]> code.delx.au - spectrwm/blobdiff - spectrwm.c
print_win_geom is SWM_DEBUG only
[spectrwm] / spectrwm.c
index 229e4013eb47195b60be8ff7d1d46445d9492c19..f9974421deac6447e9dfa905342f3068eaab12f5 100644 (file)
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@
 #include <util.h>
 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
 #include <X11/extensions/Xrandr.h>
+#include <X11/Xcursor/Xcursor.h>
 #include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
 #include <X11/Xlib-xcb.h>
 #include <xcb/xcb_atom.h>
@@ -128,6 +129,7 @@ static const char   *buildstr = SPECTRWM_VERSION;
 #define XCB_ICCCM_SIZE_HINT_P_MIN_SIZE         XCB_SIZE_HINT_P_MIN_SIZE
 #define XCB_ICCCM_SIZE_HINT_P_MAX_SIZE         XCB_SIZE_HINT_P_MAX_SIZE
 #define XCB_ICCCM_SIZE_HINT_P_RESIZE_INC       XCB_SIZE_HINT_P_RESIZE_INC
+#define XCB_ICCCM_WM_HINT_INPUT                        XCB_WM_HINT_INPUT
 #define XCB_ICCCM_WM_HINT_X_URGENCY            XCB_WM_HINT_X_URGENCY
 #define XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC              XCB_WM_STATE_ICONIC
 #define XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_WITHDRAWN           XCB_WM_STATE_WITHDRAWN
@@ -248,6 +250,12 @@ u_int32_t          swm_debug = 0
 #define SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW       (1)
 #define SWM_FOCUS_MANUAL       (2)
 
+#define SWM_CK_NONE            0
+#define SWM_CK_ALL             0x7
+#define SWM_CK_FOCUS           0x1
+#define SWM_CK_POINTER         0x2
+#define SWM_CK_FALLBACK                0x4
+
 #define SWM_CONF_DEFAULT       (0)
 #define SWM_CONF_KEYMAPPING    (1)
 
@@ -268,8 +276,8 @@ xcb_atom_t          a_swm_iconic;
 xcb_atom_t             a_swm_ws;
 volatile sig_atomic_t   running = 1;
 volatile sig_atomic_t   restart_wm = 0;
+xcb_timestamp_t                last_event_time = 0;
 int                    outputs = 0;
-/*int                  last_focus_event = FocusOut;*/
 int                    other_wm;
 int                    ss_enabled = 0;
 int                    xrandr_support;
@@ -418,6 +426,7 @@ struct ws_win {
        int                     floatmaxed;     /* whether maxed by max_stack */
        int                     floating;
        int                     manual;
+       int32_t                 mapped;
        int32_t                 iconic;
        int                     bordered;
        unsigned int            ewmh_flags;
@@ -488,6 +497,7 @@ struct workspace {
        struct layout           *cur_layout;    /* current layout handlers */
        struct ws_win           *focus;         /* may be NULL */
        struct ws_win           *focus_prev;    /* may be NULL */
+       struct ws_win           *focus_pending; /* may be NULL */
        struct swm_region       *r;             /* may be NULL */
        struct swm_region       *old_r;         /* may be NULL */
        struct ws_win_list      winlist;        /* list of windows in ws */
@@ -544,7 +554,6 @@ union arg {
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSNEXT   (0)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSPREV   (1)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSMAIN   (2)
-#define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR    (4)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_SWAPNEXT    (10)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_SWAPPREV    (11)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_SWAPMAIN    (12)
@@ -664,64 +673,284 @@ struct ewmh_hint {
     {"_SWM_WM_STATE_MANUAL", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
 };
 
+/* Cursors */
+enum {
+       XC_FLEUR,
+       XC_LEFT_PTR,
+       XC_BOTTOM_LEFT_CORNER,
+       XC_BOTTOM_RIGHT_CORNER,
+       XC_SIZING,
+       XC_TOP_LEFT_CORNER,
+       XC_TOP_RIGHT_CORNER,
+       XC_MAX
+};
+
+struct cursors {
+       char            *name; /* Name used by Xcursor .*/
+       uint8_t         cf_char; /* cursorfont index. */
+       xcb_cursor_t    cid;
+} cursors[XC_MAX] =    {
+       {"fleur", XC_fleur, XCB_CURSOR_NONE},
+       {"left_ptr", XC_left_ptr, XCB_CURSOR_NONE},
+       {"bottom_left_corner", XC_bottom_left_corner, XCB_CURSOR_NONE},
+       {"bottom_right_corner", XC_bottom_right_corner, XCB_CURSOR_NONE},
+       {"sizing", XC_sizing, XCB_CURSOR_NONE},
+       {"top_left_corner", XC_top_left_corner, XCB_CURSOR_NONE},
+       {"top_right_corner", XC_top_right_corner, XCB_CURSOR_NONE},
+};
+
+/* spawn */
+struct spawn_prog {
+       TAILQ_ENTRY(spawn_prog) entry;
+       char                    *name;
+       int                     argc;
+       char                    **argv;
+};
+TAILQ_HEAD(spawn_list, spawn_prog);
+struct spawn_list              spawns = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(spawns);
+
 /* function prototypes */
+void    adjust_font(struct ws_win *);
+void    bar_class_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
+void    bar_class_title_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
+void    bar_cleanup(struct swm_region *);
+void    bar_extra_stop(void);
+void    bar_fmt(const char *, char *, struct swm_region *, size_t);
+void    bar_fmt_expand(char *, size_t);
+void    bar_fmt_print(void);
+void    bar_print(struct swm_region *, const char *);
+void    bar_print_legacy(struct swm_region *, const char *);
+void    bar_refresh(void);
+void    bar_replace(char *, char *, struct swm_region *, size_t);
+void    bar_replace_pad(char *, int *, size_t);
+char *  bar_replace_seq(char *, char *, struct swm_region *, size_t *,
+            size_t);
+void    bar_setup(struct swm_region *);
+void    bar_signal(int);
+void    bar_title_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
+void    bar_toggle(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    bar_update(void);
+void    bar_urgent(char *, size_t);
+void    bar_window_float(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
+void    bar_window_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
+void    bar_workspace_name(char *, size_t, struct swm_region *);
 void    buttonpress(xcb_button_press_event_t *);
 void    check_conn(void);
+void    clear_keys(void);
 void    clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *);
-int     conf_load(char *, int);
+void    client_msg(struct ws_win *, xcb_atom_t, xcb_timestamp_t);
+int     conf_load(const char *, int);
 void    configurenotify(xcb_configure_notify_event_t *);
 void    configurerequest(xcb_configure_request_event_t *);
+void    config_win(struct ws_win *, xcb_configure_request_event_t *);
 void    constrain_window(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *, int);
+int     count_win(struct workspace *, int);
+void    cursors_cleanup(void);
+void    cursors_load(void);
+void    custom_region(char *);
+void    cyclescr(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    cyclews(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    cycle_layout(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
 void    destroynotify(xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *);
+void    dumpwins(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+int     enable_wm(void);
 void    enternotify(xcb_enter_notify_event_t *);
 void    event_drain(uint8_t);
 void    event_error(xcb_generic_error_t *);
 void    event_handle(xcb_generic_event_t *);
-char   *expand_tilde(char *);
+void    ewmh_autoquirk(struct ws_win *);
+void    ewmh_get_win_state(struct ws_win *);
+int     ewmh_set_win_fullscreen(struct ws_win *, int);
+void    ewmh_update_actions(struct ws_win *);
+void    ewmh_update_win_state(struct ws_win *, xcb_atom_t, long);
+char   *expand_tilde(const char *);
 void    expose(xcb_expose_event_t *);
+void    fake_keypress(struct ws_win *, xcb_keysym_t, uint16_t);
+struct pid_e   *find_pid(pid_t);
+struct ws_win  *find_unmanaged_window(xcb_window_t); 
 struct ws_win  *find_window(xcb_window_t);
+void    floating_toggle(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
 int     floating_toggle_win(struct ws_win *);
 void    focus(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    focus_flush(void);
-struct ws_win  *get_focus_magic(struct ws_win *);
-struct ws_win  *get_focus_prev(struct ws_win *);
-void    focus_win(struct ws_win *);
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
 void    focusin(xcb_focus_in_event_t *);
+void    focusout(xcb_focus_out_event_t *);
 #endif
+void    focus_flush(void);
+void    focus_win(struct ws_win *);
+void    fontset_init(void);
+void    free_window(struct ws_win *);
 xcb_atom_t get_atom_from_string(const char *);
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
 char   *get_atom_name(xcb_atom_t);
+#endif
+struct ws_win   *get_focus_magic(struct ws_win *);
+struct ws_win   *get_focus_prev(struct ws_win *);
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
 char   *get_notify_detail_label(uint8_t);
 char   *get_notify_mode_label(uint8_t);
 #endif
+struct ws_win  *get_pointer_win(xcb_window_t);
+struct ws_win  *get_region_focus(struct swm_region *);
 xcb_screen_t   *get_screen(int);
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+char   *get_stack_mode_name(uint8_t);
+#endif
+int32_t         get_swm_iconic(struct ws_win *);
 char   *get_win_name(xcb_window_t);
+int     get_ws_idx(xcb_window_t);
 uint32_t getstate(xcb_window_t);
 void    grabbuttons(struct ws_win *);
+void    grabkeys(void);
+void    grab_windows(void);
+void    iconify(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+int     isxlfd(char *);
 void    keypress(xcb_key_press_event_t *);
+void    kill_refs(struct ws_win *);
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
 void    leavenotify(xcb_leave_notify_event_t *);
 #endif
 void    load_float_geom(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *);
-void    map_window_raised(xcb_window_t);
+struct ws_win  *manage_window(xcb_window_t, uint16_t);
+void    map_window(struct ws_win *);
 void    mapnotify(xcb_map_notify_event_t *);
 void    mappingnotify(xcb_mapping_notify_event_t *);
 void    maprequest(xcb_map_request_event_t *);
+void    move(struct ws_win *, union arg *);
+void    move_step(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+uint32_t name_to_pixel(const char *);
+void    name_workspace(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
 void    new_region(struct swm_screen *, int, int, int, int);
+int     parsekeys(char *, unsigned int, unsigned int *, KeySym *);
+int     parsequirks(char *, unsigned long *);
 int     parse_rgb(const char *, uint16_t *, uint16_t *, uint16_t *);
+void    pressbutton(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    priorws(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+void    print_win_geom(xcb_window_t);
+#endif
 void    propertynotify(xcb_property_notify_event_t *);
-void    spawn_select(struct swm_region *, union arg *, char *, int *);
+void    quirk_insert(const char *, const char *, unsigned long);
+void    quirk_remove(struct quirk *);
+void    quirk_replace(struct quirk *, const char *, const char *,
+            unsigned long);
+void    quit(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    raise_toggle(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    resize(struct ws_win *, union arg *);
+void    resize_step(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    restart(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+struct swm_region      *root_to_region(xcb_window_t, int);
 void    screenchange(xcb_randr_screen_change_notify_event_t *);
+void    scan_xrandr(int);
+void    search_do_resp(void);
+void    search_resp_name_workspace(const char *, unsigned long);
+void    search_resp_search_window(const char *);
+void    search_resp_search_workspace(const char *);
+void    search_resp_uniconify(const char *, unsigned long);
+void    search_win(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    search_win_cleanup(void);
+void    search_workspace(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    send_to_ws(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+int     setautorun(char *, char *, int);
+int     setconfbinding(char *, char *, int);
+int     setconfcolor(char *, char *, int);
+int     setconfmodkey(char *, char *, int);
+int     setconfquirk(char *, char *, int);
+int     setconfregion(char *, char *, int);
+int     setconfspawn(char *, char *, int);
+int     setconfvalue(char *, char *, int);
+int     setkeymapping(char *, char *, int);
+int     setlayout(char *, char *, int);
+void    setquirk(const char *, const char *, unsigned long);
+void    setscreencolor(char *, int, int);
+void    setspawn(const char *, const char *);
+void    setup_ewmh(void);
+void    setup_globals(void);
+void    setup_keys(void);
+void    setup_quirks(void);
+void    setup_screens(void);
+void    setup_spawn(void);
+void    set_child_transient(struct ws_win *, xcb_window_t *);
+void    set_swm_iconic(struct ws_win *, int);
+void    set_win_state(struct ws_win *, uint16_t);
 void    shutdown_cleanup(void);
+void    sighdlr(int);
+void    socket_setnonblock(int);
+void    sort_windows(struct ws_win_list *);
+void    spawn(int, union arg *, int);
+void    spawn_custom(struct swm_region *, union arg *, const char *);
+int     spawn_expand(struct swm_region *, union arg *, const char *, char ***);
+void    spawn_insert(const char *, const char *);
+void    spawn_remove(struct spawn_prog *);
+void    spawn_replace(struct spawn_prog *, const char *, const char *);
+void    spawn_select(struct swm_region *, union arg *, const char *, int *);
+void    stack_config(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    stack_floater(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *);
+void    stack_master(struct workspace *, struct swm_geometry *, int, int);
 void    store_float_geom(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *);
+char *  strdupsafe(const char *);
+void    swapwin(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    switchws(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    teardown_ewmh(void);
+void    unfocus_win(struct ws_win *);
+void    uniconify(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
 void    unmanage_window(struct ws_win *);
 void    unmapnotify(xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *);
+void    unmap_all(void);
+void    unmap_window(struct ws_win *);
+void    updatenumlockmask(void);
+void    update_modkey(unsigned int);
 void    update_window(struct ws_win *);
+int     validate_win(struct ws_win *);
+int     validate_ws(struct workspace *);
 /*void  visibilitynotify(xcb_visibility_notify_event_t *);*/
+void    version(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+pid_t   window_get_pid(xcb_window_t);
+void    wkill(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
+void    workaround(void);
+void    xft_init(struct swm_region *);
+
+void
+cursors_load(void)
+{
+       xcb_font_t      cf = XCB_NONE;
+       int             i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(cursors); ++i) {
+               /* try to load Xcursor first. */
+               cursors[i].cid = XcursorLibraryLoadCursor(display,
+                   cursors[i].name);
+
+               /* fallback to cursorfont. */
+               if (cursors[i].cid == XCB_CURSOR_NONE) {
+                       if (cf == XCB_NONE) {
+                               cf = xcb_generate_id(conn);
+                               xcb_open_font(conn, cf, strlen("cursor"),
+                                   "cursor");
+                       }
+
+                       cursors[i].cid = xcb_generate_id(conn);
+                       xcb_create_glyph_cursor(conn, cursors[i].cid, cf, cf,
+                           cursors[i].cf_char, cursors[i].cf_char + 1, 0, 0, 0,
+                           0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff);
+
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (cf != XCB_NONE)
+               xcb_close_font(conn, cf);
+}
+
+void
+cursors_cleanup(void)
+{
+       int     i;
+       for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(cursors); ++i)
+               xcb_free_cursor(conn, cursors[i].cid);
+}
 
 char *
-expand_tilde(char *s)
+expand_tilde(const char *s)
 {
        struct passwd           *ppwd;
        int                     i, max;
@@ -751,6 +980,8 @@ expand_tilde(char *s)
        s = &s[i];
 
        ppwd = strlen(user) == 0 ? getpwuid(getuid()) : getpwnam(user);
+       free(user);
+
        if (ppwd == NULL)
                result = strdup(sc);
        else
@@ -806,17 +1037,6 @@ focus_flush(void)
                xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
-void
-map_window_raised(xcb_window_t win)
-{
-       uint32_t        val = XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE;
-
-       xcb_configure_window(conn, win,
-           XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE, &val);
-
-       xcb_map_window(conn, win);
-}
-
 xcb_atom_t
 get_atom_from_string(const char *str)
 {
@@ -837,7 +1057,7 @@ get_atom_from_string(const char *str)
 }
 
 void
-update_iconic(struct ws_win *win, int newv)
+set_swm_iconic(struct ws_win *win, int newv)
 {
        int32_t                         v = newv;
 
@@ -851,12 +1071,11 @@ update_iconic(struct ws_win *win, int newv)
 }
 
 int32_t
-get_iconic(struct ws_win *win)
+get_swm_iconic(struct ws_win *win)
 {
        int32_t                         v = 0;
        xcb_get_property_reply_t        *pr = NULL;
 
-
        pr = xcb_get_property_reply(conn,
            xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win->id, a_swm_iconic,
            XCB_ATOM_INTEGER, 0, 1), NULL);
@@ -1650,7 +1869,7 @@ bar_fmt(const char *fmtexp, char *fmtnew, struct swm_region *r, size_t sz)
 
        if (title_class_enabled) {
                strlcat(fmtnew, "+C", sz);
-               if (title_name_enabled == 0)
+               if (!title_name_enabled)
                        strlcat(fmtnew, "+4<", sz);
        }
 
@@ -1856,7 +2075,7 @@ bar_update(void)
        size_t                  len;
        char                    *b;
 
-       if (bar_enabled == 0)
+       if (!bar_enabled)
                return;
        if (bar_extra && bar_extra_running) {
                /* ignore short reads; it'll correct itself */
@@ -1907,7 +2126,7 @@ bar_toggle(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                        TAILQ_FOREACH(tmpr, &screens[i].rl, entry)
                                if (tmpr->bar)
-                                       map_window_raised(tmpr->bar->id);
+                                       xcb_map_window(conn, tmpr->bar->id);
        }
 
        bar_enabled = !bar_enabled;
@@ -1928,7 +2147,7 @@ bar_refresh(void)
        int                     i, num_screens;
 
        /* do this here because the conf file is in memory */
-       if (bar_extra && bar_extra_running == 0 && bar_argv[0]) {
+       if (bar_extra && !bar_extra_running && bar_argv[0]) {
                /* launch external status app */
                bar_extra_running = 1;
                if (pipe(bar_pipe) == -1)
@@ -1983,7 +2202,7 @@ isxlfd(char *s)
 }
 
 void
-fontset_init()
+fontset_init(void)
 {
        char                    *default_string;
        char                    **missing_charsets;
@@ -2126,7 +2345,7 @@ bar_setup(struct swm_region *r)
                    XCB_RANDR_NOTIFY_MASK_OUTPUT_CHANGE);
 
        if (bar_enabled)
-               map_window_raised(r->bar->id);
+               xcb_map_window(conn, r->bar->id);
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_BAR, "bar_setup: window: 0x%x, (x,y) w x h: (%d,%d) "
            "%d x %d\n", WINID(r->bar), X(r->bar), Y(r->bar), WIDTH(r->bar),
@@ -2153,7 +2372,8 @@ set_win_state(struct ws_win *win, uint16_t state)
 {
        uint16_t                data[2] = { state, XCB_ATOM_NONE };
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "set_win_state: window: 0x%x\n", win->id);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "set_win_state: window: 0x%x, state: %u\n",
+           win->id, state);
 
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
@@ -2202,12 +2422,22 @@ version(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 }
 
 void
-client_msg(struct ws_win *win, xcb_atom_t a)
+client_msg(struct ws_win *win, xcb_atom_t a, xcb_timestamp_t t)
 {
        xcb_client_message_event_t      ev;
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+       char                            *name;
+#endif
 
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+       name = get_atom_name(a);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "client_msg: window: 0x%x, atom: %s(%u), "
+           "time: %#x\n",
+           win->id, name, a, t);
+       free(name);
+#endif
 
        bzero(&ev, sizeof ev);
        ev.response_type = XCB_CLIENT_MESSAGE;
@@ -2215,7 +2445,7 @@ client_msg(struct ws_win *win, xcb_atom_t a)
        ev.type = a_prot;
        ev.format = 32;
        ev.data.data32[0] = a;
-       ev.data.data32[1] = XCB_CURRENT_TIME;
+       ev.data.data32[1] = t;
 
        xcb_send_event(conn, 0, win->id,
            XCB_EVENT_MASK_NO_EVENT, (const char *)&ev);
@@ -2309,9 +2539,9 @@ count_win(struct workspace *ws, int count_transient)
        int                     count = 0;
 
        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &ws->winlist, entry) {
-               if (count_transient == 0 && win->floating)
+               if (!count_transient && win->floating)
                        continue;
-               if (count_transient == 0 && win->transient)
+               if (!count_transient && win->transient)
                        continue;
                if (win->iconic)
                        continue;
@@ -2334,22 +2564,42 @@ quit(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 }
 
 void
-unmap_window(struct ws_win *win)
+map_window(struct ws_win *win)
 {
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "unmap_window: window: 0x%x\n", win->id);
+       uint32_t        val = XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE;
 
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
 
-       /* don't unmap again */
-       if (getstate(win->id) == XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC)
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "map_window: win 0x%x, mapped: %s\n", win->id,
+           YESNO(win->mapped));
+
+       xcb_configure_window(conn, win->id,
+           XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE, &val);
+
+       if (win->mapped)
                return;
 
-       set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC);
+       xcb_map_window(conn, win->id);
+       set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_NORMAL);
+       win->mapped = 1;
+}
+
+void
+unmap_window(struct ws_win *win)
+{
+       if (win == NULL)
+               return;
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "unmap_window: win 0x%x, mapped: %s\n", win->id,
+           YESNO(win->mapped));
+
+       if (!win->mapped)
+               return;
 
        xcb_unmap_window(conn, win->id);
-       xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id,
-           XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL, &win->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel);
+       set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC);
+       win->mapped = 0;
 }
 
 void
@@ -2419,12 +2669,36 @@ restart(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        quit(NULL, NULL);
 }
 
+struct ws_win *
+get_pointer_win(xcb_window_t root)
+{
+       struct ws_win                   *win = NULL;
+       xcb_query_pointer_reply_t       *r;
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "get_pointer_win: root: 0x%x.\n", root);
+
+       r = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, xcb_query_pointer(conn, root), NULL);
+       if (r) {
+               win = find_window(r->child);
+               if (win) {
+                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "get_pointer_win: 0x%x.\n",
+                           win->id);
+               } else {
+                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "get_pointer_win: none.\n");
+               }
+       }
+
+       return win;
+}
+
 struct swm_region *
-root_to_region(xcb_window_t root)
+root_to_region(xcb_window_t root, int check)
 {
+       struct ws_win                   *cfw;
        struct swm_region               *r = NULL;
        int                             i, num_screens;
        xcb_query_pointer_reply_t       *qpr;
+       xcb_get_input_focus_reply_t     *gifr;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "root_to_region: window: 0x%x\n", root);
 
@@ -2433,21 +2707,39 @@ root_to_region(xcb_window_t root)
                if (screens[i].root == root)
                        break;
 
-       qpr = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, xcb_query_pointer(conn,
-           screens[i].root), NULL);
+       if (check & SWM_CK_FOCUS) {
+               /* Try to find an actively focused window */
+               gifr = xcb_get_input_focus_reply(conn,
+                   xcb_get_input_focus(conn), NULL);
+               if (gifr) {
+                       cfw = find_window(gifr->focus);
+                       if (cfw && cfw->ws->r)
+                               r = cfw->ws->r;
 
-       if (qpr) {
-               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "root_to_region: pointer: (%d,%d)\n",
-                   qpr->root_x, qpr->root_y);
-               /* choose a region based on pointer location */
-               TAILQ_FOREACH(r, &screens[i].rl, entry)
-                       if (X(r) <= qpr->root_x && qpr->root_x < MAX_X(r) &&
-                           Y(r) <= qpr->root_y && qpr->root_y < MAX_Y(r))
-                               break;
-               free(qpr);
+                       free(gifr);
+               }
        }
 
-       if (r == NULL)
+       if (r == NULL && check & SWM_CK_POINTER) {
+               /* No region with an active focus; try to use pointer. */
+               qpr = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, xcb_query_pointer(conn,
+                   screens[i].root), NULL);
+
+               if (qpr) {
+                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "root_to_region: pointer: "
+                           "(%d,%d)\n", qpr->root_x, qpr->root_y);
+                       TAILQ_FOREACH(r, &screens[i].rl, entry)
+                               if (X(r) <= qpr->root_x &&
+                                   qpr->root_x < MAX_X(r) &&
+                                   Y(r) <= qpr->root_y &&
+                                   qpr->root_y < MAX_Y(r))
+                                       break;
+                       free(qpr);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Last resort. */
+       if (r == NULL && check & SWM_CK_FALLBACK)
                r = TAILQ_FIRST(&screens[i].rl);
 
        return (r);
@@ -2671,50 +2963,36 @@ unfocus_win(struct ws_win *win)
 
        xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id, XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL,
            &win->ws->r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel);
+
        xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, win->s->root,
            ewmh[_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW].atom, XCB_ATOM_WINDOW, 32, 1, &none);
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "unfocus_win: done.\n");
 }
 
-void
-unfocus_all(void)
-{
-       struct ws_win           *win;
-       int                     i, j, num_screens;
-
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "unfocus_all\n");
-
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
-       for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
-               for (j = 0; j < workspace_limit; j++)
-                       TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &screens[i].ws[j].winlist, entry)
-                               unfocus_win(win);
-}
-
 void
 focus_win(struct ws_win *win)
 {
-       struct ws_win           *cfw = NULL;
+       struct ws_win                   *cfw = NULL, *parent = NULL, *w;
+       struct workspace                *ws;
        xcb_get_input_focus_reply_t     *r;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focus_win: window: 0x%x\n", WINID(win));
 
-       if (win == NULL) {
-               /* Clear the status-bar. */
-               bar_update();
-               return;
-       }
+       if (win == NULL)
+               goto out;
 
        if (win->ws == NULL)
-               return;
+               goto out;
 
-       if (validate_ws(win->ws))
-               return;
+       ws = win->ws;
+
+       if (validate_ws(ws))
+               goto out;
 
        if (validate_win(win)) {
                kill_refs(win);
-               return;
+               goto out;
        }
 
        r = xcb_get_input_focus_reply(conn, xcb_get_input_focus(conn), NULL);
@@ -2725,39 +3003,76 @@ focus_win(struct ws_win *win)
                free(r);
        }
 
-       if (win->ws->focus != win) {
-               if (win->ws->focus != cfw)
-                       unfocus_win(win->ws->focus);
-               win->ws->focus = win;
+       if (ws->focus != win) {
+               if (ws->focus && ws->focus != cfw)
+                       unfocus_win(ws->focus);
+               ws->focus = win;
        }
 
-       /* Tell app it can set focus. */
-       if (win->take_focus) {
-               /* java is special; always tell parent */
-               if (win->transient && win->java)
-                       client_msg(find_window(win->transient), a_takefocus);
-               else
-                       client_msg(win, a_takefocus);
+       /* If this window directs focus to a child window, then clear. */
+       if (win->focus_child)
+               win->focus_child = NULL;
+
+       /* If transient, adjust parent's focus child for focus_magic. */
+       if (win->transient) {
+               parent = find_window(win->transient);
+               if (parent && parent->focus_child != win)
+                       parent->focus_child = win;
        }
 
-       if (cfw != win && win->ws->r != NULL) {
-               if (win->java == 0)
+       if (cfw != win && ws->r != NULL) {
+               /* Set input focus if no input hint, or indicated by hint. */
+               if (!(win->hints.flags & XCB_ICCCM_WM_HINT_INPUT) ||
+                   (win->hints.flags & XCB_ICCCM_WM_HINT_INPUT &&
+                    win->hints.input))
                        xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT,
-                           win->id, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
+                                       win->id, last_event_time);
+
+               /* Tell app it can adjust focus to a specific window. */
+               if (win->take_focus) {
+                       /* java is special; always tell parent */
+                       if (win->transient && win->java)
+                               client_msg(parent, a_takefocus,
+                                   last_event_time);
+                       else
+                               client_msg(win, a_takefocus, last_event_time);
+               }
 
                xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id, XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL,
-                   &win->ws->r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_FOCUS].pixel);
+                   &ws->r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_FOCUS].pixel);
+
+               if (ws->cur_layout->flags & SWM_L_MAPONFOCUS ||
+                   ws->always_raise) {
+                       /* If a parent exists, map it first. */
+                       if (parent) {
+                               map_window(parent);
+
+                               /* Map siblings next. */
+                               TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &ws->winlist, entry)
+                                       if (w != win && !w->iconic &&
+                                           w->transient == parent->id)
+                                               map_window(w);
+                       }
+
+                       /* Map focused window. */
+                       map_window(win);
 
-               if (win->ws->cur_layout->flags & SWM_L_MAPONFOCUS ||
-                   win->ws->always_raise)
-                       map_window_raised(win->id);
+                       /* Finally, map children of focus window. */
+                       TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &ws->winlist, entry)
+                               if (w->transient == win->id && !w->iconic)
+                                       map_window(w);
+
+               }
 
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, win->s->root,
                    ewmh[_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW].atom, XCB_ATOM_WINDOW, 32, 1,
                    &win->id);
        }
 
+out:
        bar_update();
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focus_win: done.\n");
 }
 
 /* If a child window should have focus instead, return it. */
@@ -2765,6 +3080,7 @@ struct ws_win *
 get_focus_magic(struct ws_win *win)
 {
        struct ws_win   *parent = NULL;
+       struct ws_win   *child = NULL;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "get_focus_magic: window: 0x%x\n", WINID(win));
        if (win == NULL)
@@ -2773,19 +3089,19 @@ get_focus_magic(struct ws_win *win)
        if (win->transient) {
                parent = find_window(win->transient);
 
-               /* If parent prefers focus elsewhere, then do so. */
-               if (parent && parent->focus_child) {
-                       if (validate_win(parent->focus_child) == 0)
-                               win = parent->focus_child;
+               /* If parent prefers focus elsewhere, then try to do so. */
+               if (parent && (child = parent->focus_child)) {
+                       if (validate_win(child) == 0 && child->mapped)
+                               win = child;
                        else
                                parent->focus_child = NULL;
                }
        }
 
-       /* If this window prefers focus elsewhere, then do so. */
-       if (win->focus_child) {
-               if (validate_win(win->focus_child) == 0)
-                       win = win->focus_child;
+       /* If this window prefers focus elsewhere, then try to do so. */
+       if ((child = win->focus_child)) {
+               if (validate_win(child) == 0 && child->mapped)
+                       win = child;
                else
                        win->focus_child = NULL;
        }
@@ -2815,7 +3131,6 @@ switchws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        struct swm_region       *this_r, *other_r;
        struct ws_win           *win;
        struct workspace        *new_ws, *old_ws;
-       union arg               a;
 
        if (!(r && r->s))
                return;
@@ -2835,6 +3150,8 @@ switchws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        if (new_ws == old_ws)
                return;
 
+       unfocus_win(old_ws->focus);
+
        other_r = new_ws->r;
        if (other_r == NULL) {
                /* the other workspace is hidden, hide this one */
@@ -2850,21 +3167,36 @@ switchws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        this_r->ws = new_ws;
        new_ws->r = this_r;
 
-       /* this is needed so that we can click on a window after a restart */
-       unfocus_all();
+       /* Set focus_pending before stacking. */
+       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
+               new_ws->focus_pending = get_region_focus(new_ws->r);
 
        stack();
-       a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-       focus(new_ws->r, &a);
 
        /* unmap old windows */
        if (unmap_old)
                TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &old_ws->winlist, entry)
                        unmap_window(win);
 
+       /* if workspaces were swapped, then don't wait to set focus */
+       if (old_ws->r && focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+               if (new_ws->focus_pending) {
+                       focus_win(new_ws->focus_pending);
+               } else {
+                       /* Empty region, focus on root. */
+                       xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT,
+                           new_ws->r->s[new_ws->r->s->idx].root,
+                           XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Clear bar if new ws is empty. */
+       if (new_ws->focus_pending == NULL)
+               bar_update();
+
        focus_flush();
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_WS, "switchws: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_WS, "switchws: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -2903,9 +3235,9 @@ cyclews(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                };
 
                if (!cycle_all &&
-                   (cycle_empty == 0 && TAILQ_EMPTY(&s->ws[a.id].winlist)))
+                   (!cycle_empty && TAILQ_EMPTY(&s->ws[a.id].winlist)))
                        continue;
-               if (cycle_visible == 0 && s->ws[a.id].r != NULL)
+               if (!cycle_visible && s->ws[a.id].r != NULL)
                        continue;
 
                switchws(r, &a);
@@ -2932,9 +3264,9 @@ priorws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 void
 cyclescr(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
+       struct ws_win           *nfw;
        struct swm_region       *rr = NULL;
-       union arg               a;
-       int                     i, x, y, num_screens;
+       int                     i, num_screens;
 
        num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
        /* do nothing if we don't have more than one screen */
@@ -2959,22 +3291,20 @@ cyclescr(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        if (rr == NULL)
                return;
 
-       /* move mouse to region */
-       x = X(rr) + 1;
-       y = Y(rr) + 1 + (bar_enabled ? bar_height : 0);
-       xcb_warp_pointer(conn, XCB_WINDOW_NONE, rr->s[i].root, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-           x, y);
-
-       a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-       focus(rr, &a);
+       nfw = get_region_focus(rr);
+       if (nfw) {
+               focus_win(nfw);
+       } else {
+               /* New region is empty; unfocus old region and warp pointer. */
+               unfocus_win(r->ws->focus);
+               xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT,
+                               rr->s[i].root, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
 
-       if (rr->ws->focus) {
-               /* move to focus window */
-               x = X(rr->ws->focus) + 1;
-               y = Y(rr->ws->focus) + 1;
-               xcb_warp_pointer(conn, XCB_WINDOW_NONE, rr->s[i].root, 0, 0, 0,
-                   0, x, y);
+               /* Clear bar since empty. */
+               bar_update();
        }
+
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 void
@@ -3007,7 +3337,6 @@ swapwin(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        struct ws_win           *cur_focus;
        struct ws_win_list      *wl;
 
-
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_WS, "swapwin: id: %d, screen[%d]:%dx%d+%d+%d, ws: %d\n",
            args->id, r->s->idx, WIDTH(r), HEIGHT(r), X(r), Y(r), r->ws->idx);
 
@@ -3162,11 +3491,30 @@ done:
        return get_focus_magic(winfocus);
 }
 
+struct ws_win *
+get_region_focus(struct swm_region *r)
+{
+       struct ws_win           *winfocus = NULL;
+
+       if (!(r && r->ws))
+               return NULL;
+
+       if (r->ws->focus && !r->ws->focus->iconic)
+               winfocus = r->ws->focus;
+       else if (r->ws->focus_prev && !r->ws->focus_prev->iconic)
+               winfocus = r->ws->focus_prev;
+       else
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(winfocus, &r->ws->winlist, entry)
+                       if (!winfocus->iconic)
+                               break;
+
+       return get_focus_magic(winfocus);
+}
+
 void
 focus(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
-       struct ws_win           *winfocus = NULL, *head;
-       struct ws_win           *cur_focus = NULL;
+       struct ws_win           *head, *cur_focus = NULL, *winfocus = NULL;
        struct ws_win_list      *wl = NULL;
        struct workspace        *ws = NULL;
        int                     all_iconics;
@@ -3176,22 +3524,6 @@ focus(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focus: id: %d\n", args->id);
 
-       /* treat FOCUS_CUR special */
-       if (args->id == SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR) {
-               if (r->ws->focus && r->ws->focus->iconic == 0)
-                       winfocus = r->ws->focus;
-               else if (r->ws->focus_prev && r->ws->focus_prev->iconic == 0)
-                       winfocus = r->ws->focus_prev;
-               else
-                       TAILQ_FOREACH(winfocus, &r->ws->winlist, entry)
-                               if (winfocus->iconic == 0)
-                                       break;
-
-               focus_win(get_focus_magic(winfocus));
-               xcb_flush(conn);
-               return;
-       }
-
        if ((cur_focus = r->ws->focus) == NULL)
                return;
        ws = r->ws;
@@ -3201,7 +3533,7 @@ focus(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        /* make sure there is at least one uniconified window */
        all_iconics = 1;
        TAILQ_FOREACH(winfocus, wl, entry)
-               if (winfocus->iconic == 0) {
+               if (!winfocus->iconic) {
                        all_iconics = 0;
                        break;
                }
@@ -3226,7 +3558,7 @@ focus(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                        while (winfocus != cur_focus) {
                                if (winfocus == NULL)
                                        winfocus = TAILQ_LAST(wl, ws_win_list);
-                               if (winfocus->iconic == 0)
+                               if (!winfocus->iconic)
                                        break;
                                winfocus = TAILQ_PREV(winfocus, ws_win_list,
                                    entry);
@@ -3245,7 +3577,7 @@ focus(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                        while (winfocus != cur_focus) {
                                if (winfocus == NULL)
                                        winfocus = TAILQ_FIRST(wl);
-                               if (winfocus->iconic == 0)
+                               if (!winfocus->iconic)
                                        break;
                                winfocus = TAILQ_NEXT(winfocus, entry);
                        }
@@ -3264,14 +3596,13 @@ focus(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 
        focus_win(get_focus_magic(winfocus));
 
-       xcb_flush(conn);
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 void
 cycle_layout(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
        struct workspace        *ws = r->ws;
-       union arg               a;
 
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
        (void)args;
@@ -3285,8 +3616,7 @@ cycle_layout(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        stack();
        bar_update();
 
-       a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-       focus(r, &a);
+       focus_win(get_region_focus(r));
 
        focus_flush();
 }
@@ -3305,6 +3635,8 @@ stack_config(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        if (args->id != SWM_ARG_ID_STACKINIT)
                stack();
        bar_update();
+
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 void
@@ -3498,9 +3830,8 @@ stack_master(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g, int rot, int flip)
        int                     w_inc = 1, h_inc, w_base = 1, h_base;
        int                     hrh, extra = 0, h_slice, last_h = 0;
        int                     split, colno, winno, mwin, msize, mscale;
-       int                     remain, missing, v_slice, reconfigure;
+       int                     remain, missing, v_slice, reconfigure = 0;
        int                     bordered = 1;
-       xcb_get_window_attributes_reply_t *war;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_STACK, "stack_master: workspace: %d, rot: %s, "
            "flip: %s\n", ws->idx, YESNO(rot), YESNO(flip));
@@ -3510,8 +3841,7 @@ stack_master(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g, int rot, int flip)
                return;
 
        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &ws->winlist, entry)
-               if (win->transient == 0 && win->floating == 0
-                   && win->iconic == 0)
+               if (!win->transient && !win->floating && !win->iconic)
                        break;
 
        if (win == NULL)
@@ -3568,9 +3898,9 @@ stack_master(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g, int rot, int flip)
        /*  stack all the tiled windows */
        i = j = 0, s = stacks;
        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &ws->winlist, entry) {
-               if (win->transient != 0 || win->floating != 0)
+               if (win->transient || win->floating)
                        continue;
-               if (win->iconic != 0)
+               if (win->iconic)
                        continue;
 
                if (win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN) {
@@ -3626,7 +3956,7 @@ stack_master(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g, int rot, int flip)
                else
                        win_g.y += last_h + 2 * border_width;
 
-               if (disable_border && bar_enabled == 0 && winno == 1){
+               if (disable_border && !bar_enabled && winno == 1){
                        bordered = 0;
                        win_g.w += 2 * border_width;
                        win_g.h += 2 * border_width;
@@ -3663,14 +3993,7 @@ stack_master(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g, int rot, int flip)
                        update_window(win);
                }
 
-               war = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn,
-                       xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, win->id),
-                       NULL);
-               if (war) {
-                       if (war->map_state == XCB_MAP_STATE_UNMAPPED)
-                               map_window_raised(win->id);
-                       free(war);
-               }
+               map_window(win);
 
                last_h = win_g.h;
                i++;
@@ -3680,9 +4003,9 @@ stack_master(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g, int rot, int flip)
 notiles:
        /* now, stack all the floaters and transients */
        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &ws->winlist, entry) {
-               if (win->transient == 0 && win->floating == 0)
+               if (!win->transient && !win->floating)
                        continue;
-               if (win->iconic == 1)
+               if (win->iconic)
                        continue;
                if (win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN) {
                        fs_win = win;
@@ -3690,12 +4013,13 @@ notiles:
                }
 
                stack_floater(win, ws->r);
-               map_window_raised(win->id);
+               map_window(win);
        }
 
+       /* Make sure fs_win is stacked last so it's on top. */
        if (fs_win) {
                stack_floater(fs_win, ws->r);
-               map_window_raised(fs_win->id);
+               map_window(fs_win);
        }
 }
 
@@ -3805,7 +4129,7 @@ void
 max_stack(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g)
 {
        struct swm_geometry     gg = *g;
-       struct ws_win           *win, *wintrans = NULL, *parent = NULL;
+       struct ws_win           *w, *win = NULL, *parent = NULL;
        int                     winno, num_screens;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_STACK, "max_stack: workspace: %d\n", ws->idx);
@@ -3817,50 +4141,77 @@ max_stack(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g)
        if (winno == 0 && count_win(ws, 1) == 0)
                return;
 
+       /* Figure out which top level window should be visible. */
+       if (ws->focus_pending)
+               win = ws->focus_pending;
+       else if (ws->focus)
+               win = ws->focus;
+       else
+               win = TAILQ_FIRST(&ws->winlist);
+
+       if (win->transient)
+               parent = find_window(win->transient);
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_STACK, "max_stack: win: 0x%x\n", win->id);
+
+       /* maximize all top level windows */
        num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
-       TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &ws->winlist, entry) {
-               if (win->transient) {
-                       wintrans = win;
-                       parent = find_window(win->transient);
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &ws->winlist, entry) {
+               if (w->transient || w->iconic)
                        continue;
-               }
 
-               if (win->floating && win->floatmaxed == 0 ) {
+               if (w->floating && !w->floatmaxed) {
                        /*
                         * retain geometry for retrieval on exit from
                         * max_stack mode
                         */
-                       store_float_geom(win, ws->r);
-                       win->floatmaxed = 1;
+                       store_float_geom(w, ws->r);
+                       w->floatmaxed = 1;
                }
 
                /* only reconfigure if necessary */
-               if (X(win) != gg.x || Y(win) != gg.y || WIDTH(win) != gg.w ||
-                   HEIGHT(win) != gg.h) {
-                       win->g = gg;
+               if (X(w) != gg.x || Y(w) != gg.y || WIDTH(w) != gg.w ||
+                   HEIGHT(w) != gg.h) {
+                       w->g = gg;
                        if (bar_enabled){
-                               win->bordered = 1;
+                               w->bordered = 1;
                        } else {
-                               win->bordered = 0;
-                               WIDTH(win) += 2 * border_width;
-                               HEIGHT(win) += 2 * border_width;
+                               w->bordered = 0;
+                               WIDTH(w) += 2 * border_width;
+                               HEIGHT(w) += 2 * border_width;
                        }
 
-                       update_window(win);
+                       update_window(w);
                }
-               /* unmap only if we don't have multi screen */
-               if (win != ws->focus)
-                       if (!(num_screens > 1 || outputs > 1))
-                               unmap_window(win);
+
+               /* Unmap unwanted windows if not multi-screen. */
+               if (!(num_screens > 1 || outputs > 1) && (w != win ||
+                   w != parent || w->transient != win->id))
+                       unmap_window(w);
        }
 
-       /* put the last transient on top */
-       if (wintrans) {
-               if (parent)
-                       map_window_raised(parent->id);
-               stack_floater(wintrans, ws->r);
-               focus_win(get_focus_magic(wintrans));
+       /* If a parent exists, map it first. */
+       if (parent) {
+               map_window(parent);
+
+               /* Map siblings next. */
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &ws->winlist, entry)
+                       if (w != win && !w->iconic &&
+                           w->transient == parent->id) {
+                               stack_floater(w, ws->r);
+                               map_window(w);
+                       }
        }
+
+       /* Map focused window. */
+       map_window(win);
+
+       /* Finally, map children of focus window. */
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &ws->winlist, entry)
+               if (w->transient == win->id && !w->iconic) {
+                       stack_floater(w, ws->r);
+                       map_window(w);
+               }
 }
 
 void
@@ -3868,9 +4219,8 @@ send_to_ws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
        int                     wsid = args->id;
        struct ws_win           *win = NULL, *parent;
-       struct workspace        *ws, *nws;
+       struct workspace        *ws, *nws, *pws;
        char                    ws_idx_str[SWM_PROPLEN];
-       union arg               a;
 
        if (wsid >= workspace_limit)
                return;
@@ -3879,47 +4229,91 @@ send_to_ws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                win = r->ws->focus;
        else
                return;
-       if (win == NULL)
-               return;
+
        if (win->ws->idx == wsid)
                return;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MOVE, "send_to_ws: window: 0x%x\n", win->id);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MOVE, "send_to_ws: win 0x%x, ws %d -> %d\n", win->id,
+           win->ws->idx, wsid);
 
        ws = win->ws;
        nws = &win->s->ws[wsid];
 
-       a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSPREV;
-       focus(r, &a);
-       if (win->transient) {
-               parent = find_window(win->transient);
-               if (parent) {
-                       unmap_window(parent);
-                       TAILQ_REMOVE(&ws->winlist, parent, entry);
-                       TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&nws->winlist, parent, entry);
-                       parent->ws = nws;
+       /* Update the window's workspace property: _SWM_WS */
+       if (snprintf(ws_idx_str, SWM_PROPLEN, "%d", nws->idx) < SWM_PROPLEN) {
+               if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
+                       ws->focus_pending = get_focus_prev(win);
+
+               /* Move the parent if this is a transient window. */
+               if (win->transient) {
+                       parent = find_window(win->transient);
+                       if (parent) {
+                               pws = parent->ws;
+                               /* Set new focus in parent's ws if needed. */
+                               if (pws->focus == parent) {
+                                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
+                                               pws->focus_pending =
+                                                   get_focus_prev(parent);
+
+                                       unfocus_win(parent);
+
+                                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
+                                               pws->focus = pws->focus_pending;
+
+                                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
+                                               pws->focus_pending = NULL;
+                               }
+
+                               /* Don't unmap parent if new ws is visible */
+                               if (nws->r == NULL)
+                                       unmap_window(parent);
+
+                               /* Transfer */
+                               TAILQ_REMOVE(&ws->winlist, parent, entry);
+                               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&nws->winlist, parent, entry);
+                               parent->ws = nws;
+
+                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_PROP, "send_to_ws: set "
+                                   "property: _SWM_WS: %s\n", ws_idx_str);
+                               xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE,
+                                   parent->id, a_swm_ws, XCB_ATOM_STRING, 8,
+                                   strlen(ws_idx_str), ws_idx_str);
+                       }
                }
-       }
-       unmap_window(win);
-       TAILQ_REMOVE(&ws->winlist, win, entry);
-       TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&nws->winlist, win, entry);
-       if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&ws->winlist))
-               r->ws->focus = NULL;
-       win->ws = nws;
 
-       /* Try to update the window's workspace property */
-       if (snprintf(ws_idx_str, SWM_PROPLEN, "%d", nws->idx) < SWM_PROPLEN) {
+               unfocus_win(win);
+
+               /* Don't unmap if new ws is visible */
+               if (nws->r == NULL)
+                       unmap_window(win);
+
+               /* Transfer */
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&ws->winlist, win, entry);
+               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&nws->winlist, win, entry);
+               win->ws = nws;
+
+               /* Set focus on new ws. */
+               unfocus_win(nws->focus);
+               nws->focus = win;
+
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_PROP, "send_to_ws: set property: _SWM_WS: %s\n",
                    ws_idx_str);
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, win->id,
                    a_swm_ws, XCB_ATOM_STRING, 8, strlen(ws_idx_str),
                    ws_idx_str);
-       }
 
-       stack();
-       bar_update();
+               /* Restack and set new focus. */
+               stack();
 
-       focus_flush();
+               if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+                       focus_win(ws->focus_pending);
+                       ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+               }
+
+               focus_flush();
+       }
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MOVE, "send_to_ws: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -3946,7 +4340,7 @@ raise_toggle(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        r->ws->always_raise = !r->ws->always_raise;
 
        /* bring floaters back to top */
-       if (r->ws->always_raise == 0)
+       if (!r->ws->always_raise)
                stack();
 
        focus_flush();
@@ -3955,22 +4349,15 @@ raise_toggle(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 void
 iconify(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
-       union arg a;
-
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
        (void)args;
 
        if (r->ws->focus == NULL)
                return;
-       unmap_window(r->ws->focus);
-       update_iconic(r->ws->focus, 1);
-       stack();
 
-       r->ws->focus = NULL;
-       a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-       focus(r, &a);
+       set_swm_iconic(r->ws->focus, 1);
 
-       focus_flush();
+       xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
 char *
@@ -4003,7 +4390,7 @@ get_win_name(xcb_window_t win)
                    xcb_get_property_value_length(r));
 
        free(r);
-       return name;
+       return (name);
 }
 
 void
@@ -4023,7 +4410,7 @@ uniconify(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &r->ws->winlist, entry) {
                if (win->ws == NULL)
                        continue; /* should never happen */
-               if (win->iconic == 0)
+               if (!win->iconic)
                        continue;
                count++;
        }
@@ -4041,7 +4428,7 @@ uniconify(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &r->ws->winlist, entry) {
                if (win->ws == NULL)
                        continue; /* should never happen */
-               if (win->iconic == 0)
+               if (!win->iconic)
                        continue;
 
                name = get_win_name(win->id);
@@ -4052,8 +4439,6 @@ uniconify(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        }
 
        fclose(lfile);
-
-       xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
 void
@@ -4152,7 +4537,7 @@ search_win(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 
        i = 1;
        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &r->ws->winlist, entry) {
-               if (win->iconic == 1)
+               if (win->iconic)
                        continue;
 
                sw = calloc(1, sizeof(struct search_window));
@@ -4188,7 +4573,7 @@ search_win(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                    XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT, XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL |
                    XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL, wa);
 
-               map_window_raised(w);
+               xcb_map_window(conn, w);
 
                sw->indicator = w;
                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&search_wl, sw, entry);
@@ -4230,7 +4615,7 @@ search_win(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 }
 
 void
-search_resp_uniconify(char *resp, unsigned long len)
+search_resp_uniconify(const char *resp, unsigned long len)
 {
        char                    *name;
        struct ws_win           *win;
@@ -4239,7 +4624,7 @@ search_resp_uniconify(char *resp, unsigned long len)
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "search_resp_uniconify: resp: %s\n", resp);
 
        TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &search_r->ws->winlist, entry) {
-               if (win->iconic == 0)
+               if (!win->iconic)
                        continue;
                name = get_win_name(win->id);
                if (name == NULL)
@@ -4251,7 +4636,7 @@ search_resp_uniconify(char *resp, unsigned long len)
                free(name);
                if (strncmp(s, resp, len) == 0) {
                        /* XXX this should be a callback to generalize */
-                       update_iconic(win, 0);
+                       set_swm_iconic(win, 0);
                        free(s);
                        break;
                }
@@ -4260,7 +4645,7 @@ search_resp_uniconify(char *resp, unsigned long len)
 }
 
 void
-search_resp_name_workspace(char *resp, unsigned long len)
+search_resp_name_workspace(const char *resp, unsigned long len)
 {
        struct workspace        *ws;
 
@@ -4286,7 +4671,7 @@ search_resp_name_workspace(char *resp, unsigned long len)
 }
 
 void
-search_resp_search_workspace(char *resp)
+search_resp_search_workspace(const char *resp)
 {
        char                    *p, *q;
        int                     ws_idx;
@@ -4317,7 +4702,7 @@ search_resp_search_workspace(char *resp)
 }
 
 void
-search_resp_search_window(char *resp)
+search_resp_search_window(const char *resp)
 {
        char                    *s;
        int                     idx;
@@ -4404,6 +4789,8 @@ done:
        search_resp_action = SWM_SEARCH_NONE;
        close(select_resp_pipe[0]);
        free(resp);
+
+       xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
 void
@@ -4418,12 +4805,11 @@ wkill(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                xcb_kill_client(conn, r->ws->focus->id);
        else
                if (r->ws->focus->can_delete)
-                       client_msg(r->ws->focus, a_delete);
+                       client_msg(r->ws->focus, a_delete, 0);
 
-       xcb_flush(conn);
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
-
 int
 floating_toggle_win(struct ws_win *win)
 {
@@ -4461,7 +4847,6 @@ void
 floating_toggle(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
        struct ws_win           *win = r->ws->focus;
-       union arg               a;
 
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
        (void)args;
@@ -4477,10 +4862,8 @@ floating_toggle(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 
        stack();
 
-       if (win == win->ws->focus) {
-               a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-               focus(win->ws->r, &a);
-       }
+       if (win == win->ws->focus)
+               focus_win(win);
 
        focus_flush();
 }
@@ -4557,9 +4940,7 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
        struct swm_geometry     g;
        int                     top = 0, left = 0, resizing;
        int                     dx, dy;
-       unsigned int            shape; /* cursor style */
-       xcb_cursor_t            cursor;
-       xcb_font_t              cursor_font;
+       xcb_cursor_t                    cursor;
        xcb_query_pointer_reply_t       *xpr;
        xcb_generic_event_t             *evt;
        xcb_motion_notify_event_t       *mne;
@@ -4575,7 +4956,7 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
            "transient: 0x%x\n", win->id, YESNO(win->floating),
            win->transient);
 
-       if (!(win->transient != 0 || win->floating != 0))
+       if (!win->transient && !win->floating)
                return;
 
        /* reject resizes in max mode for floaters (transient ok) */
@@ -4632,18 +5013,13 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                top = 1;
 
        if (args->id == SWM_ARG_ID_CENTER)
-               shape = XC_sizing;
+               cursor = cursors[XC_SIZING].cid;
        else if (top)
-               shape = (left) ? XC_top_left_corner : XC_top_right_corner;
+               cursor = cursors[left ? XC_TOP_LEFT_CORNER :
+                   XC_TOP_RIGHT_CORNER].cid;
        else
-               shape = (left) ? XC_bottom_left_corner : XC_bottom_right_corner;
-
-       cursor_font = xcb_generate_id(conn);
-       xcb_open_font(conn, cursor_font, strlen("cursor"), "cursor");
-
-       cursor = xcb_generate_id(conn);
-       xcb_create_glyph_cursor(conn, cursor, cursor_font, cursor_font,
-           shape, shape + 1, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff);
+               cursor = cursors[left ? XC_BOTTOM_LEFT_CORNER :
+                   XC_BOTTOM_RIGHT_CORNER].cid;
 
        xcb_grab_pointer(conn, 0, win->id, MOUSEMASK,
            XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_WINDOW_NONE, cursor,
@@ -4725,10 +5101,8 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
        store_float_geom(win,r);
 
        xcb_ungrab_pointer(conn, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
-       xcb_free_cursor(conn, cursor);
-       xcb_close_font(conn, cursor_font);
        free(xpr);
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "resize: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "resize: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -4742,6 +5116,7 @@ resize_step(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                return;
 
        resize(win, args);
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 #define SWM_MOVE_STEPS (50)
@@ -4752,8 +5127,6 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
        xcb_timestamp_t         timestamp = 0;
        int                     move_step = 0, moving;
        struct swm_region       *r = NULL;
-       xcb_font_t                      cursor_font;
-       xcb_cursor_t                    cursor;
        xcb_query_pointer_reply_t       *qpr;
        xcb_generic_event_t             *evt;
        xcb_motion_notify_event_t       *mne;
@@ -4773,7 +5146,7 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                return;
 
        win->manual = 1;
-       if (win->floating == 0 && !win->transient) {
+       if (!win->floating && !win->transient) {
                store_float_geom(win, r);
                ewmh_update_win_state(win, ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE].atom,
                    _NET_WM_STATE_ADD);
@@ -4813,24 +5186,15 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                return;
        }
 
-       cursor_font = xcb_generate_id(conn);
-       xcb_open_font(conn, cursor_font, strlen("cursor"), "cursor");
-
-       cursor = xcb_generate_id(conn);
-       xcb_create_glyph_cursor(conn, cursor, cursor_font, cursor_font,
-               XC_fleur, XC_fleur + 1, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff);
-
        xcb_grab_pointer(conn, 0, win->id, MOUSEMASK,
            XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC,
-           XCB_WINDOW_NONE, cursor, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
+           XCB_WINDOW_NONE, cursors[XC_FLEUR].cid, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
 
        /* get cursor offset from window root */
        qpr = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, xcb_query_pointer(conn, win->id),
                NULL);
        if (!qpr) {
                xcb_ungrab_pointer(conn, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
-               xcb_free_cursor(conn, cursor);
-               xcb_close_font(conn, cursor_font);
                return;
        }
 
@@ -4868,10 +5232,8 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
        }
        store_float_geom(win, r);
        free(qpr);
-       xcb_free_cursor(conn, cursor);
-       xcb_close_font(conn, cursor_font);
        xcb_ungrab_pointer(conn, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "move: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "move: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -4884,13 +5246,13 @@ move_step(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        else
                return;
 
-       if (!(win->transient != 0 || win->floating != 0))
+       if (!win->transient && !win->floating)
                return;
 
        move(win, args);
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
-
 /* user/key callable function IDs */
 enum keyfuncid {
        KF_BAR_TOGGLE,
@@ -5150,18 +5512,8 @@ update_modkey(unsigned int mod)
                        buttons[i].mask = mod;
 }
 
-/* spawn */
-struct spawn_prog {
-       TAILQ_ENTRY(spawn_prog) entry;
-       char                    *name;
-       int                     argc;
-       char                    **argv;
-};
-TAILQ_HEAD(spawn_list, spawn_prog);
-struct spawn_list              spawns = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(spawns);
-
 int
-spawn_expand(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, char *spawn_name,
+spawn_expand(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, const char *spawn_name,
     char ***ret_args)
 {
        struct spawn_prog       *prog = NULL;
@@ -5240,7 +5592,7 @@ spawn_expand(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, char *spawn_name,
 }
 
 void
-spawn_custom(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, char *spawn_name)
+spawn_custom(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, const char *spawn_name)
 {
        union arg               a;
        char                    **real_args;
@@ -5258,7 +5610,8 @@ spawn_custom(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, char *spawn_name)
 }
 
 void
-spawn_select(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, char *spawn_name, int *pid)
+spawn_select(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, const char *spawn_name,
+    int *pid)
 {
        union arg               a;
        char                    **real_args;
@@ -5300,7 +5653,7 @@ spawn_select(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args, char *spawn_name, int *pid)
 }
 
 void
-spawn_insert(char *name, char *args)
+spawn_insert(const char *name, const char *args)
 {
        char                    *arg, *cp, *ptr;
        struct spawn_prog       *sp;
@@ -5351,7 +5704,7 @@ spawn_remove(struct spawn_prog *sp)
 }
 
 void
-spawn_replace(struct spawn_prog *sp, char *name, char *args)
+spawn_replace(struct spawn_prog *sp, const char *name, const char *args)
 {
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "spawn_replace: %s [%s]\n", sp->name, name);
 
@@ -5362,7 +5715,7 @@ spawn_replace(struct spawn_prog *sp, char *name, char *args)
 }
 
 void
-setspawn(char *name, char *args)
+setspawn(const char *name, const char *args)
 {
        struct spawn_prog       *sp;
 
@@ -5405,7 +5758,7 @@ setconfspawn(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
        setspawn(selector, args);
        free(args);
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "setconfspawn: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "setconfspawn: done.\n");
        return (0);
 }
 
@@ -5494,7 +5847,7 @@ parsekeys(char *keystr, unsigned int currmod, unsigned int *mod, KeySym *ks)
 }
 
 char *
-strdupsafe(char *str)
+strdupsafe(const char *str)
 {
        if (str == NULL)
                return (NULL);
@@ -5503,7 +5856,8 @@ strdupsafe(char *str)
 }
 
 void
-key_insert(unsigned int mod, KeySym ks, enum keyfuncid kfid, char *spawn_name)
+key_insert(unsigned int mod, KeySym ks, enum keyfuncid kfid,
+    const char *spawn_name)
 {
        struct key              *kp;
 
@@ -5547,7 +5901,7 @@ key_remove(struct key *kp)
 
 void
 key_replace(struct key *kp, unsigned int mod, KeySym ks, enum keyfuncid kfid,
-    char *spawn_name)
+    const char *spawn_name)
 {
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_KEY, "key_replace: %s [%s]\n", keyfuncs[kp->funcid].name,
            spawn_name);
@@ -5560,7 +5914,7 @@ key_replace(struct key *kp, unsigned int mod, KeySym ks, enum keyfuncid kfid,
 
 void
 setkeybinding(unsigned int mod, KeySym ks, enum keyfuncid kfid,
-    char *spawn_name)
+    const char *spawn_name)
 {
        struct key              *kp;
 
@@ -5831,7 +6185,7 @@ grabkeys(void)
                        XCB_MOD_MASK_ANY);
                RB_FOREACH(kp, key_tree, &keys) {
                        if ((code = xcb_key_symbols_get_keycode(syms,
-                                       kp->keysym)))
+                                       kp->keysym))) {
                                for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
                                        xcb_grab_key(conn, 1,
                                            screens[k].root,
@@ -5839,6 +6193,7 @@ grabkeys(void)
                                            *code, XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC,
                                            XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC);
                                free(code);
+                       }
                }
        }
 }
@@ -5856,11 +6211,6 @@ grabbuttons(struct ws_win *win)
                            XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC,
                            XCB_WINDOW_NONE, XCB_CURSOR_NONE,
                            buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask);
-
-       /* click to focus */
-       xcb_grab_button(conn, 0, win->id, BUTTONMASK, XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC,
-           XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_WINDOW_NONE, XCB_CURSOR_NONE,
-           XCB_BUTTON_INDEX_1, XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY);
 }
 
 const char *quirkname[] = {
@@ -5966,6 +6316,7 @@ setquirk(const char *class, const char *name, unsigned long quirk)
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "setquirk: enter %s:%s [%lu]\n", class, name,
           quirk);
 
+       /* Remove/replace existing quirk. */
        TAILQ_FOREACH(qp, &quirks, entry) {
                if (!strcmp(qp->class, class) && !strcmp(qp->name, name)) {
                        if (!quirk)
@@ -5976,12 +6327,11 @@ setquirk(const char *class, const char *name, unsigned long quirk)
                        return;
                }
        }
-       if (!quirk) {
-               warnx("error: setquirk: cannot find class/name combination");
-               return;
-       }
 
-       quirk_insert(class, name, quirk);
+       /* Only insert if quirk is not NONE. */
+       if (quirk)
+               quirk_insert(class, name, quirk);
+
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_QUIRK, "setquirk: leave\n");
 }
 
@@ -6183,7 +6533,8 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
        case SWM_S_FOCUS_MODE:
                if (!strcmp(value, "default"))
                        focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "follow_cursor"))
+               else if (!strcmp(value, "follow") ||
+                   !strcmp(value, "follow_cursor"))
                        focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW;
                else if (!strcmp(value, "manual"))
                        focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_MANUAL;
@@ -6296,7 +6647,7 @@ setautorun(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 {
        int                     ws_id;
        char                    s[1024];
-       char                    *ap, *sp = s;
+       char                    *ap, *sp;
        union arg               a;
        int                     argc = 0;
        pid_t                   pid;
@@ -6316,6 +6667,8 @@ setautorun(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
        if (ws_id < 0 || ws_id >= workspace_limit)
                errx(1, "autorun: invalid workspace %d", ws_id + 1);
 
+       sp = expand_tilde((char *)&s);
+
        /*
         * This is a little intricate
         *
@@ -6333,6 +6686,7 @@ setautorun(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                        err(1, "setautorun: realloc");
                a.argv[argc - 1] = ap;
        }
+       free(sp);
 
        if ((a.argv = realloc(a.argv, (argc + 1) * sizeof(char *))) == NULL)
                err(1, "setautorun: realloc");
@@ -6498,15 +6852,14 @@ struct config_option configopt[] = {
        { "layout",                     setlayout,      0 },
 };
 
-
 int
-conf_load(char *filename, int keymapping)
+conf_load(const char *filename, int keymapping)
 {
        FILE                    *config;
        char                    *line, *cp, *optsub, *optval;
        size_t                  linelen, lineno = 0;
        int                     wordlen, i, optidx;
-       struct config_option    *opt;
+       struct config_option    *opt = NULL;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CONF, "conf_load: begin\n");
 
@@ -6555,7 +6908,7 @@ conf_load(char *filename, int keymapping)
                            filename, lineno, wordlen, cp);
                        goto out;
                }
-               if (keymapping && strcmp(opt->optname, "bind")) {
+               if (keymapping && opt && strcmp(opt->optname, "bind")) {
                        warnx("%s: line %zd: invalid option %.*s",
                            filename, lineno, wordlen, cp);
                        goto out;
@@ -6626,7 +6979,7 @@ set_child_transient(struct ws_win *win, xcb_window_t *trans)
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "set_child_transient: parent doesn't exist"
                    " for 0x%x trans 0x%x\n", win->id, win->transient);
 
-               r = root_to_region(win->wa->root);
+               r = root_to_region(win->wa->root, SWM_CK_ALL);
                ws = r->ws;
                /* parent doen't exist in our window list */
                TAILQ_FOREACH(w, &ws->winlist, entry) {
@@ -6739,16 +7092,16 @@ get_ws_idx(xcb_window_t id)
 }
 
 struct ws_win *
-manage_window(xcb_window_t id)
+manage_window(xcb_window_t id, uint16_t mapped)
 {
        xcb_window_t            trans = XCB_WINDOW_NONE;
        struct ws_win           *win, *ww;
-       int                     ws_idx, border_me = 0;
+       int                     ws_idx;
        char                    ws_idx_str[SWM_PROPLEN];
        struct swm_region       *r;
        struct pid_e            *p;
        struct quirk            *qp;
-       uint32_t                event_mask, i;
+       uint32_t                i, wa[2];
        xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_t      wpr;
 
        if ((win = find_window(id)) != NULL) {
@@ -6784,14 +7137,15 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id)
            NULL);
 
        /* Figure out which region the window belongs to. */
-       r = root_to_region(win->wa->root);
+       r = root_to_region(win->wa->root, SWM_CK_ALL);
 
        /* Ignore window border if there is one. */
        WIDTH(win) = win->wa->width;
        HEIGHT(win) = win->wa->height;
-       X(win) = win->wa->x + win->wa->border_width;
-       Y(win) = win->wa->y + win->wa->border_width;
-       win->bordered = 0;
+       X(win) = win->wa->x + win->wa->border_width - border_width;
+       Y(win) = win->wa->y + win->wa->border_width - border_width;
+       win->bordered = 1;
+       win->mapped = mapped;
        win->floatmaxed = 0;
        win->ewmh_flags = 0;
        win->s = r->s;  /* this never changes */
@@ -6830,7 +7184,7 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id)
                xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_wipe(&wpr);
        }
 
-       win->iconic = get_iconic(win);
+       win->iconic = get_swm_iconic(win);
 
        /* Figure out which workspace the window belongs to. */
        if ((p = find_pid(window_get_pid(win->id))) != NULL) {
@@ -6839,13 +7193,12 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id)
                free(p);
                p = NULL;
        } else if ((ws_idx = get_ws_idx(win->id)) != -1 &&
-           win->transient == 0) {
+           !win->transient) {
                /* _SWM_WS is set; use that. */
                win->ws = &r->s->ws[ws_idx];
        } else if (trans && (ww = find_window(trans)) != NULL) {
                /* Launch transients in the same ws as parent. */
                win->ws = ww->ws;
-               border_me = 1;
        } else {
                win->ws = r->ws;
        }
@@ -6875,7 +7228,6 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id)
                        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CLASS, "manage_window: java window "
                            "detected.\n");
                        win->java = 1;
-                       border_me = 1;
                }
 
                TAILQ_FOREACH(qp, &quirks, entry) {
@@ -6883,20 +7235,16 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id)
                            !strcmp(win->ch.instance_name, qp->name)) {
                                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CLASS, "manage_window: on quirks"
                                    "list; mask: 0x%lx\n", qp->quirk);
-                               if (qp->quirk & SWM_Q_FLOAT) {
+                               if (qp->quirk & SWM_Q_FLOAT)
                                        win->floating = 1;
-                                       border_me = 1;
-                               }
                                win->quirks = qp->quirk;
                        }
                }
        }
 
        /* Alter window position if quirky */
-       if (win->quirks & SWM_Q_ANYWHERE) {
+       if (win->quirks & SWM_Q_ANYWHERE)
                win->manual = 1;
-               border_me = 1;
-       }
 
        /* Reset font sizes (the bruteforce way; no default keybinding). */
        if (win->quirks & SWM_Q_XTERM_FONTADJ) {
@@ -6906,28 +7254,22 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id)
                        fake_keypress(win, XK_KP_Add, XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT);
        }
 
-       if (border_me) {
-               win->bordered = 1;
-               X(win) -= border_width;
-               Y(win) -= border_width;
-       }
-
        /* Make sure window is positioned inside its region, if its active. */
-       if (win->ws->r)
+       if (win->ws->r) {
                constrain_window(win, win->ws->r, 0);
-
-       if (win->ws->r || border_me)
                update_window(win);
+       }
 
-       /* Select which X events to monitor. */
-       event_mask = XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW | XCB_EVENT_MASK_FOCUS_CHANGE |
-           XCB_EVENT_MASK_PROPERTY_CHANGE | XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY;
+       /* Select which X events to monitor and set border pixel color. */
+       wa[0] = win->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel;
+       wa[1] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW | XCB_EVENT_MASK_PROPERTY_CHANGE |
+           XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY;
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
-       event_mask |= XCB_EVENT_MASK_LEAVE_WINDOW;
+       wa[1] |= XCB_EVENT_MASK_LEAVE_WINDOW | XCB_EVENT_MASK_FOCUS_CHANGE;
 #endif
 
-       xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK,
-           &event_mask);
+       xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id, XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL |
+           XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, wa);
 
 out:
        /* Figure out where to stack the window in the workspace. */
@@ -6985,7 +7327,7 @@ free_window(struct ws_win *win)
        memset(win, 0xff, sizeof *win); /* XXX kill later */
 
        free(win);
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "free_window: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "free_window: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -7004,8 +7346,6 @@ unmanage_window(struct ws_win *win)
                        parent->focus_child = NULL;
        }
 
-       focus_win(get_focus_prev(win));
-
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&win->ws->winlist, win, entry);
        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&win->ws->unmanagedlist, win, entry);
 }
@@ -7035,6 +7375,14 @@ focusin(xcb_focus_in_event_t *e)
            "detail: %s(%u)\n", e->event, get_notify_mode_label(e->mode),
            e->mode, get_notify_detail_label(e->detail), e->detail);
 }
+
+void
+focusout(xcb_focus_out_event_t *e)
+{
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "focusout: window: 0x%x, mode: %s(%u), "
+           "detail: %s(%u)\n", e->event, get_notify_mode_label(e->mode),
+           e->mode, get_notify_detail_label(e->detail), e->detail);
+}
 #endif
 
 void
@@ -7050,27 +7398,64 @@ keypress(xcb_key_press_event_t *e)
        if ((kp = key_lookup(CLEANMASK(e->state), keysym)) == NULL)
                return;
 
+       last_event_time = e->time;
+
        if (kp->funcid == KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM)
-               spawn_custom(root_to_region(e->root),
+               spawn_custom(root_to_region(e->root, SWM_CK_ALL),
                    &(keyfuncs[kp->funcid].args), kp->spawn_name);
        else if (keyfuncs[kp->funcid].func)
-               keyfuncs[kp->funcid].func(root_to_region(e->root),
+               keyfuncs[kp->funcid].func(root_to_region(e->root, SWM_CK_ALL),
                    &(keyfuncs[kp->funcid].args));
 }
 
 void
 buttonpress(xcb_button_press_event_t *e)
 {
-       struct ws_win           *win;
+       struct ws_win           *win = NULL;
+       struct swm_region       *r, *old_r;
        int                     i;
        int                     handled = 0;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "buttonpress: window 0x%x, detail: %u\n",
-           e->event, e->detail);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "buttonpress: win (x,y): 0x%x (%d,%d), "
+           "detail: %u, time: %u, root (x,y): 0x%x (%d,%d), child: 0x%x, "
+           "state: %u, same_screen: %s\n", e->event, e->event_x, e->event_y,
+           e->detail, e->time, e->root, e->root_x, e->root_y, e->child,
+           e->state, YESNO(e->same_screen));
+
+       if (e->event == e->root) {
+               if (e->child != 0) {
+                       win = find_window(e->child);
+                       /* Pass ButtonPress to window if it isn't managed. */
+                       if (win == NULL)
+                               goto out;
+               } else {
+                       /* Focus on empty region */
+                       /* If no windows on region if its empty. */
+                       r = root_to_region(e->root, SWM_CK_POINTER);
+                       if (r && TAILQ_EMPTY(&r->ws->winlist)) {
+                               old_r = root_to_region(e->root, SWM_CK_FOCUS);
+                               if (old_r && old_r != r)
+                                       unfocus_win(old_r->ws->focus);
+
+                               xcb_set_input_focus(conn,
+                                   XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT, e->root, e->time);
+
+                               /* Clear bar since empty. */
+                               bar_update();
 
-       if ((win = find_window(e->event)) == NULL)
+                               handled = 1;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+               }
+       } else {
+               win = find_window(e->event);
+       }
+
+       if (win == NULL)
                return;
 
+       last_event_time = e->time;
+
        focus_win(get_focus_magic(win));
 
        for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
@@ -7081,11 +7466,15 @@ buttonpress(xcb_button_press_event_t *e)
                        handled = 1;
                }
 
+out:
        if (!handled) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "buttonpress: passing to window.\n");
+               /* Replay event to event window */
                xcb_allow_events(conn, XCB_ALLOW_REPLAY_POINTER, e->time);
        } else {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "buttonpress: handled.\n");
+               /* Unfreeze grab events. */
+               xcb_allow_events(conn, XCB_ALLOW_SYNC_POINTER, e->time);
        }
 
        xcb_flush(conn);
@@ -7213,8 +7602,10 @@ configurerequest(xcb_configure_request_event_t *e)
                        wc[i++] = e->stack_mode;
                }
 
-               if (mask != 0)
+               if (mask != 0) {
                        xcb_configure_window(conn, e->window, mask, wc);
+                       xcb_flush(conn);
+               }
        } else if ((!win->manual || win->quirks & SWM_Q_ANYWHERE) &&
            !(win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN)) {
                if (win->ws->r)
@@ -7245,7 +7636,8 @@ configurerequest(xcb_configure_request_event_t *e)
 
                win->g_floatvalid = 1;
 
-               if (win->floating && r) {
+               if (win->floating && r && (win->transient ||
+                   win->ws->cur_layout != &layouts[SWM_MAX_STACK])) {
                        WIDTH(win) = win->g_float.w;
                        HEIGHT(win) = win->g_float.h;
 
@@ -7260,6 +7652,8 @@ configurerequest(xcb_configure_request_event_t *e)
                config_win(win, e);
                xcb_flush(conn);
        }
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "configurerequest: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -7267,8 +7661,11 @@ configurenotify(xcb_configure_notify_event_t *e)
 {
        struct ws_win           *win;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "configurenotify: window: 0x%x\n",
-           e->window);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "configurenotify: win 0x%x, event win: 0x%x, "
+           "(x,y) WxH: (%d,%d) %ux%u, border: %u, above_sibling: 0x%x, "
+           "override_redirect: %s\n", e->window, e->event, e->x, e->y,
+           e->width, e->height, e->border_width, e->above_sibling,
+           YESNO(e->override_redirect));
 
        win = find_window(e->window);
        if (win) {
@@ -7297,14 +7694,24 @@ destroynotify(xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *e)
                return;
        }
 
-       /* make sure we focus on something */
-       win->floating = 0;
+       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+               /* If we were focused, make sure we focus on something else. */
+               if (win == win->ws->focus)
+                       win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_prev(win);
+       }
 
        unmanage_window(win);
-       free_window(win);
-
        stack();
 
+       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+               if (win->ws->focus_pending) {
+                       focus_win(win->ws->focus_pending);
+                       win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+               }
+       }
+
+       free_window(win);
+
        focus_flush();
 }
 
@@ -7376,12 +7783,16 @@ void
 enternotify(xcb_enter_notify_event_t *e)
 {
        struct ws_win           *win;
+       struct swm_region       *old_r, *r;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "enternotify: window: 0x%x, mode: %s(%d), "
-           "detail: %s(%d), root: 0x%x, subwindow: 0x%x, same_screen_focus: "
-           "%s, state: %d\n", e->event, get_notify_mode_label(e->mode),
-           e->mode, get_notify_detail_label(e->detail), e->detail, e->root,
-           e->child, YESNO(e->same_screen_focus), e->state);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "enternotify: time: %u, win (x,y): 0x%x "
+           "(%d,%d), mode: %s(%d), detail: %s(%d), root (x,y): 0x%x (%d,%d), "
+           "child: 0x%x, same_screen_focus: %s, state: %d\n",
+           e->time, e->event, e->event_x, e->event_y,
+           get_notify_mode_label(e->mode), e->mode,
+           get_notify_detail_label(e->detail), e->detail,
+           e->root, e->root_x, e->root_y, e->child,
+           YESNO(e->same_screen_focus), e->state);
 
        if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_MANUAL &&
            e->mode == XCB_NOTIFY_MODE_NORMAL) {
@@ -7389,8 +7800,29 @@ enternotify(xcb_enter_notify_event_t *e)
                return;
        }
 
+       last_event_time = e->time;
+
        if ((win = find_window(e->event)) == NULL) {
-               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "enternotify: window is NULL; ignoring\n");
+               if (e->event == e->root) {
+                       /* If no windows on pointer region, then focus root. */
+                       r = root_to_region(e->root, SWM_CK_POINTER);
+                       if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&r->ws->winlist)) {
+                               old_r = root_to_region(e->root, SWM_CK_FOCUS);
+                               if (old_r && old_r != r)
+                                       unfocus_win(old_r->ws->focus);
+
+                               xcb_set_input_focus(conn,
+                                   XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT, e->root, e->time);
+
+                               /* Clear bar since empty. */
+                               bar_update();
+
+                               focus_flush();
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "enternotify: window is NULL; "
+                           "ignoring\n");
+               }
                return;
        }
 
@@ -7403,11 +7835,14 @@ enternotify(xcb_enter_notify_event_t *e)
 void
 leavenotify(xcb_leave_notify_event_t *e)
 {
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "leavenotify: window: 0x%x, mode: %s(%d), "
-           "detail: %s(%d), root: 0x%x, subwindow: 0x%x, same_screen_focus: "
-           "%s, state: %d\n", e->event, get_notify_mode_label(e->mode),
-           e->mode, get_notify_detail_label(e->detail), e->detail, e->root,
-           e->child, YESNO(e->same_screen_focus), e->state);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "leavenotify: time: %u, win (x,y): 0x%x "
+           "(%d,%d), mode: %s(%d), detail: %s(%d), root (x,y): 0x%x (%d,%d), "
+           "child: 0x%x, same_screen_focus: %s, state: %d\n",
+           e->time, e->event, e->event_x, e->event_y,
+           get_notify_mode_label(e->mode), e->mode,
+           get_notify_detail_label(e->detail), e->detail,
+           e->root, e->root_x, e->root_y, e->child,
+           YESNO(e->same_screen_focus), e->state);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -7422,13 +7857,18 @@ mapnotify(xcb_map_notify_event_t *e)
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "mapnotify: window: 0x%x\n", e->window);
 
        if ((win = find_window(e->window)) == NULL)
-               win = manage_window(e->window);
+               win = manage_window(e->window, 1);
 
+       win->mapped = 1;
        set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_NORMAL);
 
-       /* Focus on window if it is selected. */
-       if (win->ws->focus == win)
-               focus_win(win);
+       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+               if (win->ws->focus_pending == win) {
+                       focus_win(win);
+                       win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+                       focus_flush();
+               }
+       }
 
        xcb_flush(conn);
 }
@@ -7465,15 +7905,17 @@ maprequest(xcb_map_request_event_t *e)
                goto out;
        }
 
-       win = manage_window(e->window);
+       win = manage_window(e->window,
+           (war->map_state == XCB_MAP_STATE_VIEWABLE));
+
+       /* The new window should get focus; prepare. */
+       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
+               win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_magic(win);
 
        /* All windows need to be mapped if they are in the current workspace.*/
        if (win->ws->r)
                stack();
 
-       /* The new window should get focus. */
-       win->ws->focus = get_focus_magic(win);
-
        /* Ignore EnterNotify to handle the mapnotify without interference. */
        if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT)
                event_drain(XCB_ENTER_NOTIFY);
@@ -7524,52 +7966,117 @@ propertynotify(xcb_property_notify_event_t *e)
        char                    *name;
 
        name = get_atom_name(e->atom);
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "propertynotify: window: 0x%x, atom: %s(%u)\n",
-           e->window, name, e->atom);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "propertynotify: window: 0x%x, atom: %s(%u), "
+           "time: %#x, state: %u\n", e->window, name, e->atom, e->time,
+           e->state);
        free(name);
 #endif
-       xcb_flush(conn);
-
        win = find_window(e->window);
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
 
-       if (e->state == XCB_PROPERTY_DELETE && e->atom == a_swm_iconic) {
-               update_iconic(win, 0);
-               map_window_raised(win->id);
-               stack();
-               focus_win(win);
-               xcb_flush(conn);
-               return;
-       }
+       last_event_time = e->time;
+
+       if (e->atom == a_swm_iconic) {
+               if (e->state == XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE) {
+                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
+                               win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_prev(win);
+
+                       unfocus_win(win);
+                       unmap_window(win);
 
-       switch (e->atom) {
-       case XCB_ATOM_WM_CLASS:
-       case XCB_ATOM_WM_NAME:
+                       if (win->ws->r) {
+                               stack();
+                               if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+                                       focus_win(win->ws->focus_pending);
+                                       win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+                               }
+                               focus_flush();
+                       }
+               } else if (e->state == XCB_PROPERTY_DELETE) {
+                       /* The window is no longer iconic, restack ws. */
+                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW)
+                               win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_magic(win);
+
+                       stack();
+
+                       /* Flush EnterNotify for mapnotify, if needed. */
+                       focus_flush();
+               }
+       } else if (e->atom == a_state) {
+               /* State just changed, make sure it gets focused if mapped. */
+               if (e->state == XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE) {
+                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+                               if (win->mapped &&
+                                   win->ws->focus_pending == win) {
+                                       focus_win(win->ws->focus_pending);
+                                       win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       } else if (e->atom == XCB_ATOM_WM_CLASS ||
+           e->atom == XCB_ATOM_WM_NAME) {
                bar_update();
-               break;
-       default:
-               break;
        }
+
+       xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
 void
 unmapnotify(xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *e)
 {
        struct ws_win           *win;
+       struct workspace        *ws;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "unmapnotify: window: 0x%x\n", e->window);
 
-       /* determine if we need to help unmanage this window */
+       /* If we aren't managing the window, then ignore. */
        win = find_window(e->window);
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
 
-       if (getstate(e->window) == XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_NORMAL) {
+       ws = win->ws;
+
+       if (getstate(e->window) != XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC)
+               set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC);
+
+       if (win->mapped) {
+               /* window unmapped itself */
+               /* do unmap/unfocus/restack and unmanage */
+               win->mapped = 0;
+
+               /* If win was focused, make sure to focus on something else. */
+               if (win == ws->focus) {
+                       if (focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+                               ws->focus_pending = get_focus_prev(win);
+                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "unmapnotify: "
+                                   "focus_pending: 0x%x\n",
+                                   WINID(ws->focus_pending));
+                       }
+
+                       unfocus_win(win);
+               }
+
                unmanage_window(win);
-               stack();
-               focus_flush();
+
+               if (ws->r)
+                       stack();
+
+               if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
+                       if (ws->r)
+                               focus_win(get_pointer_win(ws->r->s->root));
+               } else {
+                       if (ws->focus_pending) {
+                               focus_win(ws->focus_pending);
+                               ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+                       }
+               }
        }
+
+       if (getstate(e->window) == XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_NORMAL)
+               set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC);
+
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 #if 0
@@ -7598,6 +8105,7 @@ clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *e)
 
        if (win == NULL) {
                if (e->type == ewmh[_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW].atom) {
+                       /* Manage the window with maprequest. */
                        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "clientmessage: request focus on "
                            "unmanaged window.\n");
                        mre.window = e->window;
@@ -7613,7 +8121,7 @@ clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *e)
        if (e->type == ewmh[_NET_CLOSE_WINDOW].atom) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "clientmessage: _NET_CLOSE_WINDOW\n");
                if (win->can_delete)
-                       client_msg(win, a_delete);
+                       client_msg(win, a_delete, 0);
                else
                        xcb_kill_client(conn, win->id);
        }
@@ -7648,7 +8156,7 @@ clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *e)
                stack();
        }
 
-       xcb_flush(conn);
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 void
@@ -7688,7 +8196,8 @@ int
 enable_wm(void)
 {
        int                     num_screens, i;
-       const uint32_t          val = XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_REDIRECT;
+       const uint32_t          val = XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_REDIRECT |
+           XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW;
        xcb_screen_t            *sc;
        xcb_void_cookie_t       wac;
        xcb_generic_error_t     *error;
@@ -7708,6 +8217,11 @@ enable_wm(void)
                        free(error);
                        return 1;
                }
+
+               /* click to focus on empty region */
+               xcb_grab_button(conn, 1, sc->root, BUTTONMASK,
+                   XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_WINDOW_NONE,
+                   XCB_CURSOR_NONE, XCB_BUTTON_INDEX_1, XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY);
        }
 
        return 0;
@@ -7804,6 +8318,8 @@ scan_xrandr(int i)
        xcb_randr_crtc_t                                *crtc;
        xcb_screen_t                                    *screen;
 
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "scan_xrandr: screen: %d\n", i);
+
        if ((screen = get_screen(i)) == NULL)
                errx(1, "ERROR: can't get screen %d.", i);
 
@@ -7831,7 +8347,7 @@ scan_xrandr(int i)
                        new_region(&screens[i], 0, 0,
                            screen->width_in_pixels,
                            screen->height_in_pixels);
-                       return;
+                       goto out;
                } else
                        ncrtc = srr->num_crtcs;
 
@@ -7857,12 +8373,16 @@ scan_xrandr(int i)
                        free(cir);
                }
                free(srr);
-       } else
+       }
 #endif /* SWM_XRR_HAS_CRTC */
-       {
+
+       /* If detection failed, create a single region that spans the screen. */
+       if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&screens[i].rl))
                new_region(&screens[i], 0, 0, screen->width_in_pixels,
                    screen->height_in_pixels);
-       }
+
+out:
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "scan_xrandr: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -7897,10 +8417,10 @@ screenchange(xcb_randr_screen_change_notify_event_t *e)
 void
 grab_windows(void)
 {
-       xcb_window_t            *wins   = NULL;
+       xcb_window_t            *wins = NULL, trans;
        int                     no;
        int                     i, j, num_screens;
-       uint16_t                state, manage;
+       uint16_t                state, manage, mapped;
 
        xcb_query_tree_cookie_t                 qtc;
        xcb_query_tree_reply_t                  *qtr;
@@ -7919,51 +8439,67 @@ grab_windows(void)
                no = xcb_query_tree_children_length(qtr);
                /* attach windows to a region */
                /* normal windows */
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: grab top level windows.\n");
                for (j = 0; j < no; j++) {
                        c = xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, wins[j]);
                        r = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn, c, NULL);
-                       if (!r)
+                       if (!r) {
+                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: skip %#x; "
+                                   "doesn't exist.\n", wins[j]);
                                continue;
+                       }
                        if (r->override_redirect) {
+                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: skip %#x; "
+                                   "override_redirect set.\n", wins[j]);
                                free(r);
                                continue;
                        }
 
                        pc = xcb_icccm_get_wm_transient_for(conn, wins[j]);
                        if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_transient_for_reply(conn, pc,
-                           &wins[j], NULL)) {
+                           &trans, NULL)) {
+                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: skip %#x; "
+                                   "is transient for %#x.\n", wins[j], trans);
                                free(r);
                                continue;
                        }
 
                        state = getstate(wins[j]);
-                       manage = state == XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC;
-                       if (r->map_state == XCB_MAP_STATE_VIEWABLE || manage)
-                               manage_window(wins[j]);
+                       manage = state != XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_WITHDRAWN;
+                       mapped = r->map_state != XCB_MAP_STATE_UNMAPPED;
+                       if (mapped || manage)
+                               manage_window(wins[j], mapped);
                        free(r);
                }
                /* transient windows */
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: grab transient windows.\n");
                for (j = 0; j < no; j++) {
                        c = xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, wins[j]);
                        r = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn, c, NULL);
-                       if (!r)
+                       if (!r) {
+                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: skip %#x; "
+                                   "doesn't exist.\n", wins[j]);
                                continue;
+                       }
                        if (r->override_redirect) {
+                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: skip %#x; "
+                                   "override_redirect set.\n", wins[j]);
                                free(r);
                                continue;
                        }
-                       free(r);
 
                        state = getstate(wins[j]);
-                       manage = state == XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC;
+                       manage = state != XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_WITHDRAWN;
+                       mapped = r->map_state != XCB_MAP_STATE_UNMAPPED;
                        pc = xcb_icccm_get_wm_transient_for(conn, wins[j]);
                        if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_transient_for_reply(conn, pc,
-                           &wins[j], NULL) && manage)
-                               manage_window(wins[j]);
+                           &trans, NULL) && manage)
+                               manage_window(wins[j], mapped);
+                       free(r);
                }
                free(qtr);
        }
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -7974,8 +8510,6 @@ setup_screens(void)
        uint32_t                gcv[1], wa[1];
        const xcb_query_extension_reply_t *qep;
        xcb_screen_t                            *screen;
-       xcb_cursor_t                            cursor;
-       xcb_font_t                              cursor_font;
        xcb_randr_query_version_cookie_t        c;
        xcb_randr_query_version_reply_t         *r;
 
@@ -8000,13 +8534,7 @@ setup_screens(void)
                }
        }
 
-       cursor_font = xcb_generate_id(conn);
-       xcb_open_font(conn, cursor_font, strlen("cursor"), "cursor");
-
-       cursor = xcb_generate_id(conn);
-       xcb_create_glyph_cursor(conn, cursor, cursor_font, cursor_font,
-           XC_left_ptr, XC_left_ptr + 1, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff);
-       wa[0] = cursor;
+       wa[0] = cursors[XC_LEFT_PTR].cid;
 
        /* map physical screens */
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
@@ -8042,6 +8570,8 @@ setup_screens(void)
                        ws->idx = j;
                        ws->name = NULL;
                        ws->focus = NULL;
+                       ws->focus_prev = NULL;
+                       ws->focus_pending = NULL;
                        ws->r = NULL;
                        ws->old_r = NULL;
                        TAILQ_INIT(&ws->winlist);
@@ -8061,8 +8591,6 @@ setup_screens(void)
                        xcb_randr_select_input(conn, screens[i].root,
                            XCB_RANDR_NOTIFY_MASK_SCREEN_CHANGE);
        }
-       xcb_free_cursor(conn, cursor);
-       xcb_close_font(conn, cursor_font);
 }
 
 void
@@ -8131,6 +8659,8 @@ shutdown_cleanup(void)
        bar_extra = 1;
        unmap_all();
 
+       cursors_cleanup();
+
        teardown_ewmh();
 
        num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
@@ -8170,9 +8700,9 @@ event_handle(xcb_generic_event_t *evt)
 {
        uint8_t type = XCB_EVENT_RESPONSE_TYPE(evt);
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "XCB Event: %s(%d)\n",
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "XCB Event: %s(%d), seq %u\n",
            xcb_event_get_label(XCB_EVENT_RESPONSE_TYPE(evt)),
-           XCB_EVENT_RESPONSE_TYPE(evt));
+           XCB_EVENT_RESPONSE_TYPE(evt), evt->sequence);
 
        switch (type) {
 #define EVENT(type, callback) case type: callback((void *)evt); return
@@ -8191,8 +8721,8 @@ event_handle(xcb_generic_event_t *evt)
        EVENT(XCB_EXPOSE, expose);
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
        EVENT(XCB_FOCUS_IN, focusin);
+       EVENT(XCB_FOCUS_OUT, focusout);
 #endif
-       /*EVENT(XCB_FOCUS_OUT, );*/
        /*EVENT(XCB_GRAPHICS_EXPOSURE, );*/
        /*EVENT(XCB_GRAVITY_NOTIFY, );*/
        EVENT(XCB_KEY_PRESS, keypress);
@@ -8225,7 +8755,6 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
        struct swm_region       *r, *rr;
        struct ws_win           *winfocus = NULL;
-       union arg               a;
        char                    conf[PATH_MAX], *cfile = NULL;
        struct stat             sb;
        int                     xfd, i, num_screens;
@@ -8288,6 +8817,9 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
        if (enable_wm() != 0)
                errx(1, "another window manager is currently running");
 
+       /* Load Xcursors and/or cursorfont glyph cursors. */
+       cursors_load();
+
        xcb_aux_sync(conn);
 
        setup_globals();
@@ -8354,8 +8886,6 @@ noconfig:
                        bar_setup(r);
                }
 
-       //unfocus_all();
-
        grabkeys();
        stack();
 
@@ -8364,28 +8894,23 @@ noconfig:
 
        while (running) {
                while ((evt = xcb_poll_for_event(conn))) {
-                       if (running == 0)
+                       if (!running)
                                goto done;
                        event_handle(evt);
                        free(evt);
                }
 
-               /* if we are being restarted go focus on first window */
-               if (winfocus) {
+               /* If just (re)started, set default focus if needed. */
+               if (winfocus && focus_mode != SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW) {
                        rr = winfocus->ws->r;
                        if (rr == NULL) {
                                /* not a visible window */
                                winfocus = NULL;
                                continue;
                        }
-                       /* move pointer to first screen if multi screen */
-                       if (num_screens > 1 || outputs > 1)
-                               xcb_warp_pointer(conn, XCB_WINDOW_NONE,
-                                   rr->s[0].root, 0, 0, 0, 0, X(rr),
-                                   Y(rr) + (bar_enabled ? bar_height : 0));
-
-                       a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-                       focus(rr, &a);
+
+                       focus_win(get_region_focus(rr));
+                       focus_flush();
                        winfocus = NULL;
                        continue;
                }
@@ -8398,11 +8923,11 @@ noconfig:
                        if (errno != EINTR) {
                                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "select failed");
                        }
-               if (restart_wm == 1)
+               if (restart_wm)
                        restart(NULL, NULL);
-               if (search_resp == 1)
+               if (search_resp)
                        search_do_resp();
-               if (running == 0)
+               if (!running)
                        goto done;
                if (bar_alarm) {
                        bar_alarm = 0;