unsigned long);
-void    search_win(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    search_win_cleanup(void);
-void    search_workspace(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    send_to_rg(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    send_to_ws(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    set_region(struct swm_region *);
-int     setautorun(char *, char *, int);
-int     setconfbinding(char *, char *, int);
-int     setconfcolor(char *, char *, int);
-int     setconfmodkey(char *, char *, int);
-int     setconfquirk(char *, char *, int);
-int     setconfregion(char *, char *, int);
-int     setconfspawn(char *, char *, int);
-int     setconfvalue(char *, char *, int);
-void    setkeybinding(unsigned int, KeySym, enum keyfuncid, const char *);
-int     setkeymapping(char *, char *, int);
-int     setlayout(char *, char *, int);
-void    setquirk(const char *, const char *, unsigned long);
-void    setscreencolor(char *, int, int);
-void    setspawn(const char *, const char *, int);
-void    setup_ewmh(void);
-void    setup_globals(void);
-void    setup_keys(void);
-void    setup_quirks(void);
-void    setup_screens(void);
-void    setup_spawn(void);
-void    set_child_transient(struct ws_win *, xcb_window_t *);
-void    set_swm_iconic(struct ws_win *, int);
-void    set_win_state(struct ws_win *, uint16_t);
-void    shutdown_cleanup(void);
-void    sighdlr(int);
-void    socket_setnonblock(int);
-void    sort_windows(struct ws_win_list *);
-void    spawn(int, union arg *, int);
-void    spawn_custom(struct swm_region *, union arg *, const char *);
-int     spawn_expand(struct swm_region *, union arg *, const char *, char ***);
-void    spawn_insert(const char *, const char *, int);
-void    spawn_remove(struct spawn_prog *);
-void    spawn_replace(struct spawn_prog *, const char *, const char *, int);
-void    spawn_select(struct swm_region *, union arg *, const char *, int *);
-void    stack_config(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    stack_floater(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *);
-void    stack_master(struct workspace *, struct swm_geometry *, int, int);
-void    store_float_geom(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *);
-char   *strdupsafe(const char *);
-void    swapwin(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    switchws(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    teardown_ewmh(void);
-void    unfocus_win(struct ws_win *);
-void    uniconify(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    unmanage_window(struct ws_win *);
-void    unmapnotify(xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *);
-void    unmap_all(void);
-void    unmap_window(struct ws_win *);
-void    updatenumlockmask(void);
-void    update_modkey(unsigned int);
-void    update_window(struct ws_win *);
-void    validate_spawns(void);
-int     validate_win(struct ws_win *);
-int     validate_ws(struct workspace *);
-/*void  visibilitynotify(xcb_visibility_notify_event_t *);*/
-void    version(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-pid_t   window_get_pid(xcb_window_t);
-void    wkill(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    workaround(void);
-void    xft_init(struct swm_region *);
-void    _add_startup_exception(const char *, va_list);
-void    add_startup_exception(const char *, ...);
+struct spawn_prog      *spawn_find(const char *);
 
 RB_PROTOTYPE(key_tree, key, entry, key_cmp);
 RB_GENERATE(key_tree, key, entry, key_cmp);
-struct key_tree                 keys;
+struct key_tree                keys;
 
 void
 cursors_load(void)
@@ -1107,11 +1134,11 @@ cursors_cleanup(void)
 char *
 expand_tilde(const char *s)
 {
-       struct passwd           *ppwd;
-       int                     i;
+       struct passwd           *ppwd;
+       int                     i;
        long                    max;
-       char                    *user;
-       const char              *sc = s;
+       char                    *user;
+       const char              *sc = s;
        char                    *result;
 
        if (s == NULL)
@@ -1184,6 +1211,19 @@ get_screen(int screen)
        return (NULL);
 }
 
+int
+get_screen_count(void)
+{
+       const xcb_setup_t       *r;
+
+       if ((r = xcb_get_setup(conn)) == NULL) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "get_screen_count: xcb_get_setup\n");
+               check_conn();
+       }
+
+       return xcb_setup_roots_length(r);
+}
+
 int
 get_region_index(struct swm_region *r)
 {
@@ -1233,6 +1273,24 @@ get_atom_from_string(const char *str)
        return (XCB_ATOM_NONE);
 }
 
+void
+get_wm_protocols(struct ws_win *win) {
+       int                             i;
+       xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_t      wpr;
+
+       if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply(conn,
+           xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols(conn, win->id, a_prot),
+           &wpr, NULL)) {
+               for (i = 0; i < (int)wpr.atoms_len; i++) {
+                       if (wpr.atoms[i] == a_takefocus)
+                               win->take_focus = 1;
+                       if (wpr.atoms[i] == a_delete)
+                               win->can_delete = 1;
+               }
+               xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_wipe(&wpr);
+       }
+}
+
 void
 set_swm_iconic(struct ws_win *win, int newv)
 {
@@ -1256,7 +1314,7 @@ get_swm_iconic(struct ws_win *win)
        pr = xcb_get_property_reply(conn,
            xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win->id, a_swm_iconic,
            XCB_ATOM_INTEGER, 0, 1), NULL);
-       if (!pr)
+       if (pr == NULL)
                goto out;
        if (pr->type != XCB_ATOM_INTEGER || pr->format != 32)
                goto out;
@@ -1278,7 +1336,7 @@ setup_ewmh(void)
        for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(ewmh); i++)
                ewmh[i].atom = get_atom_from_string(ewmh[i].name);
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
                /* Support check window will be created by workaround(). */
 
@@ -1302,14 +1360,14 @@ teardown_ewmh(void)
 
        sup_check = get_atom_from_string("_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK");
        sup_list = get_atom_from_string("_NET_SUPPORTED");
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
 
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
                /* Get the support check window and destroy it */
                pc = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, screens[i].root, sup_check,
                    XCB_ATOM_WINDOW, 0, 1);
                pr = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, pc, NULL);
-               if (!pr)
+               if (pr == NULL)
                        continue;
                if (pr->format == sup_check) {
                        id = *((xcb_window_t *)xcb_get_property_value(pr));
@@ -1333,7 +1391,7 @@ ewmh_autoquirk(struct ws_win *win)
        c = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win->id,
            ewmh[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE].atom, XCB_ATOM_ATOM, 0, UINT32_MAX);
        r = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, c, NULL);
-       if (!r)
+       if (r == NULL)
                return;
 
        n = xcb_get_property_value_length(r);
@@ -1370,7 +1428,7 @@ ewmh_autoquirk(struct ws_win *win)
 int
 ewmh_set_win_fullscreen(struct ws_win *win, int fs)
 {
-       if (!win->ws->r)
+       if (win->ws->r == NULL)
                return (0);
 
        if (!win->floating)
@@ -1381,12 +1439,12 @@ ewmh_set_win_fullscreen(struct ws_win *win, int fs)
 
        if (fs) {
                if (!win->g_floatvalid)
-                       store_float_geom(win, win->ws->r);
+                       store_float_geom(win);
 
                win->g = win->ws->r->g;
                win->bordered = 0;
        } else {
-               load_float_geom(win, win->ws->r);
+               load_float_geom(win);
        }
 
        return (1);
@@ -1413,9 +1471,9 @@ ewmh_update_actions(struct ws_win *win)
            ewmh[_NET_WM_ALLOWED_ACTIONS].atom, XCB_ATOM_ATOM, 32, 1, actions);
 }
 
-#define _NET_WM_STATE_REMOVE   0    /* remove/unset property */
-#define _NET_WM_STATE_ADD      1    /* add/set property */
-#define _NET_WM_STATE_TOGGLE   2    /* toggle property */
+#define _NET_WM_STATE_REMOVE   0       /* remove/unset property */
+#define _NET_WM_STATE_ADD      1       /* add/set property */
+#define _NET_WM_STATE_TOGGLE   2       /* toggle property */
 
 void
 ewmh_update_win_state(struct ws_win *win, xcb_atom_t state, long action)
@@ -1513,7 +1571,7 @@ ewmh_get_win_state(struct ws_win *win)
        c = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win->id, ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE].atom,
            XCB_ATOM_ATOM, 0, UINT32_MAX);
        r = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, c, NULL);
-       if (!r)
+       if (r == NULL)
                return;
 
        states = xcb_get_property_value(r);
@@ -1651,7 +1709,7 @@ find_pid(pid_t pid)
 }
 
 uint32_t
-name_to_pixel(const char *colorname)
+name_to_pixel(int sidx, const char *colorname)
 {
        uint32_t                        result = 0;
        char                            cname[32] = "#";
@@ -1661,7 +1719,7 @@ name_to_pixel(const char *colorname)
        xcb_alloc_named_color_reply_t   *nr;
        uint16_t                        rr, gg, bb;
 
-       screen = xcb_setup_roots_iterator(xcb_get_setup(conn)).data;
+       screen = get_screen(sidx);
        cmap = screen->default_colormap;
 
        /* color is in format rgb://rr/gg/bb */
@@ -1682,7 +1740,7 @@ name_to_pixel(const char *colorname)
                nr = xcb_alloc_named_color_reply(conn,
                        xcb_alloc_named_color(conn, cmap, strlen(colorname),
                            colorname), NULL);
-               if (!nr) {
+               if (nr == NULL) {
                        strlcat(cname, colorname + 2, sizeof cname - 1);
                        nr = xcb_alloc_named_color_reply(conn,
                            xcb_alloc_named_color(conn, cmap, strlen(cname),
@@ -1699,19 +1757,19 @@ name_to_pixel(const char *colorname)
 }
 
 void
-setscreencolor(char *val, int i, int c)
+setscreencolor(const char *val, int i, int c)
 {
        int     num_screens;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        if (i > 0 && i <= num_screens) {
-               screens[i - 1].c[c].pixel = name_to_pixel(val);
+               screens[i - 1].c[c].pixel = name_to_pixel(i - 1, val);
                free(screens[i - 1].c[c].name);
                if ((screens[i - 1].c[c].name = strdup(val)) == NULL)
                        err(1, "strdup");
        } else if (i == -1) {
                for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
-                       screens[i].c[c].pixel = name_to_pixel(val);
+                       screens[i].c[c].pixel = name_to_pixel(0, val);
                        free(screens[i].c[c].name);
                        if ((screens[i].c[c].name = strdup(val)) == NULL)
                                err(1, "strdup");
@@ -1748,13 +1806,13 @@ plain_stacker(struct workspace *ws)
 }
 
 void
-custom_region(char *val)
+custom_region(const char *val)
 {
        unsigned int                    x, y, w, h;
        int                             sidx, num_screens;
        xcb_screen_t                    *screen;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        if (sscanf(val, "screen[%d]:%ux%u+%u+%u", &sidx, &w, &h, &x, &y) != 5)
                errx(1, "invalid custom region, "
                    "should be 'screen[<n>]:<n>x<n>+<n>+<n>");
@@ -1850,12 +1908,12 @@ bar_print_legacy(struct swm_region *r, const char *s)
 void
 bar_print(struct swm_region *r, const char *s)
 {
-       size_t                          len;
-       xcb_rectangle_t                 rect;
-       uint32_t                        gcv[1];
-       int32_t                         x = 0;
-       XGlyphInfo                      info;
-       XftDraw                         *draw;
+       size_t          len;
+       xcb_rectangle_t rect;
+       uint32_t        gcv[1];
+       int32_t         x = 0;
+       XGlyphInfo      info;
+       XftDraw         *draw;
 
        len = strlen(s);
 
@@ -1918,7 +1976,7 @@ bar_extra_stop(void)
 }
 
 void
-bar_class_name(char *s, size_t sz, struct swm_region *r)
+bar_window_class(char *s, size_t sz, struct swm_region *r)
 {
        if (r == NULL || r->ws == NULL || r->ws->focus == NULL)
                return;
@@ -1927,7 +1985,7 @@ bar_class_name(char *s, size_t sz, struct swm_region *r)
 }
 
 void
-bar_title_name(char *s, size_t sz, struct swm_region *r)
+bar_window_instance(char *s, size_t sz, struct swm_region *r)
 {
        if (r == NULL || r->ws == NULL || r->ws->focus == NULL)
                return;
@@ -1936,14 +1994,14 @@ bar_title_name(char *s, size_t sz, struct swm_region *r)
 }
 
 void
-bar_class_title_name(char *s, size_t sz, struct swm_region *r)
+bar_window_class_instance(char *s, size_t sz, struct swm_region *r)
 {
        if (r == NULL || r->ws == NULL || r->ws->focus == NULL)
                return;
 
-       bar_class_name(s, sz, r);
+       bar_window_class(s, sz, r);
        strlcat(s, ":", sz);
-       bar_title_name(s, sz, r);
+       bar_window_instance(s, sz, r);
 }
 
 void
@@ -1962,19 +2020,18 @@ bar_window_name(char *s, size_t sz, struct swm_region *r)
 
        if (r == NULL || r->ws == NULL || r->ws->focus == NULL)
                return;
-       if ((title = get_win_name(r->ws->focus->id)) == NULL)
-               return;
 
+       title = get_win_name(r->ws->focus->id);
        strlcat(s, title, sz);
        free(title);
 }
 
-int            urgent[SWM_WS_MAX];
 void
 bar_urgent(char *s, size_t sz)
 {
        struct ws_win           *win;
        int                     i, j, num_screens;
+       int                     urgent[SWM_WS_MAX];
        char                    b[8];
        xcb_get_property_cookie_t       c;
        xcb_icccm_wm_hints_t    hints;
@@ -1982,7 +2039,7 @@ bar_urgent(char *s, size_t sz)
        for (i = 0; i < workspace_limit; i++)
                urgent[i] = 0;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                for (j = 0; j < workspace_limit; j++)
                        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &screens[i].ws[j].winlist, entry) {
@@ -2016,6 +2073,8 @@ bar_workspace_name(char *s, size_t sz, struct swm_region *r)
 void
 bar_fmt(const char *fmtexp, char *fmtnew, struct swm_region *r, size_t sz)
 {
+       struct ws_win           *w;
+
        /* if format provided, just copy the buffers */
        if (bar_format != NULL) {
                strlcpy(fmtnew, fmtexp, sz);
@@ -2033,6 +2092,15 @@ bar_fmt(const char *fmtexp, char *fmtnew, struct swm_region *r, size_t sz)
        /* only show the workspace name if there's actually one */
        if (r != NULL && r->ws != NULL && r->ws->name != NULL)
                strlcat(fmtnew, "<+D>", sz);
+
+       /* If enabled, only show the iconic count if there are iconic wins. */
+       if (iconic_enabled && r != NULL && r->ws != NULL)
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &r->ws->winlist, entry)
+                       if (w->iconic) {
+                               strlcat(fmtnew, "{+M}", sz);
+                               break;
+                       }
+
        strlcat(fmtnew, "+3<", sz);
 
        if (clock_enabled) {
@@ -2044,16 +2112,16 @@ bar_fmt(const char *fmtexp, char *fmtnew, struct swm_region *r, size_t sz)
        if (urgent_enabled)
                strlcat(fmtnew, "* +U*+4<", sz);
 
-       if (title_class_enabled) {
+       if (window_class_enabled) {
                strlcat(fmtnew, "+C", sz);
-               if (!title_name_enabled)
+               if (!window_instance_enabled)
                        strlcat(fmtnew, "+4<", sz);
        }
 
        /* checks needed by the colon and floating strlcat(3) calls below */
        if (r != NULL && r->ws != NULL && r->ws->focus != NULL) {
-               if (title_name_enabled) {
-                       if (title_class_enabled)
+               if (window_instance_enabled) {
+                       if (window_class_enabled)
                                strlcat(fmtnew, ":", sz);
                        strlcat(fmtnew, "+T+4<", sz);
                }
@@ -2082,9 +2150,10 @@ char *
 bar_replace_seq(char *fmt, char *fmtrep, struct swm_region *r, size_t *offrep,
     size_t sz)
 {
+       struct ws_win           *w;
        char                    *ptr;
        char                    tmp[SWM_BAR_MAX];
-       int                     limit, size;
+       int                     limit, size, count;
        size_t                  len;
 
        /* reset strlcat(3) buffer */
@@ -2111,7 +2180,7 @@ bar_replace_seq(char *fmt, char *fmtrep, struct swm_region *r, size_t *offrep,
                snprintf(tmp, sizeof tmp, "%s", bar_ext);
                break;
        case 'C':
-               bar_class_name(tmp, sizeof tmp, r);
+               bar_window_class(tmp, sizeof tmp, r);
                break;
        case 'D':
                bar_workspace_name(tmp, sizeof tmp, r);
@@ -2122,17 +2191,25 @@ bar_replace_seq(char *fmt, char *fmtrep, struct swm_region *r, size_t *offrep,
        case 'I':
                snprintf(tmp, sizeof tmp, "%d", r->ws->idx + 1);
                break;
+       case 'M':
+               count = 0;
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &r->ws->winlist, entry)
+                       if (w->iconic)
+                               ++count;
+
+               snprintf(tmp, sizeof tmp, "%d", count);
+               break;
        case 'N':
                snprintf(tmp, sizeof tmp, "%d", r->s->idx + 1);
                break;
        case 'P':
-               bar_class_title_name(tmp, sizeof tmp, r);
+               bar_window_class_instance(tmp, sizeof tmp, r);
                break;
        case 'S':
                snprintf(tmp, sizeof tmp, "%s", r->ws->stacker);
                break;
        case 'T':
-               bar_title_name(tmp, sizeof tmp, r);
+               bar_window_instance(tmp, sizeof tmp, r);
                break;
        case 'U':
                bar_urgent(tmp, sizeof tmp);
@@ -2232,7 +2309,7 @@ bar_draw(void)
        /* expand the format by first passing it through strftime(3) */
        bar_fmt_expand(fmtexp, sizeof fmtexp);
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
                TAILQ_FOREACH(r, &screens[i].rl, entry) {
                        if (r->bar == NULL)
@@ -2336,7 +2413,7 @@ bar_toggle(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        }
 
        /* update bars as necessary */
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                TAILQ_FOREACH(tmpr, &screens[i].rl, entry)
                        if (tmpr->bar) {
@@ -2483,7 +2560,7 @@ xft_init(struct swm_region *r)
                                                font);
                        }
 
-                       if (!bar_font) {
+                       if (bar_font == NULL) {
                                warnx("unable to load font %s", font);
                                continue;
                        } else {
@@ -2604,7 +2681,6 @@ getstate(xcb_window_t w)
 
        c = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, w, a_state, a_state, 0L, 2L);
        r = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, c, NULL);
-
        if (r) {
                if (r->type == a_state && r->format == 32 && r->length == 2)
                        result = *((uint32_t *)xcb_get_property_value(r));
@@ -2777,18 +2853,27 @@ quit(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 }
 
 void
-map_window(struct ws_win *win)
+map_window(struct ws_win *win, xcb_window_t sibling)
 {
-       uint32_t        val = XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE;
+       uint16_t                mode = XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE;
+       uint32_t                val[2];
+       int                     i = 0;
+
+       /* If sibling is specified, stack right above it. */
+       if (sibling != XCB_WINDOW_NONE) {
+               mode |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_SIBLING;
+               val[i++] = sibling;
+       }
+
+       val[i] = XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE;
 
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "map_window: win 0x%x, mapped: %s\n", win->id,
-           YESNO(win->mapped));
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "map_window: win 0x%x, mapped: %s, "
+           "sibling: 0x%x\n", win->id, YESNO(win->mapped), sibling);
 
-       xcb_configure_window(conn, win->id,
-           XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE, &val);
+       xcb_configure_window(conn, win->id, mode, val);
 
        if (win->mapped)
                return;
@@ -2821,7 +2906,7 @@ unmap_all(void)
        struct ws_win           *win;
        int                     i, j, num_screens;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                for (j = 0; j < workspace_limit; j++)
                        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &screens[i].ws[j].winlist, entry)
@@ -2916,7 +3001,7 @@ root_to_region(xcb_window_t root, int check)
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "root_to_region: window: 0x%x\n", root);
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                if (screens[i].root == root)
                        break;
@@ -2941,7 +3026,6 @@ root_to_region(xcb_window_t root, int check)
                /* No region with an active focus; try to use pointer. */
                qpr = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, xcb_query_pointer(conn,
                    screens[i].root), NULL);
-
                if (qpr) {
                        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "root_to_region: pointer: "
                            "(%d,%d)\n", qpr->root_x, qpr->root_y);
@@ -2959,6 +3043,8 @@ root_to_region(xcb_window_t root, int check)
        if (r == NULL && check & SWM_CK_FALLBACK)
                r = TAILQ_FIRST(&screens[i].rl);
 
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "root_to_region: idx: %d\n", get_region_index(r));
+
        return (r);
 }
 
@@ -2968,7 +3054,7 @@ find_unmanaged_window(xcb_window_t id)
        struct ws_win           *win;
        int                     i, j, num_screens;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                for (j = 0; j < workspace_limit; j++)
                        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &screens[i].ws[j].unmanagedlist,
@@ -2985,7 +3071,7 @@ find_window(xcb_window_t id)
        int                     i, j, num_screens;
        xcb_query_tree_reply_t  *r;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                for (j = 0; j < workspace_limit; j++)
                        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &screens[i].ws[j].winlist, entry)
@@ -2993,7 +3079,7 @@ find_window(xcb_window_t id)
                                        return (win);
 
        r = xcb_query_tree_reply(conn, xcb_query_tree(conn, id), NULL);
-       if (!r)
+       if (r == NULL)
                return (NULL);
 
        /* if we were looking for the parent return that window instead */
@@ -3080,7 +3166,7 @@ kill_refs(struct ws_win *win)
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                TAILQ_FOREACH(r, &screens[i].rl, entry)
                        for (x = 0; x < workspace_limit; x++) {
@@ -3103,7 +3189,7 @@ validate_win(struct ws_win *testwin)
        if (testwin == NULL)
                return (0);
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                TAILQ_FOREACH(r, &screens[i].rl, entry)
                        for (x = 0; x < workspace_limit; x++) {
@@ -3123,7 +3209,7 @@ validate_ws(struct workspace *testws)
        int                     i, x, num_screens;
 
        /* validate all ws */
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                TAILQ_FOREACH(r, &screens[i].rl, entry)
                        for (x = 0; x < workspace_limit; x++) {
@@ -3134,6 +3220,42 @@ validate_ws(struct workspace *testws)
        return (1);
 }
 
+xcb_window_t
+get_sibling(struct ws_win *win, int mode)
+{
+       struct ws_win           *w = win;
+
+       switch (mode) {
+       case SWM_STACK_TOP:
+               TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(w, &w->ws->winlist, ws_win_list, entry)
+                       if (w != win && !w->floating && !w->iconic)
+                               break;
+               break;
+       case SWM_STACK_ABOVE:
+               do {
+                       w = TAILQ_NEXT(w, entry);
+               } while (w != NULL && (w == win || w->floating || w->iconic));
+               break;
+       case SWM_STACK_BELOW:
+               do {
+                       w = TAILQ_PREV(w, ws_win_list, entry);
+               } while (w != NULL && (w == win || w->floating || w->iconic));
+               break;
+       case SWM_STACK_BOTTOM:
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &w->ws->winlist, entry)
+                       if (w != win && !w->floating && !w->iconic)
+                               break;
+               break;
+       default:
+               w = NULL;
+       }
+
+       if (w == NULL)
+               return (win->ws->r->id);
+       else
+               return (w->id);
+}
+
 void
 unfocus_win(struct ws_win *win)
 {
@@ -3165,6 +3287,8 @@ unfocus_win(struct ws_win *win)
        }
 
        if (win->ws->focus == win) {
+               if (tile_gap < 0 && !win->floating)
+                       map_window(win, get_sibling(win, SWM_STACK_BELOW));
                win->ws->focus = NULL;
                win->ws->focus_prev = win;
        }
@@ -3248,6 +3372,9 @@ focus_win(struct ws_win *win)
                     win->hints.input))
                        xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT,
                                        win->id, last_event_time);
+               else
+                       xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT,
+                           ws->r->id, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
 
                /* Tell app it can adjust focus to a specific window. */
                if (win->take_focus) {
@@ -3266,22 +3393,30 @@ focus_win(struct ws_win *win)
                    ws->always_raise) {
                        /* If a parent exists, map it first. */
                        if (parent) {
-                               map_window(parent);
+                               map_window(parent, XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
 
                                /* Map siblings next. */
                                TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &ws->winlist, entry)
                                        if (w != win && !w->iconic &&
                                            w->transient == parent->id)
-                                               map_window(w);
+                                               map_window(w, XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
                        }
 
                        /* Map focused window. */
-                       map_window(win);
+                       map_window(win, XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
 
                        /* Finally, map children of focus window. */
                        TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &ws->winlist, entry)
                                if (w->transient == win->id && !w->iconic)
-                                       map_window(w);
+                                       map_window(w, XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
+               } else if (tile_gap < 0 && !win->floating) {
+                       /*
+                        * Windows overlap in the layout.
+                        * Raise focused win above all tiled wins.
+                        */
+                       if (tile_gap < 0 && !win->floating)
+                               map_window(win,
+                                   get_sibling(win, SWM_STACK_TOP));
                }
 
                set_region(ws->r);
@@ -3392,7 +3527,7 @@ focus_region(struct swm_region *r)
                if (old_r)
                        unfocus_win(old_r->ws->focus);
 
-               xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT, r->s->root,
+               xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT, r->id,
                    XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
 
                /* Clear bar since empty. */
@@ -3403,10 +3538,11 @@ focus_region(struct swm_region *r)
 void
 switchws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
-       int                     wsid = args->id, unmap_old = 0;
        struct swm_region       *this_r, *other_r;
        struct ws_win           *win;
        struct workspace        *new_ws, *old_ws;
+       xcb_window_t            none = XCB_WINDOW_NONE;
+       int                     wsid = args->id, unmap_old = 0;
 
        if (!(r && r->s))
                return;
@@ -3426,7 +3562,14 @@ switchws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        if (new_ws == old_ws)
                return;
 
-       unfocus_win(old_ws->focus);
+       if ((win = old_ws->focus) != NULL) {
+               xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id, XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL,
+                   &win->ws->r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel);
+
+               xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, win->s->root,
+                   ewmh[_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW].atom, XCB_ATOM_WINDOW, 32, 1,
+                   &none);
+       }
 
        other_r = new_ws->r;
        if (other_r == NULL) {
@@ -3443,9 +3586,13 @@ switchws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        this_r->ws = new_ws;
        new_ws->r = this_r;
 
-       /* Set focus_pending before stacking. */
-       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
+       /* Set focus_pending before stacking, if needed. */
+       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW && (!new_ws->focus_pending ||
+           validate_win(new_ws->focus_pending))) {
                new_ws->focus_pending = get_region_focus(new_ws->r);
+               new_ws->focus = new_ws->focus_prev;
+               new_ws->focus_prev = NULL;
+       }
 
        stack();
 
@@ -3458,17 +3605,16 @@ switchws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        if (old_ws->r && focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
                if (new_ws->focus_pending) {
                        focus_win(new_ws->focus_pending);
-               } else {
-                       /* Empty region, focus on root. */
-                       xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT,
-                           new_ws->r->s[new_ws->r->s->idx].root,
-                           XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
+                       new_ws->focus_pending = NULL;
                }
        }
 
-       /* Clear bar if new ws is empty. */
-       if (new_ws->focus_pending == NULL)
+       /* Clear bar and set focus on region input win if new ws is empty. */
+       if (new_ws->focus_pending == NULL && new_ws->focus == NULL) {
+               xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT, r->id,
+                   XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
                bar_draw();
+       }
 
        focus_flush();
 
@@ -3481,30 +3627,32 @@ cyclews(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        union                   arg a;
        struct swm_screen       *s = r->s;
        int                     cycle_all = 0;
+       int                     move = 0;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_WS, "cyclews: id: %d, screen[%d]:%dx%d+%d+%d, ws: %d\n",
            args->id, r->s->idx, WIDTH(r), HEIGHT(r), X(r), Y(r), r->ws->idx);
 
        a.id = r->ws->idx;
+
        do {
                switch (args->id) {
+               case SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_MOVE_UP:
+                       move = 1;
+                       /* FALLTHROUGH */
                case SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_UP_ALL:
                        cycle_all = 1;
                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
                case SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_UP:
-                       if (a.id < workspace_limit - 1)
-                               a.id++;
-                       else
-                               a.id = 0;
+                       a.id = (a.id < workspace_limit - 1) ? a.id + 1 : 0;
                        break;
+               case SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_MOVE_DOWN:
+                       move = 1;
+                       /* FALLTHROUGH */
                case SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_DOWN_ALL:
                        cycle_all = 1;
                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
                case SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_DOWN:
-                       if (a.id > 0)
-                               a.id--;
-                       else
-                               a.id = workspace_limit - 1;
+                       a.id = (a.id > 0) ? a.id - 1 : workspace_limit - 1;
                        break;
                default:
                        return;
@@ -3516,6 +3664,9 @@ cyclews(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                if (!cycle_visible && s->ws[a.id].r != NULL)
                        continue;
 
+               if (move)
+                       send_to_ws(r, &a);
+
                switchws(r, &a);
        } while (a.id != r->ws->idx);
 }
@@ -3523,7 +3674,7 @@ cyclews(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 void
 priorws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
-       union arg               a;
+       union arg       a;
 
        (void)args;
 
@@ -3543,7 +3694,7 @@ focusrg(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        int                     ridx = args->id, i, num_screens;
        struct swm_region       *rr = NULL;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        /* do nothing if we don't have more than one screen */
        if (!(num_screens > 1 || outputs > 1))
                return;
@@ -3551,7 +3702,7 @@ focusrg(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focusrg: id: %d\n", ridx);
 
        rr = TAILQ_FIRST(&r->s->rl);
-       for (i = 0; i < ridx; ++i)
+       for (i = 0; i < ridx && rr != NULL; ++i)
                rr = TAILQ_NEXT(rr, entry);
 
        if (rr == NULL)
@@ -3567,7 +3718,7 @@ cyclerg(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        struct swm_region       *rr = NULL;
        int                     i, num_screens;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        /* do nothing if we don't have more than one screen */
        if (!(num_screens > 1 || outputs > 1))
                return;
@@ -3837,86 +3988,107 @@ focus(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        struct ws_win           *head, *cur_focus = NULL, *winfocus = NULL;
        struct ws_win_list      *wl = NULL;
        struct workspace        *ws = NULL;
-       int                     all_iconics;
+       union arg               a;
+       int                     i;
+       xcb_icccm_wm_hints_t    hints;
 
        if (!(r && r->ws))
-               return;
+               goto out;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focus: id: %d\n", args->id);
 
-       if ((cur_focus = r->ws->focus) == NULL)
-               return;
+       cur_focus = r->ws->focus;
        ws = r->ws;
        wl = &ws->winlist;
-       if (TAILQ_EMPTY(wl))
-               return;
-       /* make sure there is at least one uniconified window */
-       all_iconics = 1;
-       TAILQ_FOREACH(winfocus, wl, entry)
-               if (!winfocus->iconic) {
-                       all_iconics = 0;
-                       break;
-               }
-       if (all_iconics)
-               return;
+
+       /* Make sure an uniconified window has focus, if one exists. */
+       if (cur_focus == NULL) {
+               cur_focus = TAILQ_FIRST(wl);
+               while (cur_focus != NULL && cur_focus->iconic)
+                       cur_focus = TAILQ_NEXT(cur_focus, entry);
+       }
 
        switch (args->id) {
        case SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSPREV:
-               head = TAILQ_PREV(cur_focus, ws_win_list, entry);
-               if (head == NULL)
-                       head = TAILQ_LAST(wl, ws_win_list);
-               winfocus = head;
-               if (WINID(winfocus) == cur_focus->transient) {
-                       head = TAILQ_PREV(winfocus, ws_win_list, entry);
-                       if (head == NULL)
-                               head = TAILQ_LAST(wl, ws_win_list);
-                       winfocus = head;
-               }
+               if (cur_focus == NULL)
+                       goto out;
 
-               /* skip iconics */
-               if (winfocus && winfocus->iconic) {
-                       while (winfocus != cur_focus) {
-                               if (winfocus == NULL)
-                                       winfocus = TAILQ_LAST(wl, ws_win_list);
-                               if (!winfocus->iconic)
-                                       break;
-                               winfocus = TAILQ_PREV(winfocus, ws_win_list,
-                                   entry);
-                       }
-               }
+               winfocus = cur_focus;
+               do {
+                       winfocus = TAILQ_PREV(winfocus, ws_win_list, entry);
+                       if (winfocus == NULL)
+                               winfocus = TAILQ_LAST(wl, ws_win_list);
+                       if (winfocus == cur_focus)
+                               break;
+               } while (winfocus != NULL &&
+                   (winfocus->iconic || winfocus->id == cur_focus->transient));
                break;
-
        case SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSNEXT:
-               head = TAILQ_NEXT(cur_focus, entry);
-               if (head == NULL)
-                       head = TAILQ_FIRST(wl);
-               winfocus = head;
-
-               /* skip iconics */
-               if (winfocus && winfocus->iconic) {
-                       while (winfocus != cur_focus) {
-                               if (winfocus == NULL)
-                                       winfocus = TAILQ_FIRST(wl);
-                               if (!winfocus->iconic)
-                                       break;
-                               winfocus = TAILQ_NEXT(winfocus, entry);
-                       }
-               }
-               break;
+               if (cur_focus == NULL)
+                       goto out;
 
+               winfocus = cur_focus;
+               do {
+                       winfocus = TAILQ_NEXT(winfocus, entry);
+                       if (winfocus == NULL)
+                               winfocus = TAILQ_FIRST(wl);
+                       if (winfocus == cur_focus)
+                               break;
+               } while (winfocus != NULL &&
+                   (winfocus->iconic || winfocus->id == cur_focus->transient));
+               break;
        case SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSMAIN:
+               if (cur_focus == NULL)
+                       goto out;
+
                winfocus = TAILQ_FIRST(wl);
                if (winfocus == cur_focus)
                        winfocus = cur_focus->ws->focus_prev;
                break;
+       case SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSURGENT:
+               /* Search forward for the next urgent window. */
+               winfocus = NULL;
+               head = cur_focus;
+
+               for (i = 0; i <= workspace_limit; ++i) {
+                       if (head == NULL)
+                               head = TAILQ_FIRST(&r->s->ws[(ws->idx + i) %
+                                   workspace_limit].winlist);
+
+                       while (head != NULL &&
+                           (head = TAILQ_NEXT(head, entry)) != NULL) {
+                               if (head == cur_focus) {
+                                       winfocus = cur_focus;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_hints_reply(conn,
+                                   xcb_icccm_get_wm_hints(conn, head->id),
+                                   &hints, NULL) != 0 &&
+                                   xcb_icccm_wm_hints_get_urgency(&hints)) {
+                                       winfocus = head;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if (winfocus != NULL)
+                               break;
+               }
 
+               /* Switch ws if new focus is on a different ws. */
+               if (winfocus != NULL && winfocus->ws != ws) {
+                       a.id = winfocus->ws->idx;
+                       switchws(r, &a);
+               }
+               break;
        default:
-               return;
+               goto out;
        }
 
        focus_win(get_focus_magic(winfocus));
-
        focus_flush();
+
+out:
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focus: done\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -3970,7 +4142,7 @@ stack(void) {
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_STACK, "stack: begin\n");
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
                j = 0;
@@ -4003,15 +4175,15 @@ stack(void) {
 }
 
 void
-store_float_geom(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
+store_float_geom(struct ws_win *win)
 {
-       if (win == NULL || r == NULL)
+       if (win == NULL || win->ws->r == NULL)
                return;
 
        /* retain window geom and region geom */
        win->g_float = win->g;
-       win->g_float.x -= X(r);
-       win->g_float.y -= Y(r);
+       win->g_float.x -= X(win->ws->r);
+       win->g_float.y -= Y(win->ws->r);
        win->g_floatvalid = 1;
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "store_float_geom: window: 0x%x, g: (%d,%d)"
            " %d x %d, g_float: (%d,%d) %d x %d\n", win->id, X(win), Y(win),
@@ -4020,15 +4192,15 @@ store_float_geom(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
 }
 
 void
-load_float_geom(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
+load_float_geom(struct ws_win *win)
 {
-       if (win == NULL || r == NULL)
+       if (win == NULL || win->ws->r == NULL)
                return;
 
        if (win->g_floatvalid) {
                win->g = win->g_float;
-               X(win) += X(r);
-               Y(win) += Y(r);
+               X(win) += X(win->ws->r);
+               Y(win) += Y(win->ws->r);
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "load_float_geom: window: 0x%x, g: (%d,%d)"
                    "%d x %d\n", win->id, X(win), Y(win), WIDTH(win),
                    HEIGHT(win));
@@ -4053,7 +4225,7 @@ stack_floater(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
        if (win->floatmaxed || (r != r->ws->old_r &&
            !(win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN))) {
                /* update geometry for the new region */
-               load_float_geom(win, r);
+               load_float_geom(win);
        }
 
        win->floatmaxed = 0;
@@ -4063,7 +4235,7 @@ stack_floater(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
         */
        if (win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN) {
                if (!win->g_floatvalid)
-                       store_float_geom(win, win->ws->r);
+                       store_float_geom(win);
 
                win->g = r->g;
        }
@@ -4100,11 +4272,11 @@ stack_floater(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
                X(win) = X(r) + (WIDTH(r) - WIDTH(win)) /  2 - BORDER(win);
                Y(win) = Y(r) + (HEIGHT(r) - HEIGHT(win)) / 2 - BORDER(win);
 
-               store_float_geom(win, r);
+               store_float_geom(win);
        }
 
-       /* keep window within region bounds */
-       constrain_window(win, r, 0);
+       /* Ensure at least 1 pixel of the window is in the region. */
+       region_containment(win, r, SWM_CW_ALLSIDES);
 
        update_window(win);
 }
@@ -4232,20 +4404,24 @@ stack_master(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g, int rot, int flip)
                        colno = (winno - mwin) / stacks;
                        if (s <= (winno - mwin) % stacks)
                                colno++;
-                       split = split + colno;
-                       hrh = (r_g.h / colno);
+                       split += colno;
+                       hrh = r_g.h / colno;
                        extra = r_g.h - (colno * hrh);
-                       if (flip)
-                               win_g.x = r_g.x;
-                       else
+
+                       if (!flip)
                                win_g.x += win_g.w + 2 * border_width +
                                    tile_gap;
+
                        win_g.w = (r_g.w - msize -
                            (stacks * (2 * border_width + tile_gap))) / stacks;
                        if (s == 1)
                                win_g.w += (r_g.w - msize -
                                    (stacks * (2 * border_width + tile_gap))) %
                                    stacks;
+
+                       if (flip)
+                               win_g.x -= win_g.w + 2 * border_width +
+                                   tile_gap;
                        s--;
                        j = 0;
                }
@@ -4320,13 +4496,17 @@ stack_master(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g, int rot, int flip)
                        update_window(win);
                }
 
-               map_window(win);
+               map_window(win, get_sibling(win, SWM_STACK_BELOW));
 
                last_h = win_g.h;
                i++;
                j++;
        }
 
+       /* Map/raise focused tiled window to top if windows could overlap. */
+       if (tile_gap < 0 && ws->focus != NULL && !ws->focus->floating)
+               map_window(ws->focus, get_sibling(ws->focus, SWM_STACK_TOP));
+
 notiles:
        /* now, stack all the floaters and transients */
        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &ws->winlist, entry) {
@@ -4340,13 +4520,13 @@ notiles:
                }
 
                stack_floater(win, ws->r);
-               map_window(win);
+               map_window(win, XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
        }
 
        /* Make sure fs_win is stacked last so it's on top. */
        if (fs_win) {
                stack_floater(fs_win, ws->r);
-               map_window(fs_win);
+               map_window(fs_win, XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
        }
 }
 
@@ -4473,6 +4653,8 @@ max_stack(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g)
                win = ws->focus_pending;
        else if (ws->focus)
                win = ws->focus;
+       else if (ws->focus_prev)
+               win = ws->focus_prev;
        else
                win = TAILQ_FIRST(&ws->winlist);
 
@@ -4487,14 +4669,14 @@ max_stack(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g)
                        continue;
 
                if (!w->mapped && w != win)
-                       map_window(w);
+                       map_window(w, XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
 
                if (w->floating && !w->floatmaxed) {
                        /*
                         * retain geometry for retrieval on exit from
                         * max_stack mode
                         */
-                       store_float_geom(w, ws->r);
+                       store_float_geom(w);
                        w->floatmaxed = 1;
                }
 
@@ -4516,25 +4698,25 @@ max_stack(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g)
 
        /* If a parent exists, map/raise it first. */
        if (parent) {
-               map_window(parent);
+               map_window(parent, XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
 
                /* Map siblings next. */
                TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &ws->winlist, entry)
                        if (w != win && !w->iconic &&
                            w->transient == parent->id) {
                                stack_floater(w, ws->r);
-                               map_window(w);
+                               map_window(w, XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
                        }
        }
 
        /* Map/raise focused window. */
-       map_window(win);
+       map_window(win, XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
 
        /* Finally, map/raise children of focus window. */
        TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &ws->winlist, entry)
                if (w->transient == win->id && !w->iconic) {
                        stack_floater(w, ws->r);
-                       map_window(w);
+                       map_window(w, XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
                }
 }
 
@@ -4545,7 +4727,7 @@ send_to_rg(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        struct swm_region       *rr = NULL;
        union arg               a;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        /* do nothing if we don't have more than one screen */
        if (!(num_screens > 1 || outputs > 1))
                return;
@@ -4553,7 +4735,7 @@ send_to_rg(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "send_to_rg: id: %d\n", ridx);
 
        rr = TAILQ_FIRST(&r->s->rl);
-       for (i = 0; i < ridx; ++i)
+       for (i = 0; i < ridx && rr != NULL; ++i)
                rr = TAILQ_NEXT(rr, entry);
 
        if (rr == NULL)
@@ -4564,31 +4746,74 @@ send_to_rg(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        send_to_ws(r, &a);
 }
 
+struct swm_region *
+region_under(struct swm_screen *s, int x, int y)
+{
+       struct swm_region       *r = NULL;
+
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(r, &s->rl, entry) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "region_under: ws: %d, region g: (%d,%d) "
+                   "%d x %d, coords: (%d,%d)\n", r->ws->idx, X(r), Y(r),
+                   WIDTH(r), HEIGHT(r), x, y);
+               if (X(r) <= x && x < MAX_X(r))
+                       if (Y(r) <= y && y < MAX_Y(r))
+                               return (r);
+       }
+
+       return (NULL);
+}
+
 void
 send_to_ws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
        int                     wsid = args->id;
-       struct ws_win           *win = NULL, *parent;
-       struct workspace        *ws, *nws, *pws;
-       char                    ws_idx_str[SWM_PROPLEN];
-
-       if (wsid >= workspace_limit)
-               return;
+       struct ws_win           *win = NULL;
 
        if (r && r->ws && r->ws->focus)
                win = r->ws->focus;
        else
                return;
 
-       if (win->ws->idx == wsid)
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MOVE, "send_to_ws: win 0x%x, ws %d\n", win->id, wsid);
+
+       win_to_ws(win, wsid, 1);
+
+       /* Restack and set new focus. */
+       stack();
+
+       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+               if (r->ws->focus_pending) {
+                       focus_win(r->ws->focus_pending);
+                       r->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+               } else {
+                       xcb_set_input_focus(conn,
+                           XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT, r->id,
+                           XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
+               }
+       }
+
+       focus_flush();
+}
+
+void
+win_to_ws(struct ws_win *win, int wsid, int unfocus)
+{
+       struct ws_win           *parent;
+       struct workspace        *ws, *nws, *pws;
+       char                    ws_idx_str[SWM_PROPLEN];
+
+       if (wsid >= workspace_limit)
                return;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MOVE, "send_to_ws: win 0x%x, ws %d -> %d\n", win->id,
-           win->ws->idx, wsid);
+       if (win->ws->idx == wsid)
+               return;
 
        ws = win->ws;
        nws = &win->s->ws[wsid];
 
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MOVE, "win_to_ws: win 0x%x, ws %d -> %d\n", win->id,
+           ws->idx, wsid);
+
        /* Update the window's workspace property: _SWM_WS */
        if (snprintf(ws_idx_str, SWM_PROPLEN, "%d", nws->idx) < SWM_PROPLEN) {
                if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
@@ -4607,11 +4832,10 @@ send_to_ws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 
                                        unfocus_win(parent);
 
-                                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
+                                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
                                                pws->focus = pws->focus_pending;
-
-                                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
                                                pws->focus_pending = NULL;
+                                       }
                                }
 
                                /* Don't unmap parent if new ws is visible */
@@ -4623,7 +4847,7 @@ send_to_ws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&nws->winlist, parent, entry);
                                parent->ws = nws;
 
-                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_PROP, "send_to_ws: set "
+                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_PROP, "win_to_ws: set "
                                    "property: _SWM_WS: %s\n", ws_idx_str);
                                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE,
                                    parent->id, a_swm_ws, XCB_ATOM_STRING, 8,
@@ -4631,7 +4855,8 @@ send_to_ws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                        }
                }
 
-               unfocus_win(win);
+               if (unfocus)
+                       unfocus_win(win);
 
                /* Don't unmap if new ws is visible */
                if (nws->r == NULL)
@@ -4646,24 +4871,14 @@ send_to_ws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                unfocus_win(nws->focus);
                nws->focus = win;
 
-               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_PROP, "send_to_ws: set property: _SWM_WS: %s\n",
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_PROP, "win_to_ws: set property: _SWM_WS: %s\n",
                    ws_idx_str);
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, win->id,
                    a_swm_ws, XCB_ATOM_STRING, 8, strlen(ws_idx_str),
                    ws_idx_str);
-
-               /* Restack and set new focus. */
-               stack();
-
-               if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
-                       focus_win(ws->focus_pending);
-                       ws->focus_pending = NULL;
-               }
-
-               focus_flush();
        }
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MOVE, "send_to_ws: done.\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MOVE, "win_to_ws: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -4718,32 +4933,28 @@ get_win_name(xcb_window_t win)
        xcb_get_property_reply_t        *r;
 
        /* First try _NET_WM_NAME for UTF-8. */
-       c = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win, a_netwmname,
+       c = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win, ewmh[_NET_WM_NAME].atom,
            XCB_GET_PROPERTY_TYPE_ANY, 0, UINT_MAX);
        r = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, c, NULL);
-
-       if (r) {
-               if (r->type == XCB_NONE) {
-                       free(r);
-                       /* Use WM_NAME instead; no UTF-8. */
-                       c = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win, XCB_ATOM_WM_NAME,
-                           XCB_GET_PROPERTY_TYPE_ANY, 0, UINT_MAX);
-                       r = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, c, NULL);
-
-                       if (!r)
-                               return (NULL);
-                       if (r->type == XCB_NONE) {
-                               free(r);
-                               return (NULL);
-                       }
-               }
-               if (r->length > 0)
-                       name = strndup(xcb_get_property_value(r),
-                           xcb_get_property_value_length(r));
-
+       if (r && r->type == XCB_NONE) {
                free(r);
+               /* Use WM_NAME instead; no UTF-8. */
+               c = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win, XCB_ATOM_WM_NAME,
+                   XCB_GET_PROPERTY_TYPE_ANY, 0, UINT_MAX);
+               r = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, c, NULL);
        }
 
+       if (r && r->type != XCB_NONE && r->length > 0)
+               name = strndup(xcb_get_property_value(r),
+                   xcb_get_property_value_length(r));
+       else
+               name = strdup("");
+
+       if (name == NULL)
+               err(1, "get_win_name: failed to allocate memory.");
+
+       free(r);
+
        return (name);
 }
 
@@ -4786,8 +4997,6 @@ uniconify(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                        continue;
 
                name = get_win_name(win->id);
-               if (name == NULL)
-                       continue;
                fprintf(lfile, "%s.%u\n", name, win->id);
                free(name);
        }
@@ -4969,7 +5178,7 @@ search_win(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 }
 
 void
-search_resp_uniconify(const char *resp, unsigned long len)
+search_resp_uniconify(const char *resp, size_t len)
 {
        char                    *name;
        struct ws_win           *win;
@@ -4981,8 +5190,6 @@ search_resp_uniconify(const char *resp, unsigned long len)
                if (!win->iconic)
                        continue;
                name = get_win_name(win->id);
-               if (name == NULL)
-                       continue;
                if (asprintf(&s, "%s.%u", name, win->id) == -1) {
                        free(name);
                        continue;
@@ -4999,7 +5206,7 @@ search_resp_uniconify(const char *resp, unsigned long len)
 }
 
 void
-search_resp_name_workspace(const char *resp, unsigned long len)
+search_resp_name_workspace(const char *resp, size_t len)
 {
        struct workspace        *ws;
 
@@ -5035,7 +5242,7 @@ search_resp_search_workspace(const char *resp)
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "search_resp_search_workspace: resp: %s\n", resp);
 
        q = strdup(resp);
-       if (!q) {
+       if (q == NULL) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "search_resp_search_workspace: strdup: %s",
                    strerror(errno));
                return;
@@ -5066,7 +5273,7 @@ search_resp_search_window(const char *resp)
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "search_resp_search_window: resp: %s\n", resp);
 
        s = strdup(resp);
-       if (!s) {
+       if (s == NULL) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "search_resp_search_window: strdup: %s",
                    strerror(errno));
                return;
@@ -5095,7 +5302,7 @@ search_do_resp(void)
 {
        ssize_t                 rbytes;
        char                    *resp;
-       unsigned long           len;
+       size_t                  len;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "search_do_resp:\n");
 
@@ -5150,7 +5357,8 @@ done:
 void
 wkill(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "wkill: id: %d\n", args->id);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "wkill: win %#x, id: %d\n", WINID(r->ws->focus),
+           args->id);
 
        if (r->ws->focus == NULL)
                return;
@@ -5167,16 +5375,12 @@ wkill(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 int
 floating_toggle_win(struct ws_win *win)
 {
-       struct swm_region       *r;
-
        if (win == NULL)
                return (0);
 
-       if (!win->ws->r)
+       if (win->ws->r == NULL)
                return (0);
 
-       r = win->ws->r;
-
        /* reject floating toggles in max stack mode */
        if (win->ws->cur_layout == &layouts[SWM_MAX_STACK])
                return (0);
@@ -5184,11 +5388,11 @@ floating_toggle_win(struct ws_win *win)
        if (win->floating) {
                if (!win->floatmaxed) {
                        /* retain position for refloat */
-                       store_float_geom(win, r);
+                       store_float_geom(win);
                }
                win->floating = 0;
        } else {
-               load_float_geom(win, r);
+               load_float_geom(win);
                win->floating = 1;
        }
 
@@ -5223,37 +5427,85 @@ floating_toggle(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 }
 
 void
-constrain_window(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r, int resizable)
+region_containment(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r, int opts)
+{
+       struct swm_geometry             g = r->g;
+       int                             rt, lt, tp, bm, bw;
+
+       bw = (opts & SWM_CW_SOFTBOUNDARY) ? boundary_width : 0;
+
+       /*
+        * Perpendicular distance of each side of the window to the respective
+        * side of the region boundary.  Positive values indicate the side of
+        * the window has passed beyond the region boundary.
+        */
+       rt = opts & SWM_CW_RIGHT ? MAX_X(win) + BORDER(win) - MAX_X(r) : bw;
+       lt = opts & SWM_CW_LEFT ? X(r) - X(win) + BORDER(win) : bw;
+       bm = opts & SWM_CW_BOTTOM ? MAX_Y(win) + BORDER(win) - MAX_Y(r) : bw;
+       tp = opts & SWM_CW_TOP ? Y(r) - Y(win) + BORDER(win) : bw;
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "region_containment: win 0x%x, rt: %d, lt: %d, "
+           "bm: %d, tp: %d, SOFTBOUNDARY: %s, HARDBOUNDARY: %s\n", win->id, rt,
+           lt, bm, tp, YESNO(opts & SWM_CW_SOFTBOUNDARY),
+           YESNO(opts & SWM_CW_HARDBOUNDARY));
+
+       /*
+        * Disable containment if any of the flagged sides went beyond the
+        * containment boundary, or if containment is disabled.
+        */
+       if (!(opts & SWM_CW_HARDBOUNDARY || opts & SWM_CW_SOFTBOUNDARY) ||
+           (bw != 0 && ((rt > bw) || (lt > bw) || (bm > bw) || (tp > bw)))) {
+               /* Make sure window has at least 1 pixel in the region */
+               g.x += 1 - WIDTH(win);
+               g.y += 1 - HEIGHT(win);
+               g.w += 2 * WIDTH(win) - 2;
+               g.h += 2 * HEIGHT(win) - 2;
+       }
+
+       constrain_window(win, &g, &opts);
+}
+
+/* Move or resize a window so that flagged side(s) fit into the supplied box. */
+void
+constrain_window(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_geometry *b, int *opts)
 {
-       if (MAX_X(win) + BORDER(win) > MAX_X(r)) {
-               if (resizable)
-                       WIDTH(win) = MAX_X(r) - X(win) - BORDER(win);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "constrain_window: window: 0x%x, (x,y) w x h: "
+           "(%d,%d) %d x %d, box: (x,y) w x h: (%d,%d) %d x %d, rt: %s, "
+           "lt: %s, bt: %s, tp: %s, allow resize: %s\n", win->id, X(win),
+           Y(win), WIDTH(win), HEIGHT(win), b->x, b->y, b->w, b->h,
+           YESNO(*opts & SWM_CW_RIGHT), YESNO(*opts & SWM_CW_LEFT),
+           YESNO(*opts & SWM_CW_BOTTOM), YESNO(*opts & SWM_CW_TOP),
+           YESNO(*opts & SWM_CW_RESIZABLE));
+
+       if ((*opts & SWM_CW_RIGHT) && MAX_X(win) + BORDER(win) > b->x + b->w) {
+               if (*opts & SWM_CW_RESIZABLE)
+                       WIDTH(win) = b->x + b->w - X(win) - BORDER(win);
                else
-                       X(win) = MAX_X(r)- WIDTH(win) - BORDER(win);
+                       X(win) = b->x + b->w - WIDTH(win) - BORDER(win);
        }
 
-       if (X(win) + BORDER(win) < X(r)) {
-               if (resizable)
-                       WIDTH(win) -= X(r) - X(win) - BORDER(win);
+       if ((*opts & SWM_CW_LEFT) && X(win) + BORDER(win) < b->x) {
+               if (*opts & SWM_CW_RESIZABLE)
+                       WIDTH(win) -= b->x - X(win) - BORDER(win);
 
-               X(win) = X(r) - BORDER(win);
+               X(win) = b->x - BORDER(win);
        }
 
-       if (MAX_Y(win) + BORDER(win) > MAX_Y(r)) {
-               if (resizable)
-                       HEIGHT(win) = MAX_Y(r) - Y(win) - BORDER(win);
+       if ((*opts & SWM_CW_BOTTOM) && MAX_Y(win) + BORDER(win) > b->y + b->h) {
+               if (*opts & SWM_CW_RESIZABLE)
+                       HEIGHT(win) = b->y + b->h - Y(win) - BORDER(win);
                else
-                       Y(win) = MAX_Y(r) - HEIGHT(win) - BORDER(win);
+                       Y(win) = b->y + b->h - HEIGHT(win) - BORDER(win);
        }
 
-       if (Y(win) + BORDER(win) < Y(r)) {
-               if (resizable)
-                       HEIGHT(win) -= Y(r) - Y(win) - BORDER(win);
+       if ((*opts & SWM_CW_TOP) && Y(win) + BORDER(win) < b->y) {
+               if (*opts & SWM_CW_RESIZABLE)
+                       HEIGHT(win) -= b->y - Y(win) - BORDER(win);
 
-               Y(win) = Y(r) - BORDER(win);
+               Y(win) = b->y - BORDER(win);
        }
 
-       if (resizable) {
+       if (*opts & SWM_CW_RESIZABLE) {
                if (WIDTH(win) < 1)
                        WIDTH(win) = 1;
                if (HEIGHT(win) < 1)
@@ -5295,7 +5547,7 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
        int                     top = 0, left = 0, resizing;
        int                     dx, dy;
        xcb_cursor_t                    cursor;
-       xcb_query_pointer_reply_t       *xpr;
+       xcb_query_pointer_reply_t       *xpr = NULL;
        xcb_generic_event_t             *evt;
        xcb_motion_notify_event_t       *mne;
 
@@ -5327,7 +5579,7 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
 
        /* It's possible for win to have been freed during focus_flush(). */
        if (validate_win(win)) {
-               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "move: invalid win.\n");
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "resize: invalid win.\n");
                goto out;
        }
 
@@ -5352,16 +5604,21 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                break;
        }
        if (resize_stp) {
-               constrain_window(win, r, 1);
+               region_containment(win, r, SWM_CW_ALLSIDES | SWM_CW_RESIZABLE |
+                   SWM_CW_HARDBOUNDARY);
                update_window(win);
-               store_float_geom(win,r);
+               store_float_geom(win);
                return;
        }
 
+       region_containment(win, r, SWM_CW_ALLSIDES | SWM_CW_RESIZABLE |
+           SWM_CW_SOFTBOUNDARY);
+       update_window(win);
+
        /* get cursor offset from window root */
        xpr = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, xcb_query_pointer(conn, win->id),
            NULL);
-       if (!xpr)
+       if (xpr == NULL)
                return;
 
        g = win->g;
@@ -5439,11 +5696,13 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                                WIDTH(win) = g.w + dx;
                        }
 
-                       constrain_window(win, r, 1);
-
                        /* not free, don't sync more than 120 times / second */
                        if ((mne->time - timestamp) > (1000 / 120) ) {
                                timestamp = mne->time;
+                               regionize(win, mne->root_x, mne->root_y);
+                               region_containment(win, r, SWM_CW_ALLSIDES |
+                                   SWM_CW_RESIZABLE | SWM_CW_HARDBOUNDARY |
+                                   SWM_CW_SOFTBOUNDARY);
                                update_window(win);
                                xcb_flush(conn);
                        }
@@ -5453,7 +5712,7 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
 
                        /* It's possible for win to have been freed above. */
                        if (validate_win(win)) {
-                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "move: invalid win.\n");
+                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "resize: invalid win.\n");
                                goto out;
                        }
                        break;
@@ -5461,10 +5720,12 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                free(evt);
        }
        if (timestamp) {
+               region_containment(win, r, SWM_CW_ALLSIDES | SWM_CW_RESIZABLE |
+                   SWM_CW_HARDBOUNDARY | SWM_CW_SOFTBOUNDARY);
                update_window(win);
                xcb_flush(conn);
        }
-       store_float_geom(win,r);
+       store_float_geom(win);
 out:
        xcb_ungrab_pointer(conn, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
        free(xpr);
@@ -5485,6 +5746,23 @@ resize_step(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        focus_flush();
 }
 
+/* Try to set window region based on supplied coordinates or window center. */
+void
+regionize(struct ws_win *win, int x, int y)
+{
+       struct swm_region *r = NULL;
+
+       r = region_under(win->s, x, y);
+       if (r == NULL)
+               r = region_under(win->s, X(win) + WIDTH(win) / 2,
+                   Y(win) + HEIGHT(win) / 2);
+
+       if (r && r != win->ws->r) {
+               win_to_ws(win, r->ws->idx, 0);
+               set_region(r);
+       }
+}
+
 #define SWM_MOVE_STEPS (50)
 
 void
@@ -5492,14 +5770,12 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
 {
        xcb_timestamp_t         timestamp = 0;
        int                     move_stp = 0, moving;
-       struct swm_region       *r = NULL;
-       xcb_query_pointer_reply_t       *qpr;
+       xcb_query_pointer_reply_t       *qpr = NULL;
        xcb_generic_event_t             *evt;
        xcb_motion_notify_event_t       *mne;
 
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
-       r = win->ws->r;
 
        if (win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN)
                return;
@@ -5511,16 +5787,19 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
        if (win->ws->cur_layout == &layouts[SWM_MAX_STACK] && !win->transient)
                return;
 
-       win->manual = 1;
+       if (!win->manual) {
+               win->manual = 1;
+               ewmh_update_win_state(win, ewmh[_SWM_WM_STATE_MANUAL].atom,
+                   _NET_WM_STATE_ADD);
+       }
+
+       /* When a stacked win is moved, float it and restack. */
        if (!win->floating && !win->transient) {
-               store_float_geom(win, r);
+               store_float_geom(win);
                ewmh_update_win_state(win, ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE].atom,
                    _NET_WM_STATE_ADD);
+               stack();
        }
-       ewmh_update_win_state(win, ewmh[_SWM_WM_STATE_MANUAL].atom,
-           _NET_WM_STATE_ADD);
-
-       stack();
 
        focus_flush();
 
@@ -5552,9 +5831,10 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                break;
        }
        if (move_stp) {
-               constrain_window(win, r, 0);
+               regionize(win, -1, -1);
+               region_containment(win, win->ws->r, SWM_CW_ALLSIDES);
                update_window(win);
-               store_float_geom(win, r);
+               store_float_geom(win);
                return;
        }
 
@@ -5565,11 +5845,15 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
        /* get cursor offset from window root */
        qpr = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, xcb_query_pointer(conn, win->id),
                NULL);
-       if (!qpr) {
+       if (qpr == NULL) {
                xcb_ungrab_pointer(conn, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
                return;
        }
 
+       regionize(win, qpr->root_x, qpr->root_y);
+       region_containment(win, win->ws->r, SWM_CW_ALLSIDES |
+           SWM_CW_SOFTBOUNDARY);
+       update_window(win);
        xcb_flush(conn);
        moving = 1;
        while (moving && (evt = xcb_wait_for_event(conn))) {
@@ -5580,14 +5864,16 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                        break;
                case XCB_MOTION_NOTIFY:
                        mne = (xcb_motion_notify_event_t *)evt;
+                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "motion: root: 0x%x\n", mne->root);
                        X(win) = mne->root_x - qpr->win_x - border_width;
                        Y(win) = mne->root_y - qpr->win_y - border_width;
 
-                       constrain_window(win, r, 0);
-
                        /* not free, don't sync more than 120 times / second */
                        if ((mne->time - timestamp) > (1000 / 120) ) {
                                timestamp = mne->time;
+                               regionize(win, mne->root_x, mne->root_y);
+                               region_containment(win, win->ws->r,
+                                   SWM_CW_ALLSIDES | SWM_CW_SOFTBOUNDARY);
                                update_window(win);
                                xcb_flush(conn);
                        }
@@ -5605,10 +5891,12 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                free(evt);
        }
        if (timestamp) {
+               region_containment(win, win->ws->r, SWM_CW_ALLSIDES |
+                   SWM_CW_SOFTBOUNDARY);
                update_window(win);
                xcb_flush(conn);
        }
-       store_float_geom(win, r);
+       store_float_geom(win);
 out:
        free(qpr);
        xcb_ungrab_pointer(conn, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
@@ -5648,6 +5936,7 @@ struct keyfunc {
        { "focus_main",         focus,          {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSMAIN} },
        { "focus_next",         focus,          {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSNEXT} },
        { "focus_prev",         focus,          {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSPREV} },
+       { "focus_urgent",       focus,          {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSURGENT} },
        { "height_grow",        resize_step,    {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_HEIGHTGROW} },
        { "height_shrink",      resize_step,    {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_HEIGHTSHRINK} },
        { "iconify",            iconify,        {0} },
@@ -5746,8 +6035,10 @@ struct keyfunc {
        { "ws_22",              switchws,       {.id = 21} },
        { "ws_next",            cyclews,        {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_UP} },
        { "ws_next_all",        cyclews,        {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_UP_ALL} },
+       { "ws_next_move",       cyclews,        {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_MOVE_UP} },
        { "ws_prev",            cyclews,        {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_DOWN} },
        { "ws_prev_all",        cyclews,        {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_DOWN_ALL} },
+       { "ws_prev_move",       cyclews,        {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_CYCLEWS_MOVE_DOWN} },
        { "ws_prior",           priorws,        {0} },
        { "dumpwins",           dumpwins,       {0} }, /* MUST BE LAST */
        { "invalid key func",   NULL,           {0} },
@@ -5811,7 +6102,7 @@ spawn_expand(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, const char *spawn_name,
     char ***ret_args)
 {
        struct spawn_prog       *prog = NULL;
-       int                     i;
+       int                     i, c;
        char                    *ap, **real_args;
 
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
@@ -5821,7 +6112,7 @@ spawn_expand(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, const char *spawn_name,
 
        /* find program */
        TAILQ_FOREACH(prog, &spawns, entry) {
-               if (!strcasecmp(spawn_name, prog->name))
+               if (strcasecmp(spawn_name, prog->name) == 0)
                        break;
        }
        if (prog == NULL) {
@@ -5834,62 +6125,68 @@ spawn_expand(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, const char *spawn_name,
                err(1, "spawn_custom: calloc real_args");
 
        /* expand spawn_args into real_args */
-       for (i = 0; i < prog->argc; i++) {
+       for (i = c = 0; i < prog->argc; i++) {
                ap = prog->argv[i];
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "spawn_custom: raw arg: %s\n", ap);
-               if (!strcasecmp(ap, "$bar_border")) {
-                       if ((real_args[i] =
+               if (strcasecmp(ap, "$bar_border") == 0) {
+                       if ((real_args[c] =
                            strdup(r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR_BORDER].name))
                            == NULL)
                                err(1,  "spawn_custom border color");
-               } else if (!strcasecmp(ap, "$bar_color")) {
-                       if ((real_args[i] =
+               } else if (strcasecmp(ap, "$bar_color") == 0) {
+                       if ((real_args[c] =
                            strdup(r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR].name))
                            == NULL)
                                err(1, "spawn_custom bar color");
-               } else if (!strcasecmp(ap, "$bar_font")) {
-                       if ((real_args[i] = strdup(bar_fonts))
+               } else if (strcasecmp(ap, "$bar_font") == 0) {
+                       if ((real_args[c] = strdup(bar_fonts))
                            == NULL)
                                err(1, "spawn_custom bar fonts");
-               } else if (!strcasecmp(ap, "$bar_font_color")) {
-                       if ((real_args[i] =
+               } else if (strcasecmp(ap, "$bar_font_color") == 0) {
+                       if ((real_args[c] =
                            strdup(r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR_FONT].name))
                            == NULL)
                                err(1, "spawn_custom color font");
-               } else if (!strcasecmp(ap, "$color_focus")) {
-                       if ((real_args[i] =
+               } else if (strcasecmp(ap, "$color_focus") == 0) {
+                       if ((real_args[c] =
                            strdup(r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_FOCUS].name))
                            == NULL)
                                err(1, "spawn_custom color focus");
-               } else if (!strcasecmp(ap, "$color_unfocus")) {
-                       if ((real_args[i] =
+               } else if (strcasecmp(ap, "$color_unfocus") == 0) {
+                       if ((real_args[c] =
                            strdup(r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].name))
                            == NULL)
                                err(1, "spawn_custom color unfocus");
-               } else if (!strcasecmp(ap, "$region_index")) {
-                       if (asprintf(&real_args[i], "%d",
+               } else if (strcasecmp(ap, "$region_index") == 0) {
+                       if (asprintf(&real_args[c], "%d",
                            get_region_index(r) + 1) < 1)
                                err(1, "spawn_custom region index");
-               } else if (!strcasecmp(ap, "$workspace_index")) {
-                       if (asprintf(&real_args[i], "%d", r->ws->idx + 1) < 1)
+               } else if (strcasecmp(ap, "$workspace_index") == 0) {
+                       if (asprintf(&real_args[c], "%d", r->ws->idx + 1) < 1)
+                               err(1, "spawn_custom workspace index");
+               } else if (strcasecmp(ap, "$dmenu_bottom") == 0) {
+                       if (!bar_at_bottom)
+                               continue;
+                       if ((real_args[c] = strdup("-b")) == NULL)
                                err(1, "spawn_custom workspace index");
                } else {
                        /* no match --> copy as is */
-                       if ((real_args[i] = strdup(ap)) == NULL)
+                       if ((real_args[c] = strdup(ap)) == NULL)
                                err(1, "spawn_custom strdup(ap)");
                }
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "spawn_custom: cooked arg: %s\n",
-                   real_args[i]);
+                   real_args[c]);
+               ++c;
        }
 
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "spawn_custom: result: ");
-       for (i = 0; i < prog->argc; i++)
-               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "\"%s\" ", real_args[i]);
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "\n");
+       for (i = 0; i < c; ++i)
+               DPRINTF("\"%s\" ", real_args[i]);
+       DPRINTF("\n");
 #endif
        *ret_args = real_args;
-       return (prog->argc);
+       return (c);
 }
 
 void
@@ -5953,24 +6250,73 @@ spawn_select(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, const char *spawn_name,
        free(real_args);
 }
 
+/* Argument tokenizer. */
+char *
+argsep(char **sp) {
+       int                     single_quoted = 0, double_quoted = 0;
+       char                    *arg, *cp, *next;
+
+       if (*sp == NULL)
+               return NULL;
+
+       /* Eat and move characters until end of argument is found. */
+       for (arg = next = cp = *sp; *cp != '\0'; ++cp) {
+               if (!double_quoted && *cp == '\'') {
+                       /* Eat single-quote. */
+                       single_quoted = !single_quoted;
+               } else if (!single_quoted && *cp == '"') {
+                       /* Eat double-quote. */
+                       double_quoted = !double_quoted;
+               } else if (!single_quoted && *cp == '\\' && *(cp + 1) == '"') {
+                       /* Eat backslash; copy escaped character to arg. */
+                       *next++ = *(++cp);
+               } else if (!single_quoted && !double_quoted && *cp == '\\' &&
+                   (*(cp + 1) == '\'' || *(cp + 1) == ' ')) {
+                       /* Eat backslash; move escaped character. */
+                       *next++ = *(++cp);
+               } else if (!single_quoted && !double_quoted &&
+                   (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t')) {
+                       /* Terminate argument. */
+                       *next++ = '\0';
+                       /* Point sp to beginning of next argument. */
+                       *sp = ++cp;
+                       break;
+               } else {
+                       /* Move regular character. */
+                       *next++ = *cp;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Terminate argument if end of string. */
+       if (*cp == '\0') {
+               *next = '\0';
+               *sp = NULL;
+       }
+
+       return arg;
+}
+
 void
 spawn_insert(const char *name, const char *args, int flags)
 {
-       char                    *arg, *cp, *ptr;
        struct spawn_prog       *sp;
+       char                    *arg, *dup, *ptr;
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "spawn_insert: %s[%s]\n", name, args);
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "spawn_insert: %s\n", name);
+       if (args == NULL || *args == '\0')
+               return;
 
        if ((sp = calloc(1, sizeof *sp)) == NULL)
                err(1, "spawn_insert: calloc");
        if ((sp->name = strdup(name)) == NULL)
                err(1, "spawn_insert: strdup");
 
-       /* convert the arguments to an argument list */
-       if ((ptr = cp = strdup(args)) == NULL)
+       /* Convert the arguments to an argument list. */
+       if ((ptr = dup = strdup(args)) == NULL)
                err(1, "spawn_insert: strdup");
-       while ((arg = strsep(&ptr, " \t")) != NULL) {
-               /* empty field; skip it */
+       while ((arg = argsep(&ptr)) != NULL) {
+               /* Null argument; skip it. */
                if (*arg == '\0')
                        continue;
 
@@ -5981,10 +6327,11 @@ spawn_insert(const char *name, const char *args, int flags)
                if ((sp->argv[sp->argc - 1] = strdup(arg)) == NULL)
                        err(1, "spawn_insert: strdup");
        }
-       free(cp);
+       free(dup);
 
        sp->flags = flags;
 
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "arg %d: [%s]\n", sp->argc, sp->argv[sp->argc-1]);
        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&spawns, sp, entry);
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "spawn_insert: leave\n");
 }
@@ -6006,6 +6353,18 @@ spawn_remove(struct spawn_prog *sp)
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "spawn_remove: leave\n");
 }
 
+struct spawn_prog*
+spawn_find(const char *name)
+{
+       struct spawn_prog       *sp;
+
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(sp, &spawns, entry)
+               if (strcasecmp(sp->name, name) == 0)
+                       return sp;
+
+       return NULL;
+}
+
 void
 setspawn(const char *name, const char *args, int flags)
 {
@@ -6017,11 +6376,8 @@ setspawn(const char *name, const char *args, int flags)
                return;
 
        /* Remove any old spawn under the same name. */
-       TAILQ_FOREACH(sp, &spawns, entry)
-               if (!strcmp(sp->name, name)) {
-                       spawn_remove(sp);
-                       break;
-               }
+       if ((sp = spawn_find(name)) != NULL)
+               spawn_remove(sp);
 
        if (*args != '\0')
                spawn_insert(name, args, flags);
@@ -6032,10 +6388,13 @@ setspawn(const char *name, const char *args, int flags)
 }
 
 int
-setconfspawn(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
+setconfspawn(const char *selector, const char *value, int flags)
 {
        char            *args;
 
+       if (selector == NULL || strlen(selector) == 0)
+               return (1);
+
        args = expand_tilde(value);
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "setconfspawn: [%s] [%s]\n", selector, args);
@@ -6061,11 +6420,7 @@ validate_spawns(void)
                        continue;
 
                /* find program */
-               TAILQ_FOREACH(sp, &spawns, entry) {
-                       if (!strcasecmp(kp->spawn_name, sp->name))
-                               break;
-               }
-
+               sp = spawn_find(kp->spawn_name);
                if (sp == NULL || sp->flags & SWM_SPAWN_OPTIONAL)
                        continue;
 
@@ -6093,6 +6448,7 @@ setup_spawn(void)
        setconfspawn("spawn_term",      "xterm",                0);
 
        setconfspawn("menu",            "dmenu_run"
+                                       " $dmenu_bottom"
                                        " -fn $bar_font"
                                        " -nb $bar_color"
                                        " -nf $bar_font_color"
@@ -6100,6 +6456,7 @@ setup_spawn(void)
                                        " -sf $bar_color",      0);
 
        setconfspawn("search",          "dmenu"
+                                       " $dmenu_bottom"
                                        " -i"
                                        " -fn $bar_font"
                                        " -nb $bar_color"
@@ -6108,6 +6465,7 @@ setup_spawn(void)
                                        " -sf $bar_color",      0);
 
        setconfspawn("name_workspace",  "dmenu"
+                                       " $dmenu_bottom"
                                        " -p Workspace"
                                        " -fn $bar_font"
                                        " -nb $bar_color"
@@ -6125,10 +6483,11 @@ setup_spawn(void)
 #define SWM_MODNAME_SIZE       32
 #define        SWM_KEY_WS              "\n+ \t"
 int
-parsekeys(char *keystr, unsigned int currmod, unsigned int *mod, KeySym *ks)
+parsekeys(const char *keystr, unsigned int currmod, unsigned int *mod, KeySym *ks)
 {
-       char                    *cp, *name;
+       char                    *str, *cp, *name;
        KeySym                  uks;
+
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "parsekeys: enter [%s]\n", keystr);
        if (mod == NULL || ks == NULL) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "parsekeys: no mod or key vars\n");
@@ -6138,7 +6497,10 @@ parsekeys(char *keystr, unsigned int currmod, unsigned int *mod, KeySym *ks)
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "parsekeys: no keystr\n");
                return (1);
        }
-       cp = keystr;
+
+       if ((cp = str = strdup(keystr)) == NULL)
+               err(1, "parsekeys: strdup");
+
        *ks = XCB_NO_SYMBOL;
        *mod = 0;
        while ((name = strsep(&cp, SWM_KEY_WS)) != NULL) {
@@ -6147,13 +6509,13 @@ parsekeys(char *keystr, unsigned int currmod, unsigned int *mod, KeySym *ks)
                        cp += (long)strspn(cp, SWM_KEY_WS);
                if (strncasecmp(name, "MOD", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE) == 0)
                        *mod |= currmod;
-               else if (!strncasecmp(name, "Mod1", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE))
+               else if (strncasecmp(name, "Mod1", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE) == 0)
                        *mod |= XCB_MOD_MASK_1;
-               else if (!strncasecmp(name, "Mod2", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE))
+               else if (strncasecmp(name, "Mod2", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE) == 0)
                        *mod += XCB_MOD_MASK_2;
-               else if (!strncmp(name, "Mod3", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE))
+               else if (strncmp(name, "Mod3", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE) == 0)
                        *mod |= XCB_MOD_MASK_3;
-               else if (!strncmp(name, "Mod4", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE))
+               else if (strncmp(name, "Mod4", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE) == 0)
                        *mod |= XCB_MOD_MASK_4;
                else if (strncasecmp(name, "SHIFT", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE) == 0)
                        *mod |= XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT;
@@ -6166,10 +6528,13 @@ parsekeys(char *keystr, unsigned int currmod, unsigned int *mod, KeySym *ks)
                                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY,
                                    "parsekeys: invalid key %s\n",
                                    name);
+                               free(str);
                                return (1);
                        }
                }
        }
+
+       free(str);
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "parsekeys: leave ok\n");
        return (0);
 }
@@ -6268,7 +6633,7 @@ setkeybinding(unsigned int mod, KeySym ks, enum keyfuncid kfid,
 }
 
 int
-setconfbinding(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
+setconfbinding(const char *selector, const char *value, int flags)
 {
        enum keyfuncid          kfid;
        unsigned int            mod;
@@ -6278,8 +6643,9 @@ setconfbinding(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
        (void)flags;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "setconfbinding: enter\n");
-       if (selector == NULL) {
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "setconfbinding: enter selector: [%s], "
+           "value: [%s]\n", selector, value);
+       if (selector == NULL || strlen(selector) == 0) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "setconfbinding: unbind %s\n", value);
                if (parsekeys(value, mod_key, &mod, &ks) == 0) {
                        kfid = KF_INVALID;
@@ -6292,8 +6658,8 @@ setconfbinding(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
        for (kfid = 0; kfid < KF_INVALID; (kfid)++) {
                if (strncasecmp(selector, keyfuncs[kfid].name,
                    SWM_FUNCNAME_LEN) == 0) {
-                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "setconfbinding: %s: match\n",
-                           selector);
+                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "setconfbinding: %s: match "
+                           "keyfunc\n", selector);
                        if (parsekeys(value, mod_key, &mod, &ks) == 0) {
                                setkeybinding(mod, ks, kfid, NULL);
                                return (0);
@@ -6302,19 +6668,15 @@ setconfbinding(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                }
        }
        /* search by custom spawn name */
-       TAILQ_FOREACH(sp, &spawns, entry) {
-               if (strcasecmp(selector, sp->name) == 0) {
-                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "setconfbinding: %s: match\n",
-                           selector);
-                       if (parsekeys(value, mod_key, &mod, &ks) == 0) {
-                               setkeybinding(mod, ks, KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,
-                                   sp->name);
-                               /* Custom binding; validate spawn. */
-                               sp->flags ^= SWM_SPAWN_OPTIONAL;
-                               return (0);
-                       } else
-                               return (1);
-               }
+       if ((sp = spawn_find(selector)) != NULL) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "setconfbinding: %s: match "
+                   "spawn\n", selector);
+               if (parsekeys(value, mod_key, &mod, &ks) == 0) {
+                       setkeybinding(mod, ks, KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,
+                           sp->name);
+                       return (0);
+               } else
+                       return (1);
        }
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "setconfbinding: no match\n");
        return (1);
@@ -6335,6 +6697,7 @@ setup_keys(void)
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_Tab,         KF_FOCUS_NEXT,  NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_k,           KF_FOCUS_PREV,  NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_Tab,         KF_FOCUS_PREV,  NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_u,           KF_FOCUS_URGENT,NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_equal,       KF_HEIGHT_GROW,NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_minus,       KF_HEIGHT_SHRINK,NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_w,           KF_ICONIFY,     NULL);
@@ -6438,6 +6801,8 @@ setup_keys(void)
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_Left,        KF_WS_PREV,     NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_Up,          KF_WS_NEXT_ALL, NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_Down,        KF_WS_PREV_ALL, NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_Up,          KF_WS_NEXT_MOVE,NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_Down,        KF_WS_PREV_MOVE,NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_a,           KF_WS_PRIOR,    NULL);
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
        setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_d,           KF_DUMPWINS,    NULL);
@@ -6457,26 +6822,27 @@ clear_keys(void)
 }
 
 int
-setkeymapping(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
+setkeymapping(const char *selector, const char *value, int flags)
 {
-       char                    keymapping_file[PATH_MAX];
+       char                    *keymapping_file;
 
        /* suppress unused warnings since vars are needed */
        (void)selector;
        (void)flags;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "setkeymapping: enter\n");
-       if (value[0] == '~')
-               snprintf(keymapping_file, sizeof keymapping_file, "%s/%s",
-                   pwd->pw_dir, &value[1]);
-       else
-               strlcpy(keymapping_file, value, sizeof keymapping_file);
+
+       keymapping_file = expand_tilde(value);
+
        clear_keys();
        /* load new key bindings; if it fails, revert to default bindings */
        if (conf_load(keymapping_file, SWM_CONF_KEYMAPPING)) {
                clear_keys();
                setup_keys();
        }
+
+       free(keymapping_file);
+
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "setkeymapping: leave\n");
        return (0);
 }
@@ -6501,9 +6867,11 @@ updatenumlockmask(void)
                                    + j];
                                keycode = xcb_key_symbols_get_keycode(syms,
                                                XK_Num_Lock);
-                               if (kc == *keycode)
-                                       numlockmask = (1 << i);
-                               free(keycode);
+                               if (keycode) {
+                                       if (kc == *keycode)
+                                               numlockmask = (1 << i);
+                                       free(keycode);
+                               }
                        }
                }
                free(modmap_r);
@@ -6527,13 +6895,23 @@ grabkeys(void)
        modifiers[2] = XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK;
        modifiers[3] = numlockmask | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (k = 0; k < num_screens; k++) {
                if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&screens[k].rl))
                        continue;
                xcb_ungrab_key(conn, XCB_GRAB_ANY, screens[k].root,
                        XCB_MOD_MASK_ANY);
                RB_FOREACH(kp, key_tree, &keys) {
+                       /* Skip unused ws binds. */
+                       if ((int)kp->funcid > KF_WS_1 + workspace_limit - 1 &&
+                           kp->funcid <= KF_WS_22)
+                               continue;
+
+                       /* Skip unused mvws binds. */
+                       if ((int)kp->funcid > KF_MVWS_1 + workspace_limit - 1 &&
+                           kp->funcid <= KF_MVWS_22)
+                               continue;
+
                        if ((code = xcb_key_symbols_get_keycode(syms,
                                        kp->keysym))) {
                                for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
@@ -6580,30 +6958,37 @@ const char *quirkname[] = {
        "XTERM_FONTADJ",
        "FULLSCREEN",
        "FOCUSPREV",
+       "NOFOCUSONMAP",
+       "FOCUSONMAP_SINGLE",
 };
 
 /* SWM_Q_WS: retain '|' for back compat for now (2009-08-11) */
 #define        SWM_Q_WS                "\n|+ \t"
 int
-parsequirks(char *qstr, unsigned long *quirk)
+parsequirks(const char *qstr, unsigned long *quirk)
 {
-       char                    *cp, *name;
+       char                    *str, *cp, *name;
        int                     i;
 
-       if (quirk == NULL)
+       if (quirk == NULL || qstr == NULL)
                return (1);
 
-       cp = qstr;
+       if ((str = strdup(qstr)) == NULL)
+               err(1, "parsequirks: strdup");
+
+       cp = str;
        *quirk = 0;
        while ((name = strsep(&cp, SWM_Q_WS)) != NULL) {
                if (cp)
                        cp += (long)strspn(cp, SWM_Q_WS);
                for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(quirkname); i++) {
-                       if (!strncasecmp(name, quirkname[i], SWM_QUIRK_LEN)) {
+                       if (strncasecmp(name, quirkname[i],
+                           SWM_QUIRK_LEN) == 0) {
                                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK,
                                    "parsequirks: %s\n", name);
                                if (i == 0) {
                                        *quirk = 0;
+                                       free(str);
                                        return (0);
                                }
                                *quirk |= 1 << (i-1);
@@ -6613,30 +6998,73 @@ parsequirks(char *qstr, unsigned long *quirk)
                if (i >= LENGTH(quirkname)) {
                        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK,
                            "parsequirks: invalid quirk [%s]\n", name);
+                       free(str);
                        return (1);
                }
        }
+
+       free(str);
        return (0);
 }
 
 void
-quirk_insert(const char *class, const char *name, unsigned long quirk)
+quirk_insert(const char *class, const char *instance, const char *name,
+    unsigned long quirk)
 {
        struct quirk            *qp;
+       int                     failed = 0;
+       char                    *str;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_insert: %s:%s [%lu]\n", class, name,
-           quirk);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_insert: class: %s, instance: %s, name: %s,"
+           " value: %lu\n", class, instance, name, quirk);
 
        if ((qp = malloc(sizeof *qp)) == NULL)
                err(1, "quirk_insert: malloc");
+
        if ((qp->class = strdup(class)) == NULL)
                err(1, "quirk_insert: strdup");
+       if ((qp->instance = strdup(instance)) == NULL)
+               err(1, "quirk_insert: strdup");
        if ((qp->name = strdup(name)) == NULL)
                err(1, "quirk_insert: strdup");
 
-       qp->quirk = quirk;
-       TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&quirks, qp, entry);
-
+       if (asprintf(&str, "^%s$", class) == -1)
+               err(1, "quirk_insert: asprintf");
+       if (regcomp(&qp->regex_class, str, REG_EXTENDED | REG_NOSUB)) {
+               add_startup_exception("regex failed to compile quirk 'class' "
+                   "field: %s", class);
+               failed = 1;
+       }
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_insert: compiled: %s\n", str);
+       free(str);
+
+       if (asprintf(&str, "^%s$", instance) == -1)
+               err(1, "quirk_insert: asprintf");
+       if (regcomp(&qp->regex_instance, str, REG_EXTENDED | REG_NOSUB)) {
+               add_startup_exception("regex failed to compile quirk 'instance'"
+                   " field: %s", instance);
+               failed = 1;
+       }
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_insert: compiled: %s\n", str);
+       free(str);
+
+       if (asprintf(&str, "^%s$", name) == -1)
+               err(1, "quirk_insert: asprintf");
+       if (regcomp(&qp->regex_name, str, REG_EXTENDED | REG_NOSUB)) {
+               add_startup_exception("regex failed to compile quirk 'name' "
+                   "field: %s", name);
+               failed = 1;
+       }
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_insert: compiled: %s\n", str);
+       free(str);
+
+       if (failed) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_insert: regex error; skipping.\n");
+               quirk_free(qp);
+       } else {
+               qp->quirk = quirk;
+               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&quirks, qp, entry);
+       }
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_insert: leave\n");
 }
 
@@ -6647,41 +7075,54 @@ quirk_remove(struct quirk *qp)
            qp->name, qp->quirk);
 
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&quirks, qp, entry);
+       quirk_free(qp);
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_remove: leave\n");
+}
+
+void
+quirk_free(struct quirk *qp)
+{
+       regfree(&qp->regex_class);
+       regfree(&qp->regex_instance);
+       regfree(&qp->regex_name);
        free(qp->class);
+       free(qp->instance);
        free(qp->name);
        free(qp);
-
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_remove: leave\n");
 }
 
 void
-quirk_replace(struct quirk *qp, const char *class, const char *name,
-    unsigned long quirk)
+quirk_replace(struct quirk *qp, const char *class, const char *instance,
+    const char *name, unsigned long quirk)
 {
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_replace: %s:%s [%lu]\n", qp->class,
-           qp->name, qp->quirk);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_replace: %s:%s:%s [%lu]\n", qp->class,
+           qp->instance, qp->name, qp->quirk);
 
        quirk_remove(qp);
-       quirk_insert(class, name, quirk);
+       quirk_insert(class, instance, name, quirk);
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "quirk_replace: leave\n");
 }
 
 void
-setquirk(const char *class, const char *name, unsigned long quirk)
+setquirk(const char *class, const char *instance, const char *name,
+    unsigned long quirk)
 {
        struct quirk            *qp;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "setquirk: enter %s:%s [%lu]\n", class, name,
-          quirk);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "setquirk: enter %s:%s:%s [%lu]\n", class,
+           instance, name, quirk);
 
        /* Remove/replace existing quirk. */
        TAILQ_FOREACH(qp, &quirks, entry) {
-               if (!strcmp(qp->class, class) && !strcmp(qp->name, name)) {
-                       if (!quirk)
+               if (strcmp(qp->class, class) == 0 &&
+                   strcmp(qp->instance, instance) == 0 &&
+                   strcmp(qp->name, name) == 0) {
+                       if (quirk == 0)
                                quirk_remove(qp);
                        else
-                               quirk_replace(qp, class, name, quirk);
+                               quirk_replace(qp, class, instance, name, quirk);
                        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "setquirk: leave\n");
                        return;
                }
@@ -6689,49 +7130,99 @@ setquirk(const char *class, const char *name, unsigned long quirk)
 
        /* Only insert if quirk is not NONE. */
        if (quirk)
-               quirk_insert(class, name, quirk);
+               quirk_insert(class, instance, name, quirk);
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "setquirk: leave\n");
 }
 
+/* Eat '\' in str used to escape square brackets and colon. */
+void
+unescape_selector(char *str)
+{
+       char *cp;
+
+       for (cp = str; *str != '\0'; ++str, ++cp) {
+               if (*str == '\\' && (*(str + 1) == ':' || *(str + 1) == ']' ||
+                   *(str + 1) == '['))
+                       ++str;
+
+               *cp = *str;
+       }
+       *cp = '\0';
+}
+
 int
-setconfquirk(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
+setconfquirk(const char *selector, const char *value, int flags)
 {
-       char                    *cp, *class, *name;
-       int                     retval;
+       char                    *str, *cp, *class;
+       char                    *instance = NULL, *name = NULL;
+       int                     retval, count = 0;
        unsigned long           qrks;
 
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
        (void)flags;
 
-       if (selector == NULL)
+       if (selector == NULL || strlen(selector) == 0)
                return (0);
-       if ((cp = strchr(selector, ':')) == NULL)
-               return (0);
-       *cp = '\0';
-       class = selector;
-       name = cp + 1;
+
+       if ((str = strdup(selector)) == NULL)
+               err(1, "setconfquirk: strdup");
+
+       /* Find non-escaped colon. */
+       class = cp = str;
+       if (*cp == ':') {
+               *cp = '\0';
+               ++count;
+       }
+
+       for (++cp; *cp != '\0'; ++cp) {
+               if (*cp == ':' && *(cp - 1) != '\\') {
+                       *cp = '\0';
+                       ++count;
+               }
+       }
+
+       unescape_selector(class);
+       if (count) {
+               instance = class + strlen(class) + 1;
+               unescape_selector(instance);
+       } else {
+               instance = ".*";
+       }
+
+       if (count > 1) {
+               name = instance + strlen(instance) + 1;
+               unescape_selector(name);
+       } else {
+               name = ".*";
+       }
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CONF, "setconfquirk: class: %s, instance: %s, "
+           "name: %s\n", class, instance, name);
+
        if ((retval = parsequirks(value, &qrks)) == 0)
-               setquirk(class, name, qrks);
+               setquirk(class, instance, name, qrks);
+
+       free(str);
        return (retval);
 }
 
 void
 setup_quirks(void)
 {
-       setquirk("MPlayer",             "xv",           SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_FULLSCREEN | SWM_Q_FOCUSPREV);
-       setquirk("OpenOffice.org 3.2",  "VCLSalFrame",  SWM_Q_FLOAT);
-       setquirk("Firefox-bin",         "firefox-bin",  SWM_Q_TRANSSZ);
-       setquirk("Firefox",             "Dialog",       SWM_Q_FLOAT);
-       setquirk("Gimp",                "gimp",         SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_ANYWHERE);
-       setquirk("XTerm",               "xterm",        SWM_Q_XTERM_FONTADJ);
-       setquirk("xine",                "Xine Window",  SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_ANYWHERE);
-       setquirk("Xitk",                "Xitk Combo",   SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_ANYWHERE);
-       setquirk("xine",                "xine Panel",   SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_ANYWHERE);
-       setquirk("Xitk",                "Xine Window",  SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_ANYWHERE);
-       setquirk("xine",                "xine Video Fullscreen Window", SWM_Q_FULLSCREEN | SWM_Q_FLOAT);
-       setquirk("pcb",                 "pcb",          SWM_Q_FLOAT);
-       setquirk("SDL_App",             "SDL_App",      SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_FULLSCREEN);
+       setquirk("MPlayer",             "xv",           ".*",   SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_FULLSCREEN | SWM_Q_FOCUSPREV);
+       setquirk("OpenOffice.org 3.2",  "VCLSalFrame",  ".*",   SWM_Q_FLOAT);
+       setquirk("Firefox-bin",         "firefox-bin",  ".*",   SWM_Q_TRANSSZ);
+       setquirk("Firefox",             "Dialog",       ".*",   SWM_Q_FLOAT);
+       setquirk("Gimp",                "gimp",         ".*",   SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_ANYWHERE);
+       setquirk("XTerm",               "xterm",        ".*",   SWM_Q_XTERM_FONTADJ);
+       setquirk("xine",                "Xine Window",  ".*",   SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_ANYWHERE);
+       setquirk("Xitk",                "Xitk Combo",   ".*",   SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_ANYWHERE);
+       setquirk("xine",                "xine Panel",   ".*",   SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_ANYWHERE);
+       setquirk("Xitk",                "Xine Window",  ".*",   SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_ANYWHERE);
+       setquirk("xine",                "xine Video Fullscreen Window", ".*",   SWM_Q_FULLSCREEN | SWM_Q_FLOAT);
+       setquirk("pcb",                 "pcb",          ".*",   SWM_Q_FLOAT);
+       setquirk("SDL_App",             "SDL_App",      ".*",   SWM_Q_FLOAT | SWM_Q_FULLSCREEN);
 }
 
 /* conf file stuff */
@@ -6749,6 +7240,7 @@ enum {
        SWM_S_BAR_FORMAT,
        SWM_S_BAR_JUSTIFY,
        SWM_S_BORDER_WIDTH,
+       SWM_S_BOUNDARY_WIDTH,
        SWM_S_CLOCK_ENABLED,
        SWM_S_CLOCK_FORMAT,
        SWM_S_CYCLE_EMPTY,
@@ -6759,6 +7251,7 @@ enum {
        SWM_S_FOCUS_CLOSE_WRAP,
        SWM_S_FOCUS_DEFAULT,
        SWM_S_FOCUS_MODE,
+       SWM_S_ICONIC_ENABLED,
        SWM_S_REGION_PADDING,
        SWM_S_SPAWN_ORDER,
        SWM_S_SPAWN_TERM,
@@ -6767,23 +7260,20 @@ enum {
        SWM_S_STACK_ENABLED,
        SWM_S_TERM_WIDTH,
        SWM_S_TILE_GAP,
-       SWM_S_TITLE_CLASS_ENABLED,
-       SWM_S_TITLE_NAME_ENABLED,
        SWM_S_URGENT_ENABLED,
        SWM_S_VERBOSE_LAYOUT,
+       SWM_S_WINDOW_CLASS_ENABLED,
+       SWM_S_WINDOW_INSTANCE_ENABLED,
        SWM_S_WINDOW_NAME_ENABLED,
        SWM_S_WORKSPACE_LIMIT
 };
 
 int
-setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
+setconfvalue(const char *selector, const char *value, int flags)
 {
        struct workspace        *ws;
        int                     i, ws_id, num_screens;
-       char                    *b;
-
-       /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
-       (void)selector;
+       char                    *b, *str;
 
        switch (flags) {
        case SWM_S_BAR_ACTION:
@@ -6811,7 +7301,7 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                        errx(1, "setconfvalue: bar_enabled_ws: invalid "
                            "workspace %d.", ws_id + 1);
 
-               num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+               num_screens = get_screen_count();
                for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
                        ws = (struct workspace *)&screens[i].ws;
                        ws[ws_id].bar_enabled = atoi(value);
@@ -6828,8 +7318,11 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                if (!bar_font_legacy)
                        break;
 
+               if ((str = strdup(value)) == NULL)
+                       err(1, "setconfvalue: strdup");
+
                /* If there are any non-XLFD entries, switch to Xft mode. */
-               while ((b = strsep(&value, ",")) != NULL) {
+               while ((b = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
                        if (*b == '\0')
                                continue;
                        if (!isxlfd(b)) {
@@ -6837,6 +7330,8 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                                break;
                        }
                }
+
+               free(str);
                break;
        case SWM_S_BAR_FORMAT:
                free(bar_format);
@@ -6844,11 +7339,11 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                        err(1, "setconfvalue: bar_format");
                break;
        case SWM_S_BAR_JUSTIFY:
-               if (!strcmp(value, "left"))
+               if (strcmp(value, "left") == 0)
                        bar_justify = SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_LEFT;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "center"))
+               else if (strcmp(value, "center") == 0)
                        bar_justify = SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_CENTER;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "right"))
+               else if (strcmp(value, "right") == 0)
                        bar_justify = SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_RIGHT;
                else
                        errx(1, "invalid bar_justify");
@@ -6858,6 +7353,11 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                if (border_width < 0)
                        border_width = 0;
                break;
+       case SWM_S_BOUNDARY_WIDTH:
+               boundary_width = atoi(value);
+               if (boundary_width < 0)
+                       boundary_width = 0;
+               break;
        case SWM_S_CLOCK_ENABLED:
                clock_enabled = atoi(value);
                break;
@@ -6883,13 +7383,13 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                disable_border = atoi(value);
                break;
        case SWM_S_FOCUS_CLOSE:
-               if (!strcmp(value, "first"))
+               if (strcmp(value, "first") == 0)
                        focus_close = SWM_STACK_BOTTOM;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "last"))
+               else if (strcmp(value, "last") == 0)
                        focus_close = SWM_STACK_TOP;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "next"))
+               else if (strcmp(value, "next") == 0)
                        focus_close = SWM_STACK_ABOVE;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "previous"))
+               else if (strcmp(value, "previous") == 0)
                        focus_close = SWM_STACK_BELOW;
                else
                        errx(1, "focus_close");
@@ -6898,37 +7398,40 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                focus_close_wrap = atoi(value);
                break;
        case SWM_S_FOCUS_DEFAULT:
-               if (!strcmp(value, "last"))
+               if (strcmp(value, "last") == 0)
                        focus_default = SWM_STACK_TOP;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "first"))
+               else if (strcmp(value, "first") == 0)
                        focus_default = SWM_STACK_BOTTOM;
                else
                        errx(1, "focus_default");
                break;
        case SWM_S_FOCUS_MODE:
-               if (!strcmp(value, "default"))
+               if (strcmp(value, "default") == 0)
                        focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "follow") ||
-                   !strcmp(value, "follow_cursor"))
+               else if (strcmp(value, "follow") == 0 ||
+                   strcmp(value, "follow_cursor") == 0)
                        focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "manual"))
+               else if (strcmp(value, "manual") == 0)
                        focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_MANUAL;
                else
                        errx(1, "focus_mode");
                break;
+       case SWM_S_ICONIC_ENABLED:
+               iconic_enabled = atoi(value);
+               break;
        case SWM_S_REGION_PADDING:
                region_padding = atoi(value);
                if (region_padding < 0)
                        region_padding = 0;
                break;
        case SWM_S_SPAWN_ORDER:
-               if (!strcmp(value, "first"))
+               if (strcmp(value, "first") == 0)
                        spawn_position = SWM_STACK_BOTTOM;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "last"))
+               else if (strcmp(value, "last") == 0)
                        spawn_position = SWM_STACK_TOP;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "next"))
+               else if (strcmp(value, "next") == 0)
                        spawn_position = SWM_STACK_ABOVE;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "previous"))
+               else if (strcmp(value, "previous") == 0)
                        spawn_position = SWM_STACK_BELOW;
                else
                        errx(1, "spawn_position");
@@ -6953,14 +7456,6 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                break;
        case SWM_S_TILE_GAP:
                tile_gap = atoi(value);
-               if (tile_gap < 0)
-                       tile_gap = 0;
-               break;
-       case SWM_S_TITLE_CLASS_ENABLED:
-               title_class_enabled = atoi(value);
-               break;
-       case SWM_S_TITLE_NAME_ENABLED:
-               title_name_enabled = atoi(value);
                break;
        case SWM_S_URGENT_ENABLED:
                urgent_enabled = atoi(value);
@@ -6974,6 +7469,12 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                                layouts[i].l_string = plain_stacker;
                }
                break;
+       case SWM_S_WINDOW_CLASS_ENABLED:
+               window_class_enabled = atoi(value);
+               break;
+       case SWM_S_WINDOW_INSTANCE_ENABLED:
+               window_instance_enabled = atoi(value);
+               break;
        case SWM_S_WINDOW_NAME_ENABLED:
                window_name_enabled = atoi(value);
                break;
@@ -6991,19 +7492,19 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 }
 
 int
-setconfmodkey(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
+setconfmodkey(const char *selector, const char *value, int flags)
 {
        /* suppress unused warnings since vars are needed */
        (void)selector;
        (void)flags;
 
-       if (!strncasecmp(value, "Mod1", strlen("Mod1")))
+       if (strncasecmp(value, "Mod1", strlen("Mod1")) == 0)
                update_modkey(XCB_MOD_MASK_1);
-       else if (!strncasecmp(value, "Mod2", strlen("Mod2")))
+       else if (strncasecmp(value, "Mod2", strlen("Mod2")) == 0)
                update_modkey(XCB_MOD_MASK_2);
-       else if (!strncasecmp(value, "Mod3", strlen("Mod3")))
+       else if (strncasecmp(value, "Mod3", strlen("Mod3")) == 0)
                update_modkey(XCB_MOD_MASK_3);
-       else if (!strncasecmp(value, "Mod4", strlen("Mod4")))
+       else if (strncasecmp(value, "Mod4", strlen("Mod4")) == 0)
                update_modkey(XCB_MOD_MASK_4);
        else
                return (1);
@@ -7011,14 +7512,16 @@ setconfmodkey(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 }
 
 int
-setconfcolor(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
+setconfcolor(const char *selector, const char *value, int flags)
 {
-       setscreencolor(value, ((selector == NULL)?-1:atoi(selector)), flags);
+       setscreencolor(value,
+           (selector == NULL || strlen(selector) == 0) ? -1 : atoi(selector),
+           flags);
        return (0);
 }
 
 int
-setconfregion(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
+setconfregion(const char *selector, const char *value, int flags)
 {
        /* suppress unused warnings since vars are needed */
        (void)selector;
@@ -7029,7 +7532,7 @@ setconfregion(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 }
 
 int
-setautorun(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
+setautorun(const char *selector, const char *value, int flags)
 {
        int                     ws_id;
        char                    s[1024];
@@ -7101,7 +7604,7 @@ setautorun(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 }
 
 int
-setlayout(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
+setlayout(const char *selector, const char *value, int flags)
 {
        int                     ws_id, i, x, mg, ma, si, ar, f = 0;
        int                     st = SWM_V_STACK, num_screens;
@@ -7125,24 +7628,24 @@ setlayout(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
        if (ws_id < 0 || ws_id >= workspace_limit)
                errx(1, "layout: invalid workspace %d", ws_id + 1);
 
-       if (!strcasecmp(s, "vertical"))
+       if (strcasecmp(s, "vertical") == 0)
                st = SWM_V_STACK;
-       else if (!strcasecmp(s, "vertical_flip")) {
+       else if (strcasecmp(s, "vertical_flip") == 0) {
                st = SWM_V_STACK;
                f = 1;
-       } else if (!strcasecmp(s, "horizontal"))
+       } else if (strcasecmp(s, "horizontal") == 0)
                st = SWM_H_STACK;
-       else if (!strcasecmp(s, "horizontal_flip")) {
+       else if (strcasecmp(s, "horizontal_flip") == 0) {
                st = SWM_H_STACK;
                f = 1;
-       } else if (!strcasecmp(s, "fullscreen"))
+       } else if (strcasecmp(s, "fullscreen") == 0)
                st = SWM_MAX_STACK;
        else
                errx(1, "invalid layout entry, should be 'ws[<idx>]:"
                    "<master_grow>:<master_add>:<stack_inc>:<always_raise>:"
                    "<type>'");
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
                ws = (struct workspace *)&screens[i].ws;
                ws[ws_id].cur_layout = &layouts[st];
@@ -7188,7 +7691,7 @@ setlayout(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 /* config options */
 struct config_option {
        char                    *optname;
-       int                     (*func)(char*, char*, int);
+       int                     (*func)(const char*, const char*, int);
        int                     funcflags;
 };
 struct config_option configopt[] = {
@@ -7208,6 +7711,7 @@ struct config_option configopt[] = {
        { "bar_justify",                setconfvalue,   SWM_S_BAR_JUSTIFY },
        { "bind",                       setconfbinding, 0 },
        { "border_width",               setconfvalue,   SWM_S_BORDER_WIDTH },
+       { "boundary_width",             setconfvalue,   SWM_S_BOUNDARY_WIDTH },
        { "clock_enabled",              setconfvalue,   SWM_S_CLOCK_ENABLED },
        { "clock_format",               setconfvalue,   SWM_S_CLOCK_FORMAT },
        { "color_focus",                setconfcolor,   SWM_S_COLOR_FOCUS },
@@ -7220,6 +7724,7 @@ struct config_option configopt[] = {
        { "focus_close_wrap",           setconfvalue,   SWM_S_FOCUS_CLOSE_WRAP },
        { "focus_default",              setconfvalue,   SWM_S_FOCUS_DEFAULT },
        { "focus_mode",                 setconfvalue,   SWM_S_FOCUS_MODE },
+       { "iconic_enabled",             setconfvalue,   SWM_S_ICONIC_ENABLED },
        { "keyboard_mapping",           setkeymapping,  0 },
        { "layout",                     setlayout,      0 },
        { "modkey",                     setconfmodkey,  0 },
@@ -7234,10 +7739,12 @@ struct config_option configopt[] = {
        { "stack_enabled",              setconfvalue,   SWM_S_STACK_ENABLED },
        { "term_width",                 setconfvalue,   SWM_S_TERM_WIDTH },
        { "tile_gap",                   setconfvalue,   SWM_S_TILE_GAP },
-       { "title_class_enabled",        setconfvalue,   SWM_S_TITLE_CLASS_ENABLED },
-       { "title_name_enabled",         setconfvalue,   SWM_S_TITLE_NAME_ENABLED },
+       { "title_class_enabled",        setconfvalue,   SWM_S_WINDOW_CLASS_ENABLED }, /* For backwards compat. */
+       { "title_name_enabled",         setconfvalue,   SWM_S_WINDOW_INSTANCE_ENABLED }, /* For backwards compat. */
        { "urgent_enabled",             setconfvalue,   SWM_S_URGENT_ENABLED },
        { "verbose_layout",             setconfvalue,   SWM_S_VERBOSE_LAYOUT },
+       { "window_class_enabled",       setconfvalue,   SWM_S_WINDOW_CLASS_ENABLED },
+       { "window_instance_enabled",    setconfvalue,   SWM_S_WINDOW_INSTANCE_ENABLED },
        { "window_name_enabled",        setconfvalue,   SWM_S_WINDOW_NAME_ENABLED },
        { "workspace_limit",            setconfvalue,   SWM_S_WORKSPACE_LIMIT },
 };
@@ -7271,9 +7778,9 @@ int
 conf_load(const char *filename, int keymapping)
 {
        FILE                    *config;
-       char                    *line = NULL, *cp, *optsub, *optval = NULL;
+       char                    *line = NULL, *cp, *ce, *optsub, *optval = NULL;
        size_t                  linelen, lineno = 0;
-       int                     wordlen, i, optidx;
+       int                     wordlen, i, optidx, count;
        struct config_option    *opt = NULL;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CONF, "conf_load: begin\n");
@@ -7282,6 +7789,9 @@ conf_load(const char *filename, int keymapping)
                warnx("conf_load: no filename");
                return (1);
        }
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CONF, "conf_load: open %s\n", filename);
+
        if ((config = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
                warn("conf_load: fopen: %s", filename);
                return (1);
@@ -7314,7 +7824,7 @@ conf_load(const char *filename, int keymapping)
                optidx = -1;
                for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(configopt); i++) {
                        opt = &configopt[i];
-                       if (!strncasecmp(cp, opt->optname, wordlen) &&
+                       if (strncasecmp(cp, opt->optname, wordlen) == 0 &&
                            (int)strlen(opt->optname) == wordlen) {
                                optidx = i;
                                break;
@@ -7333,55 +7843,47 @@ conf_load(const char *filename, int keymapping)
                cp += wordlen;
                cp += strspn(cp, " \t\n"); /* eat whitespace */
 
-               /* from here on out we call goto invalid to continue */
-
                /* get [selector] if any */
                optsub = NULL;
+               count = 0;
                if (*cp == '[') {
-                       cp++;
-                       wordlen = strcspn(cp, "]");
-                       if (*cp != ']') {
-                               if (wordlen == 0) {
-                                       add_startup_exception("%s: line %zd: "
-                                           "syntax error", filename, lineno);
-                                       goto invalid;
+                       ++count;
+                       /* Get length of selector. */
+                       for (ce = ++cp; *ce != '\0'; ++ce) {
+                               /* Find matching (not escaped) bracket. */
+                               if (*ce == ']' && *(ce - 1) != '\\') {
+                                       --count;
+                                       break;
                                }
+                       }
 
-                               if (asprintf(&optsub, "%.*s", wordlen, cp) ==
-                                   -1) {
-                                       add_startup_exception("%s: line %zd: "
-                                           "unable to allocatememory for "
-                                           "selector", filename, lineno);
-                                       goto invalid;
-                               }
+                       if (count > 0) {
+                               add_startup_exception("%s: line %zd: syntax "
+                                   "error: unterminated selector", filename,
+                                   lineno);
+                               continue;
                        }
-                       cp += wordlen;
-                       cp += strspn(cp, "] \t\n"); /* eat trailing */
+
+                       /* ce points at ']'; terminate optsub. */
+                       *ce = '\0';
+                       optsub = cp;
+                       cp = ce + 1;
                }
                cp += strspn(cp, "= \t\n"); /* eat trailing */
                /* get RHS value */
-               optval = strdup(cp);
+               optval = cp;
                if (strlen(optval) == 0) {
                        add_startup_exception("%s: line %zd: must supply value "
                            "to %s", filename, lineno,
                            configopt[optidx].optname);
-                       goto invalid;
+                       continue;
                }
                /* call function to deal with it all */
                if (configopt[optidx].func(optsub, optval,
                    configopt[optidx].funcflags) != 0) {
                        add_startup_exception("%s: line %zd: invalid data for "
                            "%s", filename, lineno, configopt[optidx].optname);
-                       goto invalid;
-               }
-invalid:
-               if (optval) {
-                       free(optval);
-                       optval = NULL;
-               }
-               if (optsub) {
-                       free(optsub);
-                       optsub = NULL;
+                       continue;
                }
        }
 
@@ -7408,7 +7910,7 @@ set_child_transient(struct ws_win *win, xcb_window_t *trans)
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "set_child_transient: parent doesn't exist"
                    " for 0x%x trans 0x%x\n", win->id, win->transient);
 
-               r = root_to_region(win->wa->root, SWM_CK_ALL);
+               r = root_to_region(win->s->root, SWM_CK_ALL);
                ws = r->ws;
                /* parent doen't exist in our window list */
                TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &ws->winlist, entry) {
@@ -7447,7 +7949,7 @@ window_get_pid(xcb_window_t win)
 
        pc = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win, apid, XCB_ATOM_CARDINAL, 0, 1);
        pr = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, pc, NULL);
-       if (!pr)
+       if (pr == NULL)
                goto tryharder;
        if (pr->type != XCB_ATOM_CARDINAL) {
                free(pr);
@@ -7465,7 +7967,7 @@ tryharder:
        pc = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win, apid, XCB_ATOM_STRING,
            0, SWM_PROPLEN);
        pr = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, pc, NULL);
-       if (!pr)
+       if (pr == NULL)
                return (0);
        if (pr->type != apid) {
                free(pr);
@@ -7491,7 +7993,7 @@ get_ws_idx(xcb_window_t id)
                xcb_get_property(conn, 0, id, a_swm_ws,
                    XCB_ATOM_STRING, 0, SWM_PROPLEN),
                NULL);
-       if (!gpr)
+       if (gpr == NULL)
                return (-1);
        if (gpr->type) {
                proplen = xcb_get_property_value_length(gpr);
@@ -7527,11 +8029,12 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id, uint16_t mapped)
        struct ws_win           *win, *ww;
        int                     ws_idx;
        char                    ws_idx_str[SWM_PROPLEN];
+       char                    *class, *instance, *name;
        struct swm_region       *r;
        struct pid_e            *p;
        struct quirk            *qp;
        uint32_t                i, wa[2];
-       xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_t      wpr;
+       xcb_get_geometry_reply_t        *gr;
 
        if ((win = find_window(id)) != NULL) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "manage_window: win 0x%x already "
@@ -7553,6 +8056,13 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id, uint16_t mapped)
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "manage_window: win 0x%x is new.\n", id);
        }
 
+       /* Try to get initial window geometry. */
+       gr = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn, xcb_get_geometry(conn, id), NULL);
+       if (gr == NULL) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "manage_window: get geometry failed.\n");
+               return (NULL);
+       }
+
        /* Create and initialize ws_win object. */
        if ((win = calloc(1, sizeof(struct ws_win))) == NULL)
                err(1, "manage_window: calloc: failed to allocate memory for "
@@ -7560,26 +8070,32 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id, uint16_t mapped)
 
        win->id = id;
 
-       /* Get window geometry. */
-       win->wa = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn,
-           xcb_get_geometry(conn, win->id),
-           NULL);
-
-       /* Figure out which region the window belongs to. */
-       r = root_to_region(win->wa->root, SWM_CK_ALL);
+       /* Figureout which region the window belongs to. */
+       r = root_to_region(gr->root, SWM_CK_ALL);
 
        /* Ignore window border if there is one. */
-       WIDTH(win) = win->wa->width;
-       HEIGHT(win) = win->wa->height;
-       X(win) = win->wa->x + win->wa->border_width - border_width;
-       Y(win) = win->wa->y + win->wa->border_width - border_width;
+       WIDTH(win) = gr->width;
+       HEIGHT(win) = gr->height;
+       X(win) = gr->x + gr->border_width - border_width;
+       Y(win) = gr->y + gr->border_width - border_width;
        win->bordered = 1;
        win->mapped = mapped;
        win->floatmaxed = 0;
        win->ewmh_flags = 0;
        win->s = r->s;  /* this never changes */
 
-       store_float_geom(win, r);
+       free(gr);
+
+       /* Select which X events to monitor and set border pixel color. */
+       wa[0] = win->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel;
+       wa[1] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW | XCB_EVENT_MASK_PROPERTY_CHANGE |
+           XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY;
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+       wa[1] |= XCB_EVENT_MASK_LEAVE_WINDOW | XCB_EVENT_MASK_FOCUS_CHANGE;
+#endif
+
+       xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id, XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL |
+           XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, wa);
 
        /* Get WM_SIZE_HINTS. */
        xcb_icccm_get_wm_normal_hints_reply(conn,
@@ -7600,18 +8116,8 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id, uint16_t mapped)
                set_child_transient(win, &win->transient);
        }
 
-       /* Get supported protocols. */
-       if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply(conn,
-           xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols(conn, win->id, a_prot),
-           &wpr, NULL)) {
-               for (i = 0; i < wpr.atoms_len; i++) {
-                       if (wpr.atoms[i] == a_takefocus)
-                               win->take_focus = 1;
-                       if (wpr.atoms[i] == a_delete)
-                               win->can_delete = 1;
-               }
-               xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_wipe(&wpr);
-       }
+       /* Get WM_PROTOCOLS. */
+       get_wm_protocols(win);
 
        win->iconic = get_swm_iconic(win);
 
@@ -7642,35 +8148,45 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id, uint16_t mapped)
                    ws_idx_str);
        }
 
+       /* WS must already be set for this to work. */
+       store_float_geom(win);
+
        /* Handle EWMH */
        ewmh_autoquirk(win);
 
        /* Determine initial quirks. */
-       if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_class_reply(conn,
+       xcb_icccm_get_wm_class_reply(conn,
            xcb_icccm_get_wm_class(conn, win->id),
-           &win->ch, NULL)) {
-               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CLASS, "manage_window: class: %s, name: %s\n",
-                   win->ch.class_name, win->ch.instance_name);
-
-               /* java is retarded so treat it special */
-               if (strstr(win->ch.instance_name, "sun-awt")) {
-                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CLASS, "manage_window: java window "
-                           "detected.\n");
-                       win->java = 1;
-               }
-
-               TAILQ_FOREACH(qp, &quirks, entry) {
-                       if (!strcmp(win->ch.class_name, qp->class) &&
-                           !strcmp(win->ch.instance_name, qp->name)) {
-                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CLASS, "manage_window: on quirks"
-                                   "list; mask: 0x%lx\n", qp->quirk);
-                               if (qp->quirk & SWM_Q_FLOAT)
-                                       win->floating = 1;
-                               win->quirks = qp->quirk;
-                       }
+           &win->ch, NULL);
+
+       class = win->ch.class_name ? win->ch.class_name : "";
+       instance = win->ch.instance_name ? win->ch.instance_name : "";
+       name = get_win_name(win->id);
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CLASS, "manage_window: class: %s, instance: %s, "
+           "name: %s\n", class, instance, name);
+
+       /* java is retarded so treat it special */
+       if (win->ch.instance_name && strstr(win->ch.instance_name, "sun-awt")) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CLASS, "manage_window: java window detected.\n");
+               win->java = 1;
+       }
+
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(qp, &quirks, entry) {
+               if (regexec(&qp->regex_class, class, 0, NULL, 0) == 0 &&
+                   regexec(&qp->regex_instance, instance, 0, NULL, 0) == 0 &&
+                   regexec(&qp->regex_name, name, 0, NULL, 0) == 0) {
+                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CLASS, "manage_window: matched "
+                           "quirk: %s:%s:%s mask: %#lx\n", qp->class,
+                           qp->instance, qp->name, qp->quirk);
+                       if (qp->quirk & SWM_Q_FLOAT)
+                               win->floating = 1;
+                       win->quirks = qp->quirk;
                }
        }
 
+       free(name);
+
        /* Alter window position if quirky */
        if (win->quirks & SWM_Q_ANYWHERE)
                win->manual = 1;
@@ -7685,21 +8201,11 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id, uint16_t mapped)
 
        /* Make sure window is positioned inside its region, if its active. */
        if (win->ws->r) {
-               constrain_window(win, win->ws->r, 0);
+               region_containment(win, r, SWM_CW_ALLSIDES |
+                   SWM_CW_HARDBOUNDARY);
                update_window(win);
        }
 
-       /* Select which X events to monitor and set border pixel color. */
-       wa[0] = win->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel;
-       wa[1] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW | XCB_EVENT_MASK_PROPERTY_CHANGE |
-           XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY;
-#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
-       wa[1] |= XCB_EVENT_MASK_LEAVE_WINDOW | XCB_EVENT_MASK_FOCUS_CHANGE;
-#endif
-
-       xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id, XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL |
-           XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, wa);
-
 out:
        /* Figure out where to stack the window in the workspace. */
        if (trans && (ww = find_window(trans)))
@@ -7745,9 +8251,6 @@ free_window(struct ws_win *win)
 
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&win->ws->unmanagedlist, win, entry);
 
-       if (win->wa)
-               free(win->wa);
-
        xcb_icccm_get_wm_class_reply_wipe(&win->ch);
 
        kill_refs(win);
@@ -7787,7 +8290,7 @@ expose(xcb_expose_event_t *e)
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "expose: window: 0x%x\n", e->window);
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                TAILQ_FOREACH(r, &screens[i].rl, entry)
                        if (e->window == WINID(r->bar))
@@ -7933,8 +8436,7 @@ print_win_geom(xcb_window_t w)
        xcb_get_geometry_reply_t        *wa;
 
        wa = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn, xcb_get_geometry(conn, w), NULL);
-
-       if (!wa) {
+       if (wa == NULL) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "print_win_geom: window not found: 0x%x\n",
                    w);
                return;
@@ -8150,10 +8652,13 @@ destroynotify(xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *e)
        unmanage_window(win);
        stack();
 
-       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW && WS_FOCUSED(win->ws)) {
                if (win->ws->focus_pending) {
                        focus_win(win->ws->focus_pending);
                        win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+               } else if (win == win->ws->focus) {
+                       xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT,
+                           win->ws->r->id, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
                }
        }
 
@@ -8294,13 +8799,13 @@ mapnotify(xcb_map_notify_event_t *e)
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "mapnotify: window: 0x%x\n", e->window);
 
-       if ((win = find_window(e->window)) == NULL)
-               win = manage_window(e->window, 1);
+       if ((win = manage_window(e->window, 1)) == NULL)
+               return;
 
        win->mapped = 1;
        set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_NORMAL);
 
-       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW && WS_FOCUSED(win->ws)) {
                if (win->ws->focus_pending == win) {
                        focus_win(win);
                        win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
@@ -8314,16 +8819,28 @@ mapnotify(xcb_map_notify_event_t *e)
 void
 mappingnotify(xcb_mapping_notify_event_t *e)
 {
+       struct ws_win   *w;
+       int     i, j, num_screens;
+
        xcb_refresh_keyboard_mapping(syms, e);
 
-       if (e->request == XCB_MAPPING_KEYBOARD)
+       if (e->request == XCB_MAPPING_KEYBOARD) {
                grabkeys();
+
+               /* Regrab buttons on all managed windows. */
+               num_screens = get_screen_count();
+               for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
+                       for (j = 0; j < workspace_limit; j++)
+                               TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &screens[i].ws[j].winlist,
+                                   entry)
+                                       grabbuttons(w);
+       }
 }
 
 void
 maprequest(xcb_map_request_event_t *e)
 {
-       struct ws_win           *win;
+       struct ws_win           *win, *w = NULL;
        xcb_get_window_attributes_reply_t *war;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "maprequest: win 0x%x\n",
@@ -8345,10 +8862,36 @@ maprequest(xcb_map_request_event_t *e)
 
        win = manage_window(e->window,
            (war->map_state == XCB_MAP_STATE_VIEWABLE));
+       if (win == NULL)
+               goto out;
 
        /* The new window should get focus; prepare. */
-       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
-               win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_magic(win);
+       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW &&
+           !(win->quirks & SWM_Q_NOFOCUSONMAP) &&
+           (!(win->hints.flags & XCB_ICCCM_WM_HINT_INPUT) ||
+            (win->hints.flags & XCB_ICCCM_WM_HINT_INPUT &&
+             win->hints.input))) {
+               if (win->quirks & SWM_Q_FOCUSONMAP_SINGLE) {
+                       /* See if other wins of same type are already mapped. */
+                       TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &win->ws->winlist, entry) {
+                               if (w == win || !w->mapped)
+                                       continue;
+
+                               if (w->ch.class_name &&
+                                   win->ch.class_name &&
+                                   strcmp(w->ch.class_name,
+                                   win->ch.class_name) == 0 &&
+                                   w->ch.instance_name &&
+                                   win->ch.instance_name &&
+                                   strcmp(w->ch.instance_name,
+                                   win->ch.instance_name) == 0)
+                                       break;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (w == NULL)
+                       win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_magic(win);
+       }
 
        /* All windows need to be mapped if they are in the current workspace.*/
        if (win->ws->r)
@@ -8378,7 +8921,10 @@ motionnotify(xcb_motion_notify_event_t *e)
 
        last_event_time = e->time;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_MANUAL)
+               return;
+
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                if (screens[i].root == e->root)
                        break;
@@ -8396,7 +8942,7 @@ char *
 get_atom_name(xcb_atom_t atom)
 {
        char                            *name = NULL;
-#if 0
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG_ATOM_NAMES
        /*
         * This should be disabled during most debugging since
         * xcb_get_* causes an xcb_flush.
@@ -8429,6 +8975,7 @@ void
 propertynotify(xcb_property_notify_event_t *e)
 {
        struct ws_win           *win;
+       struct workspace        *ws;
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
        char                    *name;
 
@@ -8442,28 +8989,44 @@ propertynotify(xcb_property_notify_event_t *e)
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
 
+       ws = win->ws;
+
        last_event_time = e->time;
 
        if (e->atom == a_swm_iconic) {
                if (e->state == XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE) {
                        if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
-                               win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_prev(win);
+                               ws->focus_pending = get_focus_prev(win);
 
                        unfocus_win(win);
                        unmap_window(win);
 
-                       if (win->ws->r) {
+                       if (ws->r) {
                                stack();
-                               if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
-                                       focus_win(win->ws->focus_pending);
-                                       win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+
+                               if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW &&
+                                   WS_FOCUSED(ws)) {
+                                       if (ws->focus_pending) {
+                                               focus_win(ws->focus_pending);
+                                               ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+                                       } else {
+                                               xcb_set_input_focus(conn,
+                                                   XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT,
+                                                   ws->r->id,
+                                                   XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
+                                       }
                                }
+
                                focus_flush();
                        }
                } else if (e->state == XCB_PROPERTY_DELETE) {
+                       /* Reload floating geometry in case region changed. */
+                       if (win->floating)
+                               load_float_geom(win);
+
                        /* The window is no longer iconic, restack ws. */
                        if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
-                               win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_magic(win);
+                               ws->focus_pending = get_focus_magic(win);
 
                        stack();
 
@@ -8473,17 +9036,19 @@ propertynotify(xcb_property_notify_event_t *e)
        } else if (e->atom == a_state) {
                /* State just changed, make sure it gets focused if mapped. */
                if (e->state == XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE) {
-                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW && WS_FOCUSED(ws)) {
                                if (win->mapped &&
-                                   win->ws->focus_pending == win) {
-                                       focus_win(win->ws->focus_pending);
-                                       win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+                                   ws->focus_pending == win) {
+                                       focus_win(ws->focus_pending);
+                                       ws->focus_pending = NULL;
                                }
                        }
                }
        } else if (e->atom == XCB_ATOM_WM_CLASS ||
            e->atom == XCB_ATOM_WM_NAME) {
                bar_draw();
+       } else if (e->atom == a_prot) {
+               get_wm_protocols(win);
        }
 
        xcb_flush(conn);
@@ -8529,13 +9094,15 @@ unmapnotify(xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *e)
                if (ws->r)
                        stack();
 
-               if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
-                       if (ws->r)
+               if (WS_FOCUSED(ws)) {
+                       if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
                                focus_win(get_pointer_win(ws->r->s->root));
-               } else {
-                       if (ws->focus_pending) {
+                       } else if (ws->focus_pending) {
                                focus_win(ws->focus_pending);
                                ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+                       } else if (ws->focus == NULL) {
+                               xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT,
+                                   ws->r->id, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -8546,19 +9113,10 @@ unmapnotify(xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *e)
        focus_flush();
 }
 
-#if 0
-void
-visibilitynotify(xcb_visibility_notify_event_t *e)
-{
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "visibilitynotify: window: 0x%x\n",
-           e->window);
-}
-#endif
-
 void
 clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *e)
 {
-       struct ws_win *win;
+       struct ws_win           *win;
        xcb_map_request_event_t mre;
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
        char                    *name;
@@ -8583,7 +9141,10 @@ clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *e)
 
        if (e->type == ewmh[_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW].atom) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "clientmessage: _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW\n");
-               focus_win(win);
+               if (WS_FOCUSED(win->ws))
+                       focus_win(win);
+               else
+                       win->ws->focus_pending = win;
        }
        if (e->type == ewmh[_NET_CLOSE_WINDOW].atom) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "clientmessage: _NET_CLOSE_WINDOW\n");
@@ -8670,7 +9231,7 @@ enable_wm(void)
        xcb_generic_error_t     *error;
 
        /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
                if ((sc = get_screen(i)) == NULL)
                        errx(1, "ERROR: can't get screen %d.", i);
@@ -8802,7 +9363,7 @@ scan_xrandr(int i)
        if ((screen = get_screen(i)) == NULL)
                errx(1, "ERROR: can't get screen %d.", i);
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        if (i >= num_screens)
                errx(1, "scan_xrandr: invalid screen");
 
@@ -8883,7 +9444,7 @@ screenchange(xcb_randr_screen_change_notify_event_t *e)
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "screenchange: root: 0x%x\n", e->root);
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        /* silly event doesn't include the screen index */
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                if (screens[i].root == e->root)
@@ -8934,11 +9495,11 @@ grab_windows(void)
        xcb_get_property_cookie_t               pc;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: begin\n");
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
                qtc = xcb_query_tree(conn, screens[i].root);
                qtr = xcb_query_tree_reply(conn, qtc, NULL);
-               if (!qtr)
+               if (qtr == NULL)
                        continue;
                wins = xcb_query_tree_children(qtr);
                no = xcb_query_tree_children_length(qtr);
@@ -8960,7 +9521,7 @@ grab_windows(void)
 
                        gac = xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, wins[j]);
                        gar = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn, gac, NULL);
-                       if (!gar) {
+                       if (gar == NULL) {
                                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: skip %#x; "
                                    "doesn't exist.\n", wins[j]);
                                continue;
@@ -8994,7 +9555,7 @@ grab_windows(void)
                for (j = 0; j < no; j++) {
                        gac = xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, wins[j]);
                        gar = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn, gac, NULL);
-                       if (!gar) {
+                       if (gar == NULL) {
                                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: skip %#x; "
                                    "doesn't exist.\n", wins[j]);
                                continue;
@@ -9024,15 +9585,15 @@ grab_windows(void)
 void
 setup_screens(void)
 {
-       int                     i, j, k, num_screens;
-       struct workspace        *ws;
-       uint32_t                gcv[1], wa[1];
-       const xcb_query_extension_reply_t *qep;
+       int                                     i, j, k, num_screens;
+       struct workspace                        *ws;
+       uint32_t                                gcv[1], wa[1];
+       const xcb_query_extension_reply_t       *qep;
        xcb_screen_t                            *screen;
        xcb_randr_query_version_cookie_t        c;
        xcb_randr_query_version_reply_t         *r;
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        if ((screens = calloc(num_screens,
             sizeof(struct swm_screen))) == NULL)
                err(1, "setup_screens: calloc: failed to allocate memory for "
@@ -9133,10 +9694,7 @@ setup_globals(void)
        a_prot = get_atom_from_string("WM_PROTOCOLS");
        a_delete = get_atom_from_string("WM_DELETE_WINDOW");
        a_takefocus = get_atom_from_string("WM_TAKE_FOCUS");
-       a_wmname = get_atom_from_string("WM_NAME");
-       a_netwmname = get_atom_from_string("_NET_WM_NAME");
        a_utf8_string = get_atom_from_string("UTF8_STRING");
-       a_string = get_atom_from_string("STRING");
        a_swm_iconic = get_atom_from_string("_SWM_ICONIC");
        a_swm_ws = get_atom_from_string("_SWM_WS");
 }
@@ -9151,7 +9709,7 @@ workaround(void)
        /* work around sun jdk bugs, code from wmname */
        netwmcheck = get_atom_from_string("_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK");
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
                root = screens[i].root;
 
@@ -9165,7 +9723,8 @@ workaround(void)
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, win,
                    netwmcheck, XCB_ATOM_WINDOW, 32, 1, &win);
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, win,
-                   a_netwmname, a_utf8_string, 8, strlen("LG3D"), "LG3D");
+                   ewmh[_NET_WM_NAME].atom, a_utf8_string, 8, strlen("LG3D"),
+                   "LG3D");
        }
 }
 
@@ -9186,9 +9745,9 @@ shutdown_cleanup(void)
 
        teardown_ewmh();
 
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; ++i) {
-               if (screens[i].bar_gc != 0)
+               if (screens[i].bar_gc != XCB_NONE)
                        xcb_free_gc(conn, screens[i].bar_gc);
                if (!bar_font_legacy)
                        XftColorFree(display, DefaultVisual(display, i),
@@ -9266,7 +9825,7 @@ event_handle(xcb_generic_event_t *evt)
        /*EVENT(XCB_SELECTION_NOTIFY, );*/
        /*EVENT(XCB_SELECTION_REQUEST, );*/
        EVENT(XCB_UNMAP_NOTIFY, unmapnotify);
-       /*EVENT(XCB_VISIBILITY_NOTIFY, visibilitynotify);*/
+       /*EVENT(XCB_VISIBILITY_NOTIFY, );*/
 #undef EVENT
        }
        if (type - xrandr_eventbase == XCB_RANDR_SCREEN_CHANGE_NOTIFY)
@@ -9282,7 +9841,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
        int                     xfd, i, num_screens, startup = 1;
        struct sigaction        sact;
        xcb_generic_event_t     *evt;
-       struct timeval          tv;
+       struct timeval          tv;
        fd_set                  rd;
        int                     rd_max;
        int                     stdin_ready = 0;
@@ -9295,7 +9854,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
        start_argv = argv;
        warnx("Welcome to spectrwm V%s Build: %s", SPECTRWM_VERSION, buildstr);
-       if (!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !setlocale(LC_TIME, ""))
+       if (setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") == NULL || setlocale(LC_TIME, "") == NULL)
                warnx("no locale support");
 
        /* handle some signals */
@@ -9312,7 +9871,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
        sact.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP;
        sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sact, NULL);
 
-       if (!(display = XOpenDisplay(0)))
+       if ((display = XOpenDisplay(0)) == NULL)
                errx(1, "can not open display");
 
        conn = XGetXCBConnection(display);
@@ -9339,7 +9898,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
                free(evt);
        }
 
-       if (enable_wm() != 0)
+       if (enable_wm())
                errx(1, "another window manager is currently running");
 
        /* Load Xcursors and/or cursorfont glyph cursors. */
@@ -9405,7 +9964,7 @@ noconfig:
                setenv("SWM_STARTED", "YES", 1);
 
        /* setup all bars */
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       num_screens = get_screen_count();
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                TAILQ_FOREACH(r, &screens[i].rl, entry)
                        bar_setup(r);