]> code.delx.au - spectrwm/blobdiff - spectrwm.c
Fix unmapnotify to update the win mapping and iconic state.
[spectrwm] / spectrwm.c
index 73e3fc7ddbad38ee3b7c78288f48974572799aa5..f550e1a27c07d68741e1367d2dc28a15732b1991 100644 (file)
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Reginald Kennedy <rk@rejii.com>
  * Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Lawrence Teo <lteo@lteo.net>
  * Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Tiago Cunha <tcunha@gmx.com>
+ * Copyright (c) 2012 David Hill <dhill@mindcry.org>
  *
  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
@@ -111,20 +112,23 @@ static const char *buildstr = SPECTRWM_BUILDSTR;
 static const char      *buildstr = SPECTRWM_VERSION;
 #endif
 
-#if RANDR_MAJOR < 1
-#  error XRandR versions less than 1.0 are not supported
+#if !defined(__CYGWIN__) /* cygwin chokes on xrandr stuff */
+#  if RANDR_MAJOR < 1
+#    error XRandR versions less than 1.0 are not supported
 #endif
 
-#if RANDR_MAJOR >= 1
-#if RANDR_MINOR >= 2
-#define SWM_XRR_HAS_CRTC
-#endif
-#endif
+#  if RANDR_MAJOR >= 1
+#    if RANDR_MINOR >= 2
+#      define SWM_XRR_HAS_CRTC
+#    endif
+#  endif
+#endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
 
-#if defined(__OpenBSD__)
+#ifndef XCB_ICCCM_NUM_WM_HINTS_ELEMENTS
 #define XCB_ICCCM_SIZE_HINT_P_MIN_SIZE         XCB_SIZE_HINT_P_MIN_SIZE
 #define XCB_ICCCM_SIZE_HINT_P_MAX_SIZE         XCB_SIZE_HINT_P_MAX_SIZE
 #define XCB_ICCCM_SIZE_HINT_P_RESIZE_INC       XCB_SIZE_HINT_P_RESIZE_INC
+#define XCB_ICCCM_WM_HINT_INPUT                        XCB_WM_HINT_INPUT
 #define XCB_ICCCM_WM_HINT_X_URGENCY            XCB_WM_HINT_X_URGENCY
 #define XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC              XCB_WM_STATE_ICONIC
 #define XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_WITHDRAWN           XCB_WM_STATE_WITHDRAWN
@@ -150,7 +154,7 @@ static const char   *buildstr = SPECTRWM_VERSION;
 #define xcb_icccm_wm_hints_t                   xcb_wm_hints_t
 #endif
 
-#define SWM_DEBUG
+/*#define SWM_DEBUG*/
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
 #define DPRINTF(x...) do {                                                     \
        if (swm_debug)                                                          \
@@ -212,10 +216,11 @@ u_int32_t         swm_debug = 0
        xrc.alpha = 0xffff;
 
 #define LENGTH(x)              (int)(sizeof (x) / sizeof (x)[0])
-#define MODKEY                 Mod1Mask
-#define CLEANMASK(mask)                ((mask) & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
-#define BUTTONMASK             (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
-#define MOUSEMASK              (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
+#define MODKEY                 XCB_MOD_MASK_1
+#define CLEANMASK(mask)                ((mask) & ~(numlockmask | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK))
+#define BUTTONMASK             (XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS |          \
+    XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_RELEASE)
+#define MOUSEMASK              (BUTTONMASK|XCB_EVENT_MASK_POINTER_MOTION)
 #define SWM_PROPLEN            (16)
 #define SWM_FUNCNAME_LEN       (32)
 #define SWM_KEYS_LEN           (255)
@@ -241,8 +246,8 @@ u_int32_t           swm_debug = 0
 #define YESNO(x)               ((x) ? "yes" : "no")
 
 #define SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT      (0)
-#define SWM_FOCUS_SYNERGY      (1)
-#define SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW       (2)
+#define SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW       (1)
+#define SWM_FOCUS_MANUAL       (2)
 
 #define SWM_CONF_DEFAULT       (0)
 #define SWM_CONF_KEYMAPPING    (1)
@@ -264,8 +269,8 @@ xcb_atom_t          a_swm_iconic;
 xcb_atom_t             a_swm_ws;
 volatile sig_atomic_t   running = 1;
 volatile sig_atomic_t   restart_wm = 0;
+xcb_timestamp_t                last_event_time = 0;
 int                    outputs = 0;
-/*int                  last_focus_event = FocusOut;*/
 int                    other_wm;
 int                    ss_enabled = 0;
 int                    xrandr_support;
@@ -322,49 +327,58 @@ double                    dialog_ratio = 0.6;
 #define SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_CENTER (1)
 #define SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_RIGHT  (2)
 #define SWM_BAR_OFFSET         (4)
-#define SWM_BAR_FONTS          "-*-terminus-medium-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*," \
-                               "-*-profont-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"       \
-                               "-*-times-medium-r-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"    \
-                               "-misc-fixed-medium-r-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"  \
-                               "-*-*-*-r-*--*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*"
-
-char                   *bar_argv[] = { NULL, NULL };
-int                    bar_pipe[2];
-unsigned char          bar_ext[SWM_BAR_MAX];
-char                   bar_vertext[SWM_BAR_MAX];
-int                    bar_version = 0;
-sig_atomic_t           bar_alarm = 0;
-int                    bar_delay = 30;
-int                    bar_enabled = 1;
-int                    bar_border_width = 1;
-int                    bar_at_bottom = 0;
-int                    bar_extra = 1;
-int                    bar_extra_running = 0;
-int                    bar_verbose = 1;
-int                    bar_height = 0;
-int                    bar_justify = SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_LEFT;
-char                   *bar_format = NULL;
-int                    stack_enabled = 1;
-int                    clock_enabled = 1;
-int                    urgent_enabled = 0;
-char                   *clock_format = NULL;
-int                    title_name_enabled = 0;
-int                    title_class_enabled = 0;
-int                    window_name_enabled = 0;
-int                    focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT;
-int                    focus_close = SWM_STACK_BELOW;
-int                    focus_close_wrap = 1;
-int                    focus_default = SWM_STACK_TOP;
-int                    spawn_position = SWM_STACK_TOP;
-int                    disable_border = 0;
-int                    border_width = 1;
-int                    verbose_layout = 0;
-time_t                 time_started;
-pid_t                  bar_pid;
-XftFont                        *bar_font;
-char                   *bar_fonts;
-XftColor               bar_font_color;
-struct passwd          *pwd;
+#define SWM_BAR_FONTS          "-*-terminus-medium-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*," \
+                               "-*-profont-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"      \
+                               "-*-times-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"    \
+                               "-misc-fixed-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,"  \
+                               "-*-*-*-r-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*"
+
+#ifdef X_HAVE_UTF8_STRING
+#define DRAWSTRING(x...)       Xutf8DrawString(x)
+#else
+#define DRAWSTRING(x...)       XmbDrawString(x)
+#endif
+
+char           *bar_argv[] = { NULL, NULL };
+int             bar_pipe[2];
+unsigned char   bar_ext[SWM_BAR_MAX];
+char            bar_vertext[SWM_BAR_MAX];
+int             bar_version = 0;
+sig_atomic_t    bar_alarm = 0;
+int             bar_delay = 30;
+int             bar_enabled = 1;
+int             bar_border_width = 1;
+int             bar_at_bottom = 0;
+int             bar_extra = 1;
+int             bar_extra_running = 0;
+int             bar_verbose = 1;
+int             bar_height = 0;
+int             bar_justify = SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_LEFT;
+char            *bar_format = NULL;
+int             stack_enabled = 1;
+int             clock_enabled = 1;
+int             urgent_enabled = 0;
+char           *clock_format = NULL;
+int             title_name_enabled = 0;
+int             title_class_enabled = 0;
+int             window_name_enabled = 0;
+int             focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT;
+int             focus_close = SWM_STACK_BELOW;
+int             focus_close_wrap = 1;
+int             focus_default = SWM_STACK_TOP;
+int             spawn_position = SWM_STACK_TOP;
+int             disable_border = 0;
+int             border_width = 1;
+int             verbose_layout = 0;
+time_t          time_started;
+pid_t           bar_pid;
+XFontSet        bar_fs;
+XFontSetExtents        *bar_fs_extents;
+XftFont                *bar_font;
+int             bar_font_legacy = 1;
+char           *bar_fonts;
+XftColor        bar_font_color;
+struct passwd  *pwd;
 
 /* layout manager data */
 struct swm_geometry {
@@ -398,13 +412,14 @@ struct ws_win {
        TAILQ_ENTRY(ws_win)     entry;
        xcb_window_t            id;
        xcb_window_t            transient;
-       struct ws_win           *child_trans;   /* transient child window */
+       struct ws_win           *focus_child;   /* focus on child transient */
        struct swm_geometry     g;              /* current geometry */
        struct swm_geometry     g_float;        /* region coordinates */
        int                     g_floatvalid;   /* g_float geometry validity */
        int                     floatmaxed;     /* whether maxed by max_stack */
        int                     floating;
        int                     manual;
+       int32_t                 mapped;
        int32_t                 iconic;
        int                     bordered;
        unsigned int            ewmh_flags;
@@ -475,6 +490,7 @@ struct workspace {
        struct layout           *cur_layout;    /* current layout handlers */
        struct ws_win           *focus;         /* may be NULL */
        struct ws_win           *focus_prev;    /* may be NULL */
+       struct ws_win           *focus_pending; /* may be NULL */
        struct swm_region       *r;             /* may be NULL */
        struct swm_region       *old_r;         /* may be NULL */
        struct ws_win_list      winlist;        /* list of windows in ws */
@@ -521,6 +537,7 @@ struct swm_screen {
        } c[SWM_S_COLOR_MAX];
 
        xcb_gcontext_t          bar_gc;
+       GC                      bar_gc_legacy;
 };
 struct swm_screen      *screens;
 
@@ -530,7 +547,6 @@ union arg {
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSNEXT   (0)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSPREV   (1)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSMAIN   (2)
-#define SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR    (4)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_SWAPNEXT    (10)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_SWAPPREV    (11)
 #define SWM_ARG_ID_SWAPMAIN    (12)
@@ -591,11 +607,13 @@ enum {
        _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW,
        _NET_CLOSE_WINDOW,
        _NET_MOVERESIZE_WINDOW,
+       _NET_WM_ACTION_ABOVE,
        _NET_WM_ACTION_CLOSE,
        _NET_WM_ACTION_FULLSCREEN,
        _NET_WM_ACTION_MOVE,
        _NET_WM_ACTION_RESIZE,
        _NET_WM_ALLOWED_ACTIONS,
+       _NET_WM_NAME,
        _NET_WM_STATE,
        _NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE,
        _NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN,
@@ -623,11 +641,13 @@ struct ewmh_hint {
     {"_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
     {"_NET_CLOSE_WINDOW", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
     {"_NET_MOVERESIZE_WINDOW", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+    {"_NET_WM_ACTION_ABOVE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
     {"_NET_WM_ACTION_CLOSE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
     {"_NET_WM_ACTION_FULLSCREEN", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
     {"_NET_WM_ACTION_MOVE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
     {"_NET_WM_ACTION_RESIZE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
     {"_NET_WM_ALLOWED_ACTIONS", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
+    {"_NET_WM_NAME", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
     {"_NET_WM_STATE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
     {"_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
     {"_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", XCB_ATOM_NONE},
@@ -647,29 +667,106 @@ struct ewmh_hint {
 };
 
 /* function prototypes */
+void    buttonpress(xcb_button_press_event_t *);
+void    check_conn(void);
+void    clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *);
 int     conf_load(char *, int);
+void    configurenotify(xcb_configure_notify_event_t *);
+void    configurerequest(xcb_configure_request_event_t *);
 void    constrain_window(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *, int);
-void    do_sync(void);
+void    destroynotify(xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *);
+void    enternotify(xcb_enter_notify_event_t *);
+void    event_drain(uint8_t);
+void    event_error(xcb_generic_error_t *);
 void    event_handle(xcb_generic_event_t *);
+char   *expand_tilde(char *);
+void    expose(xcb_expose_event_t *);
 struct ws_win  *find_window(xcb_window_t);
 int     floating_toggle_win(struct ws_win *);
 void    focus(struct swm_region *, union arg *);
-void    focus_magic(struct ws_win *);
+void    focus_flush(void);
+struct ws_win  *get_focus_magic(struct ws_win *);
+struct ws_win  *get_focus_prev(struct ws_win *);
+void    focus_win(struct ws_win *);
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+void    focusin(xcb_focus_in_event_t *);
+#endif
 xcb_atom_t get_atom_from_string(const char *);
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+char   *get_atom_name(xcb_atom_t);
+char   *get_notify_detail_label(uint8_t);
+char   *get_notify_mode_label(uint8_t);
+#endif
+struct ws_win  *get_region_focus(struct swm_region *);
 xcb_screen_t   *get_screen(int);
 char   *get_win_name(xcb_window_t);
 uint32_t getstate(xcb_window_t);
-void    grabbuttons(struct ws_win *, int);
-void    map_window_raised(xcb_window_t);
+void    grabbuttons(struct ws_win *);
+void    keypress(xcb_key_press_event_t *);
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+void    leavenotify(xcb_leave_notify_event_t *);
+#endif
+void    load_float_geom(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *);
+struct ws_win  *manage_window(xcb_window_t, uint16_t);
+void    map_window(struct ws_win *);
+void    mapnotify(xcb_map_notify_event_t *);
+void    mappingnotify(xcb_mapping_notify_event_t *);
+void    maprequest(xcb_map_request_event_t *);
 void    new_region(struct swm_screen *, int, int, int, int);
 int     parse_rgb(const char *, uint16_t *, uint16_t *, uint16_t *);
+void    propertynotify(xcb_property_notify_event_t *);
 void    spawn_select(struct swm_region *, union arg *, char *, int *);
+void    screenchange(xcb_randr_screen_change_notify_event_t *);
+void    shutdown_cleanup(void);
 void    store_float_geom(struct ws_win *, struct swm_region *);
 void    unmanage_window(struct ws_win *);
+void    unmapnotify(xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *);
+void    unfocus_win(struct ws_win *);
 void    update_window(struct ws_win *);
-#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
-char   *get_atom_name(xcb_atom_t);
-#endif
+/*void  visibilitynotify(xcb_visibility_notify_event_t *);*/
+
+char *
+expand_tilde(char *s)
+{
+       struct passwd           *ppwd;
+       int                     i, max;
+       char                    *user;
+       const char              *sc = s;
+       char                    *result;
+
+       if (s == NULL)
+               errx(1, "expand_tilde: NULL string.");
+
+       if (s[0] != '~') {
+               result = strdup(sc);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       ++s;
+
+       if ((max = sysconf(_SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX)) == -1)
+               errx(1, "expand_tilde: sysconf");
+
+       if ((user = calloc(1, max + 1)) == NULL)
+               errx(1, "expand_tilde: calloc");
+
+       for (i = 0; s[i] != '/' && s[i] != '\0'; ++i)
+               user[i] = s[i];
+       user[i] = '\0';
+       s = &s[i];
+
+       ppwd = strlen(user) == 0 ? getpwuid(getuid()) : getpwnam(user);
+       if (ppwd == NULL)
+               result = strdup(sc);
+       else
+               if (asprintf(&result, "%s%s", ppwd->pw_dir, s) == -1)
+                       result = NULL;
+out:
+       if (result == NULL)
+               errx(1, "expand_tilde: failed to allocate memory.");
+
+       return result;
+}
 
 int
 parse_rgb(const char *rgb, uint16_t *rr, uint16_t *gg, uint16_t *bb)
@@ -689,39 +786,29 @@ parse_rgb(const char *rgb, uint16_t *rr, uint16_t *gg, uint16_t *bb)
 xcb_screen_t *
 get_screen(int screen)
 {
-       xcb_screen_iterator_t i;
+       const xcb_setup_t       *r;
+       xcb_screen_iterator_t   iter;
+
+       if ((r = xcb_get_setup(conn)) == NULL) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "get_screen: xcb_get_setup\n");
+               check_conn();
+       }
 
-       i = xcb_setup_roots_iterator(xcb_get_setup(conn));
-       for (; i.rem; --screen, xcb_screen_next(&i))
+       iter = xcb_setup_roots_iterator(r);
+       for (; iter.rem; --screen, xcb_screen_next(&iter))
                if (screen == 0)
-                       return (i.data);
+                       return (iter.data);
 
        return (NULL);
 }
 
 void
-do_sync(void)
-{
-       xcb_get_input_focus_cookie_t    c;
-       xcb_get_input_focus_reply_t     *r;
-
-       /* mimic XSync() */
-       c = xcb_get_input_focus(conn);
-       xcb_flush(conn);
-       r = xcb_get_input_focus_reply(conn, c, NULL);
-       if (r)
-               free(r);
-}
-
-void
-map_window_raised(xcb_window_t win)
+focus_flush(void)
 {
-       uint32_t        val = XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE;
-
-       xcb_configure_window(conn, win,
-           XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE, &val);
-
-       xcb_map_window(conn, win);
+       if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT)
+               event_drain(XCB_ENTER_NOTIFY);
+       else
+               xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
 xcb_atom_t
@@ -758,12 +845,11 @@ update_iconic(struct ws_win *win, int newv)
 }
 
 int32_t
-get_iconic(struct ws_win *win)
+get_swm_iconic(struct ws_win *win)
 {
        int32_t                         v = 0;
        xcb_get_property_reply_t        *pr = NULL;
 
-
        pr = xcb_get_property_reply(conn,
            xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win->id, a_swm_iconic,
            XCB_ATOM_INTEGER, 0, 1), NULL);
@@ -820,15 +906,16 @@ teardown_ewmh(void)
                pc = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, screens[i].root, sup_check,
                    XCB_ATOM_WINDOW, 0, 1);
                pr = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, pc, NULL);
-               if (pr && pr->format == sup_check) {
+               if (!pr)
+                       continue;
+               if (pr->format == sup_check) {
                        id = *((xcb_window_t *)xcb_get_property_value(pr));
 
                        xcb_destroy_window(conn, id);
                        xcb_delete_property(conn, screens[i].root, sup_check);
                        xcb_delete_property(conn, screens[i].root, sup_list);
-
-                       free(pr);
                }
+               free(pr);
        }
 }
 
@@ -896,12 +983,7 @@ ewmh_set_win_fullscreen(struct ws_win *win, int fs)
                win->g = win->ws->r->g;
                win->bordered = 0;
        } else {
-               if (win->g_floatvalid) {
-                       /* refloat at last floating relative position */
-                       win->g = win->g_float;
-                       X(win) += X(win->ws->r);
-                       Y(win) += Y(win->ws->r);
-               }
+               load_float_geom(win, win->ws->r);
        }
 
        return (1);
@@ -921,6 +1003,7 @@ ewmh_update_actions(struct ws_win *win)
        if (win->floating) {
                actions[n++] = ewmh[_NET_WM_ACTION_MOVE].atom;
                actions[n++] = ewmh[_NET_WM_ACTION_RESIZE].atom;
+               actions[n++] = ewmh[_NET_WM_ACTION_ABOVE].atom;
        }
 
        xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, win->id,
@@ -932,7 +1015,7 @@ ewmh_update_actions(struct ws_win *win)
 #define _NET_WM_STATE_TOGGLE   2    /* toggle property */
 
 void
-ewmh_update_win_state(struct ws_win *win, long state, long action)
+ewmh_update_win_state(struct ws_win *win, xcb_atom_t state, long action)
 {
        unsigned int            mask = 0;
        unsigned int            changed = 0;
@@ -942,20 +1025,19 @@ ewmh_update_win_state(struct ws_win *win, long state, long action)
                return;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_PROP, "ewmh_update_win_state: window: 0x%x, state: %ld, "
-           "action: %ld\n", win->id, state, action);
+           "action: %ld\n", win->id, (unsigned long)state, action);
 
        if (state == ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN].atom)
                mask = EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN;
-       if (state == ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE].atom)
+       else if (state == ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE].atom)
                mask = EWMH_F_ABOVE;
-       if (state == ewmh[_SWM_WM_STATE_MANUAL].atom)
+       else if (state == ewmh[_SWM_WM_STATE_MANUAL].atom)
                mask = SWM_F_MANUAL;
-       if (state == ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_SKIP_PAGER].atom)
+       else if (state == ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_SKIP_PAGER].atom)
                mask = EWMH_F_SKIP_PAGER;
-       if (state == ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_SKIP_TASKBAR].atom)
+       else if (state == ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_SKIP_TASKBAR].atom)
                mask = EWMH_F_SKIP_TASKBAR;
 
-
        orig_flags = win->ewmh_flags;
 
        switch (action) {
@@ -972,18 +1054,17 @@ ewmh_update_win_state(struct ws_win *win, long state, long action)
 
        changed = (win->ewmh_flags & mask) ^ (orig_flags & mask) ? 1 : 0;
 
-       if (state == ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE].atom)
-               if (changed)
-                       if (!floating_toggle_win(win))
+       if (state == ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE].atom) {
+               if (changed && !floating_toggle_win(win))
                                win->ewmh_flags = orig_flags; /* revert */
-       if (state == ewmh[_SWM_WM_STATE_MANUAL].atom)
+       } else if (state == ewmh[_SWM_WM_STATE_MANUAL].atom) {
                if (changed)
                        win->manual = (win->ewmh_flags & SWM_F_MANUAL) != 0;
-       if (state == ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN].atom)
-               if (changed)
-                       if (!ewmh_set_win_fullscreen(win,
+       } else if (state == ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN].atom) {
+               if (changed && !ewmh_set_win_fullscreen(win,
                            win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN))
                                win->ewmh_flags = orig_flags; /* revert */
+       }
 
        xcb_delete_property(conn, win->id, ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE].atom);
 
@@ -991,19 +1072,19 @@ ewmh_update_win_state(struct ws_win *win, long state, long action)
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_APPEND, win->id,
                    ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE].atom, XCB_ATOM_ATOM, 32, 1,
                    &ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN].atom);
-       if (win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_SKIP_PAGER)
+       else if (win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_SKIP_PAGER)
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_APPEND, win->id,
                    ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE].atom, XCB_ATOM_ATOM, 32, 1,
                    &ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_SKIP_PAGER].atom);
-       if (win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_SKIP_TASKBAR)
+       else if (win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_SKIP_TASKBAR)
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_APPEND, win->id,
                    ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE].atom, XCB_ATOM_ATOM, 32, 1,
                    &ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_SKIP_TASKBAR].atom);
-       if (win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_ABOVE)
+       else if (win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_ABOVE)
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_APPEND, win->id,
                    ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE].atom, XCB_ATOM_ATOM, 32, 1,
                    &ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE].atom);
-       if (win->ewmh_flags & SWM_F_MANUAL)
+       else if (win->ewmh_flags & SWM_F_MANUAL)
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_APPEND, win->id,
                    ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE].atom, XCB_ATOM_ATOM, 32, 1,
                    &ewmh[_SWM_WM_STATE_MANUAL].atom);
@@ -1093,28 +1174,13 @@ dumpwins(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 }
 #else
 void
-dumpwins(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
+dumpwins(struct swm_region *r, union arg *s)
 {
+       (void)r;
+       (void)s;
 }
 #endif /* SWM_DEBUG */
 
-void                   event_error(xcb_generic_error_t *);
-void                   expose(xcb_expose_event_t *);
-void                   keypress(xcb_key_press_event_t *);
-void                   buttonpress(xcb_button_press_event_t *);
-void                   configurerequest(xcb_configure_request_event_t *);
-void                   configurenotify(xcb_configure_notify_event_t *);
-void                   destroynotify(xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *);
-void                   enternotify(xcb_enter_notify_event_t *);
-void                   mapnotify(xcb_map_notify_event_t *);
-void                   mappingnotify(xcb_mapping_notify_event_t *);
-void                   maprequest(xcb_map_request_event_t *);
-void                   propertynotify(xcb_property_notify_event_t *);
-void                   unmapnotify(xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *);
-/*void                 visibilitynotify(xcb_visibility_notify_event_t *);*/
-void                   clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *);
-void                   screenchange(xcb_randr_screen_change_notify_event_t *);
-
 void
 sighdlr(int sig)
 {
@@ -1294,7 +1360,9 @@ custom_region(char *val)
                    sidx, num_screens);
        sidx--;
 
-       screen = get_screen(sidx);
+       if ((screen = get_screen(sidx)) == NULL)
+               errx(1, "ERROR: can't get screen %d.", sidx);
+
        if (w < 1 || h < 1)
                errx(1, "region %ux%u+%u+%u too small", w, h, x, y);
 
@@ -1323,6 +1391,59 @@ socket_setnonblock(int fd)
                err(1, "fcntl F_SETFL");
 }
 
+void
+bar_print_legacy(struct swm_region *r, const char *s)
+{
+       xcb_rectangle_t         rect;
+       uint32_t                gcv[1];
+       XGCValues               gcvd;
+       int                     x = 0;
+       size_t                  len;
+       XRectangle              ibox, lbox;
+       GC                      draw;
+
+       len = strlen(s);
+       XmbTextExtents(bar_fs, s, len, &ibox, &lbox);
+
+       switch (bar_justify) {
+       case SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_LEFT:
+               x = SWM_BAR_OFFSET;
+               break;
+       case SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_CENTER:
+               x = (WIDTH(r) - lbox.width) / 2;
+               break;
+       case SWM_BAR_JUSTIFY_RIGHT:
+               x = WIDTH(r) - lbox.width - SWM_BAR_OFFSET;
+               break;
+       }
+
+       if (x < SWM_BAR_OFFSET)
+               x = SWM_BAR_OFFSET;
+
+       rect.x = 0;
+       rect.y = 0;
+       rect.width = WIDTH(r->bar);
+       rect.height = HEIGHT(r->bar);
+
+       /* clear back buffer */
+       gcv[0] = r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR].pixel;
+       xcb_change_gc(conn, r->s->bar_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, gcv);
+       xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, r->bar->buffer, r->s->bar_gc, 1, &rect);
+
+       /* draw back buffer */
+       gcvd.graphics_exposures = 0;
+       draw = XCreateGC(display, r->bar->buffer, GCGraphicsExposures, &gcvd);
+       XSetForeground(display, draw, r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR_FONT].pixel);
+       DRAWSTRING(display, r->bar->buffer, bar_fs, draw,
+           x, (bar_fs_extents->max_logical_extent.height - lbox.height) / 2 -
+           lbox.y, s, len);
+       XFreeGC(display, draw);
+
+       /* blt */
+       xcb_copy_area(conn, r->bar->buffer, r->bar->id, r->s->bar_gc, 0, 0,
+           0, 0, WIDTH(r->bar), HEIGHT(r->bar));
+}
+
 void
 bar_print(struct swm_region *r, const char *s)
 {
@@ -1360,15 +1481,9 @@ bar_print(struct swm_region *r, const char *s)
        /* clear back buffer */
        gcv[0] = r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR].pixel;
        xcb_change_gc(conn, r->s->bar_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, gcv);
-       xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, r->bar->buffer, r->s->bar_gc,
-           sizeof(rect), &rect);
+       xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, r->bar->buffer, r->s->bar_gc, 1, &rect);
 
        /* draw back buffer */
-       gcv[0] = r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR].pixel;
-       xcb_change_gc(conn, r->s->bar_gc, XCB_GC_BACKGROUND, gcv);
-       gcv[0] = r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR_FONT].pixel;
-       xcb_change_gc(conn, r->s->bar_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, gcv);
-
        draw = XftDrawCreate(display, r->bar->buffer,
            DefaultVisual(display, r->s->idx),
            DefaultColormap(display, r->s->idx));
@@ -1720,7 +1835,10 @@ bar_fmt_print(void)
                                continue;
                        bar_fmt(fmtexp, fmtnew, r, sizeof fmtnew);
                        bar_replace(fmtnew, fmtrep, r, sizeof fmtrep);
-                       bar_print(r, fmtrep);
+                       if (bar_font_legacy)
+                               bar_print_legacy(r, fmtrep);
+                       else
+                               bar_print(r, fmtrep);
                }
        }
 }
@@ -1782,16 +1900,17 @@ bar_toggle(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
                        TAILQ_FOREACH(tmpr, &screens[i].rl, entry)
                                if (tmpr->bar)
-                                       map_window_raised(tmpr->bar->id);
+                                       xcb_map_window(conn, tmpr->bar->id);
        }
 
        bar_enabled = !bar_enabled;
 
        stack();
+
        /* must be after stack */
        bar_update();
 
-       xcb_flush(conn);
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 void
@@ -1843,41 +1962,88 @@ bar_refresh(void)
        bar_update();
 }
 
+int
+isxlfd(char *s)
+{
+       int      count = 0;
+
+       while ((s = index(s, '-'))) {
+               ++count;
+               ++s;
+       }
+
+       return (count == 14);
+}
+
 void
-bar_setup(struct swm_region *r)
+fontset_init()
 {
-       char                    *font, *fontpos;
-       int                     count;
-       xcb_screen_t            *screen = get_screen(r->s->idx);
-       uint32_t                wa[3];
-       XRenderColor            color;
+       char                    *default_string;
+       char                    **missing_charsets;
+       int                     num_missing_charsets = 0;
+       int                     i;
 
-       if (r->bar != NULL)
-               return;
+       if (bar_fs) {
+               XFreeFontSet(display, bar_fs);
+               bar_fs = NULL;
+       }
 
-       if ((r->bar = calloc(1, sizeof(struct swm_bar))) == NULL)
-               err(1, "bar_setup: calloc: failed to allocate memory.");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "fontset_init: loading bar_fonts: %s\n", bar_fonts);
+
+       bar_fs = XCreateFontSet(display, bar_fonts, &missing_charsets,
+           &num_missing_charsets, &default_string);
+
+       if (num_missing_charsets > 0) {
+               warnx("Unable to load charset(s):");
+
+               for (i = 0; i < num_missing_charsets; ++i)
+                       warnx("%s", missing_charsets[i]);
+
+               XFreeStringList(missing_charsets);
+
+               if (strcmp(default_string, ""))
+                       warnx("Glyphs from those sets will be replaced "
+                           "by '%s'.", default_string);
+               else
+                       warnx("Glyphs from those sets won't be drawn.");
+       }
+
+       if (bar_fs == NULL)
+               errx(1, "Error creating font set structure.");
+
+       bar_fs_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(bar_fs);
+
+       bar_height = bar_fs_extents->max_logical_extent.height +
+           2 * bar_border_width;
+
+       if (bar_height < 1)
+               bar_height = 1;
+}
+
+void
+xft_init(struct swm_region *r)
+{
+       char                    *font, *d, *search;
+       XRenderColor            color;
 
        if (bar_font == NULL) {
-               while ((font = strsep(&bar_fonts, ",")) != NULL) {
+               if ((d = strdup(bar_fonts)) == NULL)
+                       errx(1, "insufficient memory.");
+               search = d;
+               while ((font = strsep(&search, ",")) != NULL) {
                        if (*font == '\0')
                                continue;
 
-                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "bar_setup: try font %s\n", font);
-
-                       count = 0;
-                       fontpos = font;
-                       while ((fontpos = index(fontpos, '-'))) {
-                               count++;
-                               fontpos++;
-                       }
+                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "xft_init: try font %s\n", font);
 
-                       if (count == 14)
+                       if (isxlfd(font)) {
                                bar_font = XftFontOpenXlfd(display, r->s->idx,
                                                font);
-                       else
+                       } else {
                                bar_font = XftFontOpenName(display, r->s->idx,
                                                font);
+                       }
+
                        if (!bar_font) {
                                warnx("unable to load font %s", font);
                                continue;
@@ -1887,21 +2053,46 @@ bar_setup(struct swm_region *r)
                                break;
                        }
                }
+               free(d);
        }
 
        if (bar_font == NULL)
                errx(1, "unable to open a font");
 
+       PIXEL_TO_XRENDERCOLOR(r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR_FONT].pixel, color);
+
+       if (!XftColorAllocValue(display, DefaultVisual(display, r->s->idx),
+           DefaultColormap(display, r->s->idx), &color, &bar_font_color))
+               warn("unable to allocate Xft color");
+
        bar_height = bar_font->height + 2 * bar_border_width;
 
        if (bar_height < 1)
                bar_height = 1;
+}
 
-       PIXEL_TO_XRENDERCOLOR(r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR_FONT].pixel, color);
+void
+bar_setup(struct swm_region *r)
+{
+       xcb_screen_t    *screen;
+       uint32_t         wa[3];
 
-       if (!XftColorAllocValue(display, DefaultVisual(display, r->s->idx),
-           DefaultColormap(display, r->s->idx), &color, &bar_font_color))
-               warn("unable to allocate Xft color");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_BAR, "bar_setup: screen %d.\n",
+           r->s->idx);
+
+       if ((screen = get_screen(r->s->idx)) == NULL)
+               errx(1, "ERROR: can't get screen %d.", r->s->idx);
+
+       if (r->bar != NULL)
+               return;
+
+       if ((r->bar = calloc(1, sizeof(struct swm_bar))) == NULL)
+               err(1, "bar_setup: calloc: failed to allocate memory.");
+
+       if (bar_font_legacy)
+               fontset_init();
+       else
+               xft_init(r);
 
        X(r->bar) = X(r);
        Y(r->bar) = bar_at_bottom ? (Y(r) + HEIGHT(r) - bar_height) : Y(r);
@@ -1923,11 +2114,12 @@ bar_setup(struct swm_region *r)
        xcb_create_pixmap(conn, screen->root_depth, r->bar->buffer, r->bar->id,
            WIDTH(r->bar), HEIGHT(r->bar));
 
-       xcb_randr_select_input(conn, r->bar->id,
-           XCB_RANDR_NOTIFY_MASK_OUTPUT_CHANGE);
+       if (xrandr_support)
+               xcb_randr_select_input(conn, r->bar->id,
+                   XCB_RANDR_NOTIFY_MASK_OUTPUT_CHANGE);
 
        if (bar_enabled)
-               map_window_raised(r->bar->id);
+               xcb_map_window(conn, r->bar->id);
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_BAR, "bar_setup: window: 0x%x, (x,y) w x h: (%d,%d) "
            "%d x %d\n", WINID(r->bar), X(r->bar), Y(r->bar), WIDTH(r->bar),
@@ -1954,7 +2146,8 @@ set_win_state(struct ws_win *win, uint16_t state)
 {
        uint16_t                data[2] = { state, XCB_ATOM_NONE };
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "set_win_state: window: 0x%x\n", win->id);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "set_win_state: window: 0x%x, state: %u\n",
+           win->id, state);
 
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
@@ -2003,12 +2196,22 @@ version(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 }
 
 void
-client_msg(struct ws_win *win, xcb_atom_t a)
+client_msg(struct ws_win *win, xcb_atom_t a, xcb_timestamp_t t)
 {
        xcb_client_message_event_t      ev;
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+       char                            *name;
+#endif
 
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+       name = get_atom_name(a);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "client_msg: window: 0x%x, atom: %s(%u), "
+           "time: %#x\n",
+           win->id, name, a, t);
+       free(name);
+#endif
 
        bzero(&ev, sizeof ev);
        ev.response_type = XCB_CLIENT_MESSAGE;
@@ -2016,7 +2219,7 @@ client_msg(struct ws_win *win, xcb_atom_t a)
        ev.type = a_prot;
        ev.format = 32;
        ev.data.data32[0] = a;
-       ev.data.data32[1] = XCB_CURRENT_TIME;
+       ev.data.data32[1] = t;
 
        xcb_send_event(conn, 0, win->id,
            XCB_EVENT_MASK_NO_EVENT, (const char *)&ev);
@@ -2052,12 +2255,13 @@ config_win(struct ws_win *win, xcb_configure_request_event_t *ev)
                ce.window = ev->window;
 
                /* make response appear more WM_SIZE_HINTS-compliant */
-               if (win->sh.flags)
+               if (win->sh.flags) {
                        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "config_win: hints: window: 0x%x,"
                            " sh.flags: %u, min: %d x %d, max: %d x %d, inc: "
                            "%d x %d\n", win->id, win->sh.flags, SH_MIN_W(win),
                            SH_MIN_H(win), SH_MAX_W(win), SH_MAX_H(win),
                            SH_INC_W(win), SH_INC_H(win));
+               }
 
                /* min size */
                if (SH_MIN(win)) {
@@ -2134,22 +2338,42 @@ quit(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 }
 
 void
-unmap_window(struct ws_win *win)
+map_window(struct ws_win *win)
 {
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "unmap_window: window: 0x%x\n", win->id);
+       uint32_t        val = XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE;
 
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
 
-       /* don't unmap again */
-       if (getstate(win->id) == XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC)
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "map_window: win 0x%x, mapped: %s\n", win->id,
+           YESNO(win->mapped));
+
+       xcb_configure_window(conn, win->id,
+           XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE, &val);
+
+       if (win->mapped)
+               return;
+
+       xcb_map_window(conn, win->id);
+       set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_NORMAL);
+       win->mapped = 1;
+}
+
+void
+unmap_window(struct ws_win *win)
+{
+       if (win == NULL)
                return;
 
-       set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "unmap_window: win 0x%x, mapped: %s\n", win->id,
+           YESNO(win->mapped));
+
+       if (!win->mapped)
+               return;
 
        xcb_unmap_window(conn, win->id);
-       xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id,
-           XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL, &win->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel);
+       set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC);
+       win->mapped = 0;
 }
 
 void
@@ -2199,31 +2423,20 @@ fake_keypress(struct ws_win *win, xcb_keysym_t keysym, uint16_t modifiers)
        event.response_type = XCB_KEY_RELEASE;
        xcb_send_event(conn, 1, win->id,
            XCB_EVENT_MASK_KEY_RELEASE, (const char *)&event);
+
+       free(keycode);
 }
 
 void
 restart(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
+       (void)r;
        (void)args;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "restart: %s\n", start_argv[0]);
 
-       /* disable alarm because the following code may not be interrupted */
-       alarm(0);
-       if (signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR)
-               err(1, "can't disable alarm");
-
-       bar_extra_stop();
-       bar_extra = 1;
-       unmap_all();
-
-       XftFontClose(display, bar_font);
-       XftColorFree(display, DefaultVisual(display, r->s->idx),
-           DefaultColormap(display, r->s->idx), &bar_font_color);
-       xcb_key_symbols_free(syms);
-       xcb_flush(conn);
-       xcb_disconnect(conn);
+       shutdown_cleanup();
 
        execvp(start_argv[0], start_argv);
        warn("execvp failed");
@@ -2299,8 +2512,10 @@ find_window(xcb_window_t id)
                return (NULL);
 
        /* if we were looking for the parent return that window instead */
-       if (r->parent == 0 || r->root == r->parent)
+       if (r->parent == 0 || r->root == r->parent) {
+               free(r);
                return (NULL);
+       }
 
        /* look for parent */
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
@@ -2443,16 +2658,23 @@ unfocus_win(struct ws_win *win)
 
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
-       if (win->ws == NULL)
+       if (win->ws == NULL) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "unfocus_win: NULL ws.\n");
                return;
+       }
 
-       if (validate_ws(win->ws))
-               return; /* XXX this gets hit with thunderbird, needs fixing */
+       if (validate_ws(win->ws)) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "unfocus_win: invalid ws.\n");
+               return;
+       }
 
-       if (win->ws->r == NULL)
+       if (win->ws->r == NULL) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "unfocus_win: NULL region.\n");
                return;
+       }
 
        if (validate_win(win)) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "unfocus_win: invalid win.\n");
                kill_refs(win);
                return;
        }
@@ -2471,104 +2693,130 @@ unfocus_win(struct ws_win *win)
                win->ws->focus_prev = NULL;
        }
 
-       grabbuttons(win, 0);
        xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id, XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL,
            &win->ws->r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel);
+
        xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, win->s->root,
            ewmh[_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW].atom, XCB_ATOM_WINDOW, 32, 1, &none);
-}
-
-void
-unfocus_all(void)
-{
-       struct ws_win           *win;
-       int                     i, j, num_screens;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "unfocus_all\n");
-
-       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
-       for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++)
-               for (j = 0; j < workspace_limit; j++)
-                       TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &screens[i].ws[j].winlist, entry)
-                               unfocus_win(win);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "unfocus_win: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
 focus_win(struct ws_win *win)
 {
-       struct ws_win           *cfw = NULL;
+       struct ws_win                   *cfw = NULL;
        xcb_get_input_focus_reply_t     *r;
-       xcb_window_t                    cur_focus = XCB_WINDOW_NONE;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focus_win: window: 0x%x\n", WINID(win));
 
        if (win == NULL)
-               return;
+               goto out;
+
        if (win->ws == NULL)
-               return;
+               goto out;
 
        if (validate_ws(win->ws))
-               return; /* XXX this gets hit with thunderbird, needs fixing */
-
-       if (validate_win(win)) {
-               kill_refs(win);
-               return;
-       }
+               goto out;
 
        if (validate_win(win)) {
                kill_refs(win);
-               return;
+               goto out;
        }
 
        r = xcb_get_input_focus_reply(conn, xcb_get_input_focus(conn), NULL);
        if (r) {
-               cur_focus = r->focus;
+               cfw = find_window(r->focus);
+               if (cfw != win)
+                       unfocus_win(cfw);
                free(r);
        }
-       if ((cfw = find_window(cur_focus)) != NULL)
-               unfocus_win(cfw);
-       else {
-#if 0
-               /* use larger hammer since the window was killed somehow */
-               TAILQ_FOREACH(cfw, &win->ws->winlist, entry)
-                       if (cfw->ws && cfw->ws->r && cfw->ws->r->s)
-                               xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, cfw->id,
-                                   XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL,
-                                   &cfw->ws->r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel);
-#endif
-       }
 
-       win->ws->focus = win;
+       if (win->ws->focus != win) {
+               if (win->ws->focus && win->ws->focus != cfw)
+                       unfocus_win(win->ws->focus);
+               win->ws->focus = win;
+       }
 
-       if (win->ws->r != NULL) {
-               if (win->java == 0)
+       if (cfw != win && win->ws->r != NULL) {
+               /* Set input focus if no input hint, or indicated by hint. */
+               if (!(win->hints.flags & XCB_ICCCM_WM_HINT_INPUT) ||
+                   (win->hints.flags & XCB_ICCCM_WM_HINT_INPUT &&
+                    win->hints.input))
                        xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT,
-                           win->id, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
-               grabbuttons(win, 1);
-               xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id,
-                   XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL,
+                                       win->id, last_event_time);
+
+               /* Tell app it can adjust focus to a specific window. */
+               if (win->take_focus) {
+                       /* java is special; always tell parent */
+                       if (win->transient && win->java)
+                               client_msg(find_window(win->transient),
+                                   a_takefocus, last_event_time);
+                       else
+                               client_msg(win, a_takefocus, last_event_time);
+               }
+
+               xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id, XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL,
                    &win->ws->r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_FOCUS].pixel);
+
                if (win->ws->cur_layout->flags & SWM_L_MAPONFOCUS ||
                    win->ws->always_raise)
-                       map_window_raised(win->id);
+                       map_window(win);
 
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, win->s->root,
                    ewmh[_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW].atom, XCB_ATOM_WINDOW, 32, 1,
                    &win->id);
        }
 
+out:
        bar_update();
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focus_win: done.\n");
 }
 
-void
-event_drain(uint8_t rt)
+/* If a child window should have focus instead, return it. */
+struct ws_win *
+get_focus_magic(struct ws_win *win)
 {
-       xcb_generic_event_t     *evt;
+       struct ws_win   *parent = NULL;
 
-       xcb_flush(conn);
-       while ((evt = xcb_poll_for_event(conn))) {
-               if (XCB_EVENT_RESPONSE_TYPE(evt) != rt)
-                       event_handle(evt);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "get_focus_magic: window: 0x%x\n", WINID(win));
+       if (win == NULL)
+               return win;
+
+       if (win->transient) {
+               parent = find_window(win->transient);
+
+               /* If parent prefers focus elsewhere, then do so. */
+               if (parent && parent->focus_child) {
+                       if (validate_win(parent->focus_child) == 0)
+                               win = parent->focus_child;
+                       else
+                               parent->focus_child = NULL;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* If this window prefers focus elsewhere, then do so. */
+       if (win->focus_child) {
+               if (validate_win(win->focus_child) == 0)
+                       win = win->focus_child;
+               else
+                       win->focus_child = NULL;
+       }
+
+       return win;
+}
+
+void
+event_drain(uint8_t rt)
+{
+       xcb_generic_event_t     *evt;
+
+       /* ensure all pending requests have been processed before filtering. */
+       xcb_aux_sync(conn);
+       while ((evt = xcb_poll_for_event(conn))) {
+               if (XCB_EVENT_RESPONSE_TYPE(evt) != rt)
+                       event_handle(evt);
 
                free(evt);
        }
@@ -2581,7 +2829,6 @@ switchws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        struct swm_region       *this_r, *other_r;
        struct ws_win           *win;
        struct workspace        *new_ws, *old_ws;
-       union arg               a;
 
        if (!(r && r->s))
                return;
@@ -2601,6 +2848,8 @@ switchws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        if (new_ws == old_ws)
                return;
 
+       unfocus_win(old_ws->focus);
+
        other_r = new_ws->r;
        if (other_r == NULL) {
                /* the other workspace is hidden, hide this one */
@@ -2616,24 +2865,27 @@ switchws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        this_r->ws = new_ws;
        new_ws->r = this_r;
 
-       /* this is needed so that we can click on a window after a restart */
-       unfocus_all();
-
        stack();
-       a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-       focus(new_ws->r, &a);
 
        /* unmap old windows */
        if (unmap_old)
                TAILQ_FOREACH(win, &old_ws->winlist, entry)
                        unmap_window(win);
 
-       if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT)
-               event_drain(XCB_ENTER_NOTIFY);
-       else
-               xcb_flush(conn);
+       new_ws->focus_pending = get_region_focus(new_ws->r);
+
+       if (new_ws->focus_pending) {
+               /* if workspaces were swapped, then don't wait to set focus */
+               if (old_ws->r)
+                       focus_win(new_ws->focus);
+       } else {
+               /* make sure bar gets updated if ws is empty */
+               bar_update();
+       }
+
+       focus_flush();
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_WS, "switchws: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_WS, "switchws: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -2686,6 +2938,8 @@ priorws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
        union arg               a;
 
+       (void)args;
+
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_WS, "priorws: id: %d, screen[%d]:%dx%d+%d+%d, ws: %d\n",
            args->id, r->s->idx, WIDTH(r), HEIGHT(r), X(r), Y(r), r->ws->idx);
 
@@ -2700,7 +2954,6 @@ void
 cyclescr(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
        struct swm_region       *rr = NULL;
-       union arg               a;
        int                     i, x, y, num_screens;
 
        num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
@@ -2732,8 +2985,7 @@ cyclescr(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        xcb_warp_pointer(conn, XCB_WINDOW_NONE, rr->s[i].root, 0, 0, 0, 0,
            x, y);
 
-       a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-       focus(rr, &a);
+       rr->ws->focus = get_region_focus(rr);
 
        if (rr->ws->focus) {
                /* move to focus window */
@@ -2742,6 +2994,8 @@ cyclescr(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                xcb_warp_pointer(conn, XCB_WINDOW_NONE, rr->s[i].root, 0, 0, 0,
                    0, x, y);
        }
+
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 void
@@ -2774,7 +3028,6 @@ swapwin(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        struct ws_win           *cur_focus;
        struct ws_win_list      *wl;
 
-
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_WS, "swapwin: id: %d, screen[%d]:%dx%d+%d+%d, ws: %d\n",
            args->id, r->s->idx, WIDTH(r), HEIGHT(r), X(r), Y(r), r->ws->idx);
 
@@ -2839,11 +3092,11 @@ swapwin(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 
        stack();
 
-       xcb_flush(conn);
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
-void
-focus_prev(struct ws_win *win)
+struct ws_win *
+get_focus_prev(struct ws_win *win)
 {
        struct ws_win           *winfocus = NULL;
        struct ws_win           *cur_focus = NULL;
@@ -2851,13 +3104,13 @@ focus_prev(struct ws_win *win)
        struct workspace        *ws = NULL;
 
        if (!(win && win->ws))
-               return;
+               return NULL;
 
        ws = win->ws;
        wl = &ws->winlist;
        cur_focus = ws->focus;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focus_prev: window: 0x%x, cur_focus: 0x%x\n",
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "get_focus_prev: window: 0x%x, cur_focus: 0x%x\n",
            WINID(win), WINID(cur_focus));
 
        /* pickle, just focus on whatever */
@@ -2886,7 +3139,7 @@ focus_prev(struct ws_win *win)
                        goto done;
        }
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focus_prev: focus_close: %d\n", focus_close);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "get_focus_prev: focus_close: %d\n", focus_close);
 
        if (winfocus == NULL || winfocus == win) {
                switch (focus_close) {
@@ -2925,14 +3178,34 @@ done:
        }
 
        kill_refs(win);
-       focus_magic(winfocus);
+
+       return get_focus_magic(winfocus);
+}
+
+struct ws_win *
+get_region_focus(struct swm_region *r)
+{
+       struct ws_win           *winfocus = NULL;
+
+       if (!(r && r->ws))
+               return NULL;
+
+       if (r->ws->focus && !r->ws->focus->iconic)
+               winfocus = r->ws->focus;
+       else if (r->ws->focus_prev && !r->ws->focus_prev->iconic)
+               winfocus = r->ws->focus_prev;
+       else
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(winfocus, &r->ws->winlist, entry)
+                       if (!winfocus->iconic)
+                               break;
+
+       return get_focus_magic(winfocus);
 }
 
 void
 focus(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
-       struct ws_win           *winfocus = NULL, *head;
-       struct ws_win           *cur_focus = NULL;
+       struct ws_win           *head, *cur_focus = NULL, *winfocus = NULL;
        struct ws_win_list      *wl = NULL;
        struct workspace        *ws = NULL;
        int                     all_iconics;
@@ -2942,21 +3215,6 @@ focus(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focus: id: %d\n", args->id);
 
-       /* treat FOCUS_CUR special */
-       if (args->id == SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR) {
-               if (r->ws->focus && r->ws->focus->iconic == 0)
-                       winfocus = r->ws->focus;
-               else if (r->ws->focus_prev && r->ws->focus_prev->iconic == 0)
-                       winfocus = r->ws->focus_prev;
-               else
-                       TAILQ_FOREACH(winfocus, &r->ws->winlist, entry)
-                               if (winfocus->iconic == 0)
-                                       break;
-
-               focus_magic(winfocus);
-               return;
-       }
-
        if ((cur_focus = r->ws->focus) == NULL)
                return;
        ws = r->ws;
@@ -3027,7 +3285,7 @@ focus(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                return;
        }
 
-       focus_magic(winfocus);
+       focus_win(get_focus_magic(winfocus));
 
        xcb_flush(conn);
 }
@@ -3036,7 +3294,6 @@ void
 cycle_layout(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
        struct workspace        *ws = r->ws;
-       union arg               a;
 
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
        (void)args;
@@ -3050,11 +3307,9 @@ cycle_layout(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        stack();
        bar_update();
 
-       if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT)
-               event_drain(XCB_ENTER_NOTIFY);
+       focus_win(get_region_focus(r));
 
-       a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-       focus(r, &a);
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 void
@@ -3071,6 +3326,8 @@ stack_config(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        if (args->id != SWM_ARG_ID_STACKINIT)
                stack();
        bar_update();
+
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 void
@@ -3111,15 +3368,15 @@ stack(void) {
        if (font_adjusted)
                font_adjusted--;
 
-       if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT)
-               event_drain(XCB_ENTER_NOTIFY);
-
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_STACK, "stack: end\n");
 }
 
 void
 store_float_geom(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
 {
+       if (win == NULL || r == NULL)
+               return;
+
        /* retain window geom and region geom */
        win->g_float = win->g;
        win->g_float.x -= X(r);
@@ -3131,6 +3388,25 @@ store_float_geom(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
            win->g_float.w, win->g_float.h);
 }
 
+void
+load_float_geom(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
+{
+       if (win == NULL || r == NULL)
+               return;
+
+       if (win->g_floatvalid) {
+               win->g = win->g_float;
+               X(win) += X(r);
+               Y(win) += Y(r);
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "load_float_geom: window: 0x%x, g: (%d,%d)"
+                   "%d x %d\n", win->id, X(win), Y(win), WIDTH(win),
+                   HEIGHT(win));
+       } else {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "load_float_geom: window: 0x%x, g_float "
+                   "is not set.\n", win->id);
+       }
+}
+
 void
 stack_floater(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
 {
@@ -3143,12 +3419,10 @@ stack_floater(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
         * to allow windows to change their size (e.g. mplayer fs) only retrieve
         * geom on ws switches or return from max mode
         */
-       if (win->g_floatvalid && (win->floatmaxed || (r != r->ws->old_r &&
-           !(win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN)))) {
-               /* refloat at last floating relative position */
-               win->g = win->g_float;
-               X(win) += X(r);
-               Y(win) += Y(r);
+       if (win->floatmaxed || (r != r->ws->old_r &&
+           !(win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN))) {
+               /* update geometry for the new region */
+               load_float_geom(win, r);
        }
 
        win->floatmaxed = 0;
@@ -3160,7 +3434,7 @@ stack_floater(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
                if (!win->g_floatvalid)
                        store_float_geom(win, win->ws->r);
 
-               win->g = win->ws->r->g;
+               win->g = r->g;
        }
 
        /*
@@ -3186,13 +3460,16 @@ stack_floater(struct ws_win *win, struct swm_region *r)
                HEIGHT(win) = (double)HEIGHT(r) * dialog_ratio;
        }
 
-       if (!win->manual) {
+       if (!win->manual && !(win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN) &&
+           !(win->quirks & SWM_Q_ANYWHERE)) {
                /*
-                * floaters and transients are auto-centred unless moved
-                * or resized
+                * floaters and transients are auto-centred unless moved,
+                * resized or ANYWHERE quirk is set.
                 */
                X(win) = X(r) + (WIDTH(r) - WIDTH(win)) /  2 - BORDER(win);
                Y(win) = Y(r) + (HEIGHT(r) - HEIGHT(win)) / 2 - BORDER(win);
+
+               store_float_geom(win, r);
        }
 
        /* keep window within region bounds */
@@ -3220,13 +3497,13 @@ adjust_font(struct ws_win *win)
                win->font_steps++;
                font_adjusted++;
                win->last_inc = win->sh.width_inc;
-               fake_keypress(win, XK_KP_Subtract, ShiftMask);
+               fake_keypress(win, XK_KP_Subtract, XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT);
        } else if (win->font_steps && win->last_inc != win->sh.width_inc &&
            WIDTH(win) > win->font_size_boundary[win->font_steps - 1]) {
                win->font_steps--;
                font_adjusted++;
                win->last_inc = win->sh.width_inc;
-               fake_keypress(win, XK_KP_Add, ShiftMask);
+               fake_keypress(win, XK_KP_Add, XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT);
        }
 }
 
@@ -3244,9 +3521,8 @@ stack_master(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g, int rot, int flip)
        int                     w_inc = 1, h_inc, w_base = 1, h_base;
        int                     hrh, extra = 0, h_slice, last_h = 0;
        int                     split, colno, winno, mwin, msize, mscale;
-       int                     remain, missing, v_slice, reconfigure;
+       int                     remain, missing, v_slice, reconfigure = 0;
        int                     bordered = 1;
-       xcb_get_window_attributes_reply_t *war;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_STACK, "stack_master: workspace: %d, rot: %s, "
            "flip: %s\n", ws->idx, YESNO(rot), YESNO(flip));
@@ -3409,14 +3685,7 @@ stack_master(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g, int rot, int flip)
                        update_window(win);
                }
 
-               war = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn,
-                       xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, win->id),
-                       NULL);
-               if (war) {
-                       if (war->map_state == XCB_MAP_STATE_UNMAPPED)
-                               map_window_raised(win->id);
-                       free(war);
-               }
+               map_window(win);
 
                last_h = win_g.h;
                i++;
@@ -3436,12 +3705,12 @@ notiles:
                }
 
                stack_floater(win, ws->r);
-               map_window_raised(win->id);
+               map_window(win);
        }
 
        if (fs_win) {
                stack_floater(fs_win, ws->r);
-               map_window_raised(fs_win->id);
+               map_window(fs_win);
        }
 }
 
@@ -3603,9 +3872,9 @@ max_stack(struct workspace *ws, struct swm_geometry *g)
        /* put the last transient on top */
        if (wintrans) {
                if (parent)
-                       map_window_raised(parent->id);
+                       map_window(parent);
                stack_floater(wintrans, ws->r);
-               focus_magic(wintrans);
+               ws->focus = get_focus_magic(wintrans);
        }
 }
 
@@ -3665,7 +3934,7 @@ send_to_ws(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        stack();
        bar_update();
 
-       xcb_flush(conn);
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 void
@@ -3695,26 +3964,19 @@ raise_toggle(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        if (r->ws->always_raise == 0)
                stack();
 
-       xcb_flush(conn);
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 void
 iconify(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
-       union arg a;
-
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
        (void)args;
 
        if (r->ws->focus == NULL)
                return;
-       unmap_window(r->ws->focus);
-       update_iconic(r->ws->focus, 1);
-       stack();
 
-       r->ws->focus = NULL;
-       a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-       focus(r, &a);
+       update_iconic(r->ws->focus, 1);
 
        xcb_flush(conn);
 }
@@ -3724,23 +3986,32 @@ get_win_name(xcb_window_t win)
 {
        char                            *name = NULL;
        xcb_get_property_cookie_t       c;
-       xcb_icccm_get_text_property_reply_t     r;
-
-       c = xcb_icccm_get_wm_name(conn, win);
-       if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_name_reply(conn, c, &r, NULL)) {
-               if (r.name_len > 0) {
-                       name = malloc(r.name_len + 1);
-                       if (!name) {
-                               xcb_icccm_get_text_property_reply_wipe(&r);
-                               return (NULL);
-                       }
-                       memcpy(name, r.name, r.name_len);
-                       name[r.name_len] = '\0';
+       xcb_get_property_reply_t        *r;
+
+       /* First try _NET_WM_NAME for UTF-8. */
+       c = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win, a_netwmname,
+           XCB_GET_PROPERTY_TYPE_ANY, 0, UINT_MAX);
+       r = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, c, NULL);
+
+       if (!r || r->type == XCB_NONE) {
+               free(r);
+               /* Use WM_NAME instead; no UTF-8. */
+               c = xcb_get_property(conn, 0, win, XCB_ATOM_WM_NAME,
+                   XCB_GET_PROPERTY_TYPE_ANY, 0, UINT_MAX);
+               r = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, c, NULL);
+
+               if(!r || r->type == XCB_NONE) {
+                       free(r);
+                       return NULL;
                }
-               xcb_icccm_get_text_property_reply_wipe(&r);
        }
 
-       return (name);
+       if (r->length > 0)
+               name = strndup(xcb_get_property_value(r),
+                   xcb_get_property_value_length(r));
+
+       free(r);
+       return name;
 }
 
 void
@@ -3789,8 +4060,6 @@ uniconify(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        }
 
        fclose(lfile);
-
-       xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
 void
@@ -3853,7 +4122,6 @@ search_win_cleanup(void)
 
        while ((sw = TAILQ_FIRST(&search_wl)) != NULL) {
                xcb_destroy_window(conn, sw->indicator);
-               xcb_free_gc(conn, sw->gc);
                TAILQ_REMOVE(&search_wl, sw, entry);
                free(sw);
        }
@@ -3865,13 +4133,16 @@ search_win(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        struct ws_win           *win = NULL;
        struct search_window    *sw = NULL;
        xcb_window_t            w;
-       uint32_t                gcv[3], wa[2];
-       int                     i;
+       uint32_t                wa[2];
+       int                     i, width, height;
        char                    s[8];
        FILE                    *lfile;
        size_t                  len;
        XftDraw                 *draw;
        XGlyphInfo              info;
+       GC                      l_draw;
+       XGCValues               l_gcv;
+       XRectangle              l_ibox, l_lbox;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "search_win\n");
 
@@ -3903,36 +4174,55 @@ search_win(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                snprintf(s, sizeof s, "%d", i);
                len = strlen(s);
 
-               XftTextExtentsUtf8(display, bar_font, (FcChar8 *)s, len, &info);
-
                w = xcb_generate_id(conn);
                wa[0] = r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_FOCUS].pixel;
                wa[1] = r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel;
+
+               if (bar_font_legacy) {
+                       XmbTextExtents(bar_fs, s, len, &l_ibox, &l_lbox);
+                       width = l_lbox.width + 4;
+                       height = bar_fs_extents->max_logical_extent.height + 4;
+               } else {
+                       XftTextExtentsUtf8(display, bar_font, (FcChar8 *)s, len,
+                           &info);
+                       width = info.width + 4;
+                       height = bar_font->height + 4;
+               }
+
                xcb_create_window(conn, XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT, w, win->id, 0, 0,
-                   info.width + 4, bar_font->height + 4,
-                   1, XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT, XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT,
-                   XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL | XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL, wa);
+                   width, height, 1, XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT,
+                   XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT, XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL |
+                   XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL, wa);
+
+               xcb_map_window(conn, w);
 
                sw->indicator = w;
                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&search_wl, sw, entry);
 
-               sw->gc = xcb_generate_id(conn);
-               gcv[0] = r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR].pixel;
-               gcv[1] = r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_FOCUS].pixel;
-               gcv[2] = 0;
-               xcb_create_gc(conn, sw->gc, w, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND |
-                   XCB_GC_BACKGROUND | XCB_GC_GRAPHICS_EXPOSURES, gcv);
-               map_window_raised(w);
+               if (bar_font_legacy) {
+                       l_gcv.graphics_exposures = 0;
+                       l_draw = XCreateGC(display, w, 0, &l_gcv);
 
-               draw = XftDrawCreate(display, w,
-                   DefaultVisual(display, r->s->idx),
-                   DefaultColormap(display, r->s->idx));
+                       XSetForeground(display, l_draw,
+                               r->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_BAR].pixel);
 
-               XftDrawStringUtf8(draw, &bar_font_color, bar_font, 2,
-                   (HEIGHT(r->bar) + bar_font->height) / 2 - bar_font->descent,
-                   (FcChar8 *)s, len);
+                       DRAWSTRING(display, w, bar_fs, l_draw, 2,
+                           (bar_fs_extents->max_logical_extent.height -
+                           l_lbox.height) / 2 - l_lbox.y, s, len);
 
-               XftDrawDestroy(draw);
+                       XFreeGC(display, l_draw);
+               } else {
+
+                       draw = XftDrawCreate(display, w,
+                           DefaultVisual(display, r->s->idx),
+                           DefaultColormap(display, r->s->idx));
+
+                       XftDrawStringUtf8(draw, &bar_font_color, bar_font, 2,
+                           (HEIGHT(r->bar) + bar_font->height) / 2 -
+                           bar_font->descent, (FcChar8 *)s, len);
+
+                       XftDrawDestroy(draw);
+               }
 
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "search_win: mapped window: 0x%x\n", w);
 
@@ -3968,6 +4258,7 @@ search_resp_uniconify(char *resp, unsigned long len)
                if (strncmp(s, resp, len) == 0) {
                        /* XXX this should be a callback to generalize */
                        update_iconic(win, 0);
+                       xcb_flush(conn);
                        free(s);
                        break;
                }
@@ -4120,6 +4411,8 @@ done:
        search_resp_action = SWM_SEARCH_NONE;
        close(select_resp_pipe[0]);
        free(resp);
+
+       xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
 void
@@ -4134,12 +4427,11 @@ wkill(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
                xcb_kill_client(conn, r->ws->focus->id);
        else
                if (r->ws->focus->can_delete)
-                       client_msg(r->ws->focus, a_delete);
+                       client_msg(r->ws->focus, a_delete, 0);
 
        xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
-
 int
 floating_toggle_win(struct ws_win *win)
 {
@@ -4164,13 +4456,7 @@ floating_toggle_win(struct ws_win *win)
                }
                win->floating = 0;
        } else {
-               if (win->g_floatvalid) {
-                       /* refloat at last floating relative position */
-                       X(win) = win->g_float.x + X(r);
-                       Y(win) = win->g_float.y + Y(r);
-                       WIDTH(win) = win->g_float.w;
-                       HEIGHT(win) = win->g_float.h;
-               }
+               load_float_geom(win, r);
                win->floating = 1;
        }
 
@@ -4183,7 +4469,6 @@ void
 floating_toggle(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
 {
        struct ws_win           *win = r->ws->focus;
-       union arg               a;
 
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
        (void)args;
@@ -4191,18 +4476,18 @@ floating_toggle(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
 
+       if (win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN)
+               return;
+
        ewmh_update_win_state(win, ewmh[_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE].atom,
            _NET_WM_STATE_TOGGLE);
 
        stack();
 
-       if (win == win->ws->focus) {
-               a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-               focus(win->ws->r, &a);
-       }
+       if (win == win->ws->focus)
+               focus_win(win);
 
-       xcb_flush(conn);
-       event_drain(XCB_ENTER_NOTIFY);
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
 void
@@ -4280,8 +4565,6 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
        unsigned int            shape; /* cursor style */
        xcb_cursor_t            cursor;
        xcb_font_t              cursor_font;
-       xcb_grab_pointer_cookie_t       gpc;
-       xcb_grab_pointer_reply_t        *gpr;
        xcb_query_pointer_reply_t       *xpr;
        xcb_generic_event_t             *evt;
        xcb_motion_notify_event_t       *mne;
@@ -4310,6 +4593,8 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
 
        stack();
 
+       focus_flush();
+
        switch (args->id) {
        case SWM_ARG_ID_WIDTHSHRINK:
                WIDTH(win) -= SWM_RESIZE_STEPS;
@@ -4365,16 +4650,9 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
        xcb_create_glyph_cursor(conn, cursor, cursor_font, cursor_font,
            shape, shape + 1, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff);
 
-       gpc = xcb_grab_pointer(conn, 0, win->id, MOUSEMASK,
+       xcb_grab_pointer(conn, 0, win->id, MOUSEMASK,
            XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_WINDOW_NONE, cursor,
            XCB_CURRENT_TIME),
-       gpr = xcb_grab_pointer_reply(conn, gpc, NULL);
-       if (!gpr) {
-               xcb_free_cursor(conn, cursor);
-               xcb_close_font(conn, cursor_font);
-               free(xpr);
-               return;
-       }
 
        xcb_flush(conn);
        resizing = 1;
@@ -4435,8 +4713,8 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                        /* not free, don't sync more than 120 times / second */
                        if ((mne->time - timestamp) > (1000 / 120) ) {
                                timestamp = mne->time;
-                               do_sync();
                                update_window(win);
+                               xcb_flush(conn);
                        }
                        break;
                default:
@@ -4446,17 +4724,16 @@ resize(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                free(evt);
        }
        if (timestamp) {
-               do_sync();
                update_window(win);
+               xcb_flush(conn);
        }
        store_float_geom(win,r);
 
        xcb_ungrab_pointer(conn, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
        xcb_free_cursor(conn, cursor);
        xcb_close_font(conn, cursor_font);
-       free(gpr);
        free(xpr);
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "resize: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "resize: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -4482,8 +4759,6 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
        struct swm_region       *r = NULL;
        xcb_font_t                      cursor_font;
        xcb_cursor_t                    cursor;
-       xcb_grab_pointer_cookie_t       gpc;
-       xcb_grab_pointer_reply_t        *gpr;
        xcb_query_pointer_reply_t       *qpr;
        xcb_generic_event_t             *evt;
        xcb_motion_notify_event_t       *mne;
@@ -4513,6 +4788,8 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
 
        stack();
 
+       focus_flush();
+
        move_step = 0;
        switch (args->id) {
        case SWM_ARG_ID_MOVELEFT:
@@ -4548,15 +4825,9 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
        xcb_create_glyph_cursor(conn, cursor, cursor_font, cursor_font,
                XC_fleur, XC_fleur + 1, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff);
 
-       gpc = xcb_grab_pointer(conn, 0, win->id, MOUSEMASK,
+       xcb_grab_pointer(conn, 0, win->id, MOUSEMASK,
            XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC,
            XCB_WINDOW_NONE, cursor, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
-       gpr = xcb_grab_pointer_reply(conn, gpc, NULL);
-       if (!gpr) {
-               xcb_free_cursor(conn, cursor);
-               xcb_close_font(conn, cursor_font);
-               return;
-       }
 
        /* get cursor offset from window root */
        qpr = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, xcb_query_pointer(conn, win->id),
@@ -4586,8 +4857,8 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                        /* not free, don't sync more than 120 times / second */
                        if ((mne->time - timestamp) > (1000 / 120) ) {
                                timestamp = mne->time;
-                               do_sync();
                                update_window(win);
+                               xcb_flush(conn);
                        }
                        break;
                default:
@@ -4597,15 +4868,15 @@ move(struct ws_win *win, union arg *args)
                free(evt);
        }
        if (timestamp) {
-               do_sync();
                update_window(win);
+               xcb_flush(conn);
        }
        store_float_geom(win, r);
        free(qpr);
        xcb_free_cursor(conn, cursor);
        xcb_close_font(conn, cursor_font);
        xcb_ungrab_pointer(conn, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "move: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "move: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -4624,7 +4895,6 @@ move_step(struct swm_region *r, union arg *args)
        move(win, args);
 }
 
-
 /* user/key callable function IDs */
 enum keyfuncid {
        KF_BAR_TOGGLE,
@@ -4856,10 +5126,12 @@ struct button {
        void                    (*func)(struct ws_win *, union arg *);
        union arg               args;
 } buttons[] = {
+#define MODKEY_SHIFT   MODKEY | XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT
          /* action     key             mouse button    func    args */
-       { client_click, MODKEY,         Button3,        resize, {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_DONTCENTER} },
-       { client_click, MODKEY | ShiftMask, Button3,    resize, {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_CENTER} },
-       { client_click, MODKEY,         Button1,        move,   {0} },
+       { client_click, MODKEY,         XCB_BUTTON_INDEX_3,     resize, {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_DONTCENTER} },
+       { client_click, MODKEY_SHIFT,   XCB_BUTTON_INDEX_3,     resize, {.id = SWM_ARG_ID_CENTER} },
+       { client_click, MODKEY,         XCB_BUTTON_INDEX_1,     move,   {0} },
+#undef MODKEY_SHIFT
 };
 
 void
@@ -4870,14 +5142,14 @@ update_modkey(unsigned int mod)
 
        mod_key = mod;
        RB_FOREACH(kp, key_tree, &keys)
-               if (kp->mod & ShiftMask)
-                       kp->mod = mod | ShiftMask;
+               if (kp->mod & XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT)
+                       kp->mod = mod | XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT;
                else
                        kp->mod = mod;
 
        for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
-               if (buttons[i].mask & ShiftMask)
-                       buttons[i].mask = mod | ShiftMask;
+               if (buttons[i].mask & XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT)
+                       buttons[i].mask = mod | XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT;
                else
                        buttons[i].mask = mod;
 }
@@ -5125,14 +5397,19 @@ setspawn(char *name, char *args)
 int
 setconfspawn(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 {
+       char *args;
+
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
        (void)flags;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "setconfspawn: [%s] [%s]\n", selector, value);
+       args = expand_tilde(value);
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "setconfspawn: [%s] [%s]\n", selector, args);
 
-       setspawn(selector, value);
+       setspawn(selector, args);
+       free(args);
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "setconfspawn: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_SPAWN, "setconfspawn: done.\n");
        return (0);
 }
 
@@ -5194,17 +5471,17 @@ parsekeys(char *keystr, unsigned int currmod, unsigned int *mod, KeySym *ks)
                if (strncasecmp(name, "MOD", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE) == 0)
                        *mod |= currmod;
                else if (!strncasecmp(name, "Mod1", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE))
-                       *mod |= Mod1Mask;
+                       *mod |= XCB_MOD_MASK_1;
                else if (!strncasecmp(name, "Mod2", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE))
-                       *mod += Mod2Mask;
+                       *mod += XCB_MOD_MASK_2;
                else if (!strncmp(name, "Mod3", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE))
-                       *mod |= Mod3Mask;
+                       *mod |= XCB_MOD_MASK_3;
                else if (!strncmp(name, "Mod4", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE))
-                       *mod |= Mod4Mask;
+                       *mod |= XCB_MOD_MASK_4;
                else if (strncasecmp(name, "SHIFT", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE) == 0)
-                       *mod |= ShiftMask;
+                       *mod |= XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT;
                else if (strncasecmp(name, "CONTROL", SWM_MODNAME_SIZE) == 0)
-                       *mod |= ControlMask;
+                       *mod |= XCB_MOD_MASK_CONTROL;
                else {
                        *ks = XStringToKeysym(name);
                        XConvertCase(*ks, ks, &uks);
@@ -5366,23 +5643,24 @@ setconfbinding(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 void
 setup_keys(void)
 {
+#define MODKEY_SHIFT   MODKEY | XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_space,       KF_CYCLE_LAYOUT,NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_backslash,   KF_FLIP_LAYOUT, NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_space,       KF_STACK_RESET, NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_backslash,   KF_FLIP_LAYOUT, NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_space,       KF_STACK_RESET, NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_h,           KF_MASTER_SHRINK, NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_l,           KF_MASTER_GROW, NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_comma,       KF_MASTER_ADD,  NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_period,      KF_MASTER_DEL,  NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_comma,       KF_STACK_INC,   NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_period,      KF_STACK_DEC,   NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_comma,       KF_STACK_INC,   NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_period,      KF_STACK_DEC,   NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_Return,      KF_SWAP_MAIN,   NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_j,           KF_FOCUS_NEXT,  NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_k,           KF_FOCUS_PREV,  NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_j,           KF_SWAP_NEXT,   NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_k,           KF_SWAP_PREV,   NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_Return,      KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,"term");
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_j,           KF_SWAP_NEXT,   NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_k,           KF_SWAP_PREV,   NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_Return,      KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,"term");
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_p,           KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,"menu");
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_q,           KF_QUIT,        NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_q,           KF_QUIT,        NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_q,           KF_RESTART,     NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_m,           KF_FOCUS_MAIN,  NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_1,           KF_WS_1,        NULL);
@@ -5412,59 +5690,60 @@ setup_keys(void)
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_Up,          KF_WS_NEXT_ALL, NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_Down,        KF_WS_PREV_ALL, NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_a,           KF_WS_PRIOR,    NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_Right,       KF_SCREEN_NEXT, NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_Left,        KF_SCREEN_PREV, NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_1,           KF_MVWS_1,      NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_2,           KF_MVWS_2,      NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_3,           KF_MVWS_3,      NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_4,           KF_MVWS_4,      NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_5,           KF_MVWS_5,      NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_6,           KF_MVWS_6,      NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_7,           KF_MVWS_7,      NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_8,           KF_MVWS_8,      NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_9,           KF_MVWS_9,      NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_0,           KF_MVWS_10,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F1,          KF_MVWS_11,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F2,          KF_MVWS_12,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F3,          KF_MVWS_13,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F4,          KF_MVWS_14,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F5,          KF_MVWS_15,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F6,          KF_MVWS_16,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F7,          KF_MVWS_17,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F8,          KF_MVWS_18,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F9,          KF_MVWS_19,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F10,         KF_MVWS_20,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F11,         KF_MVWS_21,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_F12,         KF_MVWS_22,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_Right,       KF_SCREEN_NEXT, NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_Left,        KF_SCREEN_PREV, NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_1,           KF_MVWS_1,      NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_2,           KF_MVWS_2,      NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_3,           KF_MVWS_3,      NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_4,           KF_MVWS_4,      NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_5,           KF_MVWS_5,      NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_6,           KF_MVWS_6,      NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_7,           KF_MVWS_7,      NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_8,           KF_MVWS_8,      NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_9,           KF_MVWS_9,      NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_0,           KF_MVWS_10,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F1,          KF_MVWS_11,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F2,          KF_MVWS_12,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F3,          KF_MVWS_13,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F4,          KF_MVWS_14,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F5,          KF_MVWS_15,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F6,          KF_MVWS_16,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F7,          KF_MVWS_17,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F8,          KF_MVWS_18,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F9,          KF_MVWS_19,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F10,         KF_MVWS_20,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F11,         KF_MVWS_21,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_F12,         KF_MVWS_22,     NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_b,           KF_BAR_TOGGLE,  NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_Tab,         KF_FOCUS_NEXT,  NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_Tab,         KF_FOCUS_PREV,  NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_x,           KF_WIND_KILL,   NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_Tab,         KF_FOCUS_PREV,  NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_x,           KF_WIND_KILL,   NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_x,           KF_WIND_DEL,    NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_s,           KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,"screenshot_all");
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_s,           KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,"screenshot_wind");
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_s,           KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,"screenshot_wind");
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_t,           KF_FLOAT_TOGGLE,NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_v,           KF_VERSION,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_Delete,      KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,"lock");
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_i,           KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,"initscr");
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_v,           KF_VERSION,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_Delete,      KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,"lock");
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_i,           KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM,"initscr");
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_w,           KF_ICONIFY,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_w,           KF_UNICONIFY,   NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_r,           KF_RAISE_TOGGLE,NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_w,           KF_UNICONIFY,   NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_r,           KF_RAISE_TOGGLE,NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_v,           KF_BUTTON2,     NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_equal,       KF_WIDTH_GROW,  NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_minus,       KF_WIDTH_SHRINK,NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_equal,       KF_HEIGHT_GROW,NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_minus,       KF_HEIGHT_SHRINK,NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_equal,       KF_HEIGHT_GROW,NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_minus,       KF_HEIGHT_SHRINK,NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_bracketleft, KF_MOVE_LEFT,NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_bracketright,KF_MOVE_RIGHT,NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_bracketleft, KF_MOVE_UP,     NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_bracketright,KF_MOVE_DOWN,NULL);
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_slash,       KF_NAME_WORKSPACE,NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_bracketleft, KF_MOVE_UP,     NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_bracketright,KF_MOVE_DOWN,NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_slash,       KF_NAME_WORKSPACE,NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_slash,       KF_SEARCH_WORKSPACE,NULL);
        setkeybinding(MODKEY,           XK_f,           KF_SEARCH_WIN,  NULL);
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
-       setkeybinding(MODKEY|ShiftMask, XK_d,           KF_DUMPWINS,    NULL);
+       setkeybinding(MODKEY_SHIFT,     XK_d,           KF_DUMPWINS,    NULL);
 #endif
+#undef MODKEY_SHIFT
 }
 
 void
@@ -5508,9 +5787,8 @@ updatenumlockmask(void)
 {
        unsigned int                            i, j;
        xcb_get_modifier_mapping_reply_t        *modmap_r;
-       xcb_keycode_t                           *modmap, kc;
+       xcb_keycode_t                           *modmap, kc, *keycode;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "updatenumlockmask\n");
        numlockmask = 0;
 
        modmap_r = xcb_get_modifier_mapping_reply(conn,
@@ -5522,29 +5800,33 @@ updatenumlockmask(void)
                        for (j = 0; j < modmap_r->keycodes_per_modifier; j++) {
                                kc = modmap[i * modmap_r->keycodes_per_modifier
                                    + j];
-
-                               if (kc == *((xcb_keycode_t *)xcb_key_symbols_get_keycode(syms,
-                                   XK_Num_Lock)))
+                               keycode = xcb_key_symbols_get_keycode(syms,
+                                               XK_Num_Lock);
+                               if (kc == *keycode)
                                        numlockmask = (1 << i);
+                               free(keycode);
                        }
                }
                free(modmap_r);
        }
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "updatenumlockmask: %d\n", numlockmask);
 }
 
 void
 grabkeys(void)
 {
-       int                     num_screens, k;
-       unsigned int            j;
-       xcb_keycode_t           *code;
-       unsigned int            modifiers[] =
-           { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask | LockMask };
        struct key              *kp;
+       int                     num_screens, k, j;
+       unsigned int            modifiers[3];
+       xcb_keycode_t           *code;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "grabkeys\n");
        updatenumlockmask();
 
+       modifiers[0] = 0;
+       modifiers[1] = numlockmask;
+       modifiers[2] = numlockmask | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK;
+
        num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
        for (k = 0; k < num_screens; k++) {
                if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&screens[k].rl))
@@ -5553,43 +5835,37 @@ grabkeys(void)
                        XCB_MOD_MASK_ANY);
                RB_FOREACH(kp, key_tree, &keys) {
                        if ((code = xcb_key_symbols_get_keycode(syms,
-                                       kp->keysym)))
+                                       kp->keysym))) {
                                for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
                                        xcb_grab_key(conn, 1,
                                            screens[k].root,
                                            kp->mod | modifiers[j],
-                                           *code, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC,
+                                           *code, XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC,
                                            XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC);
+                               free(code);
+                       }
                }
        }
 }
 
 void
-grabbuttons(struct ws_win *win, int focused)
+grabbuttons(struct ws_win *win)
 {
-       unsigned int            i, j;
-       unsigned int            modifiers[] =
-           { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
+       int             i;
 
-       updatenumlockmask();
-       xcb_ungrab_button(conn, XCB_BUTTON_INDEX_ANY, win->id,
-           XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY);
-       if (focused) {
-               for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
-                       if (buttons[i].action == client_click)
-                               for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
-                                       xcb_grab_button(conn, 0, win->id,
-                                           BUTTONMASK,
-                                           XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC,
-                                           XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC,
-                                           XCB_WINDOW_NONE,
-                                           XCB_CURSOR_NONE,
-                                           buttons[i].button,
-                                           buttons[i].mask);
-       } else
-               xcb_grab_button(conn, 0, win->id, BUTTONMASK,
-                   XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_WINDOW_NONE,
-                   XCB_CURSOR_NONE, XCB_BUTTON_INDEX_ANY, XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MOUSE, "grabbuttons: win 0x%x\n", win->id);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
+               if (buttons[i].action == client_click)
+                       xcb_grab_button(conn, 0, win->id, BUTTONMASK,
+                           XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC,
+                           XCB_WINDOW_NONE, XCB_CURSOR_NONE,
+                           buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask);
+
+       /* click to focus */
+       xcb_grab_button(conn, 0, win->id, BUTTONMASK, XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC,
+           XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_WINDOW_NONE, XCB_CURSOR_NONE,
+           XCB_BUTTON_INDEX_1, XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY);
 }
 
 const char *quirkname[] = {
@@ -5719,7 +5995,7 @@ setconfquirk(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 {
        char                    *cp, *class, *name;
        int                     retval;
-       unsigned long           quirks;
+       unsigned long           qrks;
 
        /* suppress unused warning since var is needed */
        (void)flags;
@@ -5731,8 +6007,8 @@ setconfquirk(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
        *cp = '\0';
        class = selector;
        name = cp + 1;
-       if ((retval = parsequirks(value, &quirks)) == 0)
-               setquirk(class, name, quirks);
+       if ((retval = parsequirks(value, &qrks)) == 0)
+               setquirk(class, name, qrks);
        return (retval);
 }
 
@@ -5804,7 +6080,7 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
        switch (flags) {
        case SWM_S_BAR_ACTION:
                free(bar_argv[0]);
-               if ((bar_argv[0] = strdup(value)) == NULL)
+               if ((bar_argv[0] = expand_tilde(value)) == NULL)
                        err(1, "setconfvalue: bar_action");
                break;
        case SWM_S_BAR_AT_BOTTOM:
@@ -5827,6 +6103,20 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                        err(1, "setconfvalue: asprintf: failed to allocate "
                                "memory for bar_fonts.");
                free(b);
+
+               /* If already in xft mode, then we are done. */
+               if (!bar_font_legacy)
+                       break;
+
+               /* If there are any non-XLFD entries, switch to Xft mode. */
+               while ((b = strsep(&value, ",")) != NULL) {
+                       if (*b == '\0')
+                               continue;
+                       if (!isxlfd(b)) {
+                               bar_font_legacy = 0;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
                break;
        case SWM_S_BAR_FORMAT:
                free(bar_format);
@@ -5900,8 +6190,8 @@ setconfvalue(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                        focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT;
                else if (!strcmp(value, "follow_cursor"))
                        focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW;
-               else if (!strcmp(value, "synergy"))
-                       focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_SYNERGY;
+               else if (!strcmp(value, "manual"))
+                       focus_mode = SWM_FOCUS_MANUAL;
                else
                        errx(1, "focus_mode");
                break;
@@ -5976,13 +6266,13 @@ setconfmodkey(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
        (void)flags;
 
        if (!strncasecmp(value, "Mod1", strlen("Mod1")))
-               update_modkey(Mod1Mask);
+               update_modkey(XCB_MOD_MASK_1);
        else if (!strncasecmp(value, "Mod2", strlen("Mod2")))
-               update_modkey(Mod2Mask);
+               update_modkey(XCB_MOD_MASK_2);
        else if (!strncasecmp(value, "Mod3", strlen("Mod3")))
-               update_modkey(Mod3Mask);
+               update_modkey(XCB_MOD_MASK_3);
        else if (!strncasecmp(value, "Mod4", strlen("Mod4")))
-               update_modkey(Mod4Mask);
+               update_modkey(XCB_MOD_MASK_4);
        else
                return (1);
        return (0);
@@ -6078,7 +6368,7 @@ setautorun(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 int
 setlayout(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 {
-       int                     ws_id, i, x, mg, ma, si, raise, f = 0;
+       int                     ws_id, i, x, mg, ma, si, ar, f = 0;
        int                     st = SWM_V_STACK, num_screens;
        char                    s[1024];
        struct workspace        *ws;
@@ -6092,7 +6382,7 @@ setlayout(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
 
        bzero(s, sizeof s);
        if (sscanf(value, "ws[%d]:%d:%d:%d:%d:%1023c",
-           &ws_id, &mg, &ma, &si, &raise, s) != 6)
+           &ws_id, &mg, &ma, &si, &ar, s) != 6)
                errx(1, "invalid layout entry, should be 'ws[<idx>]:"
                    "<master_grow>:<master_add>:<stack_inc>:<always_raise>:"
                    "<type>'");
@@ -6122,7 +6412,7 @@ setlayout(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                ws = (struct workspace *)&screens[i].ws;
                ws[ws_id].cur_layout = &layouts[st];
 
-               ws[ws_id].always_raise = raise;
+               ws[ws_id].always_raise = ar;
                if (st == SWM_MAX_STACK)
                        continue;
 
@@ -6155,6 +6445,8 @@ setlayout(char *selector, char *value, int flags)
                }
        }
 
+       focus_flush();
+
        return (0);
 }
 
@@ -6211,15 +6503,14 @@ struct config_option configopt[] = {
        { "layout",                     setlayout,      0 },
 };
 
-
 int
 conf_load(char *filename, int keymapping)
 {
        FILE                    *config;
        char                    *line, *cp, *optsub, *optval;
        size_t                  linelen, lineno = 0;
-       int                     wordlen, i, optind;
-       struct config_option    *opt;
+       int                     wordlen, i, optidx;
+       struct config_option    *opt = NULL;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CONF, "conf_load: begin\n");
 
@@ -6254,21 +6545,21 @@ conf_load(char *filename, int keymapping)
                            filename, lineno);
                        goto out;
                }
-               optind = -1;
+               optidx = -1;
                for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(configopt); i++) {
                        opt = &configopt[i];
                        if (!strncasecmp(cp, opt->optname, wordlen) &&
                            (int)strlen(opt->optname) == wordlen) {
-                               optind = i;
+                               optidx = i;
                                break;
                        }
                }
-               if (optind == -1) {
+               if (optidx == -1) {
                        warnx("%s: line %zd: unknown option %.*s",
                            filename, lineno, wordlen, cp);
                        goto out;
                }
-               if (keymapping && strcmp(opt->optname, "bind")) {
+               if (keymapping && opt && strcmp(opt->optname, "bind")) {
                        warnx("%s: line %zd: invalid option %.*s",
                            filename, lineno, wordlen, cp);
                        goto out;
@@ -6302,10 +6593,10 @@ conf_load(char *filename, int keymapping)
                /* get RHS value */
                optval = strdup(cp);
                /* call function to deal with it all */
-               if (configopt[optind].func(optsub, optval,
-                   configopt[optind].funcflags) != 0)
+               if (configopt[optidx].func(optsub, optval,
+                   configopt[optidx].funcflags) != 0)
                        errx(1, "%s: line %zd: invalid data for %s",
-                           filename, lineno, configopt[optind].optname);
+                           filename, lineno, configopt[optidx].optname);
                free(optval);
                free(optsub);
                free(line);
@@ -6334,7 +6625,7 @@ set_child_transient(struct ws_win *win, xcb_window_t *trans)
 
        parent = find_window(win->transient);
        if (parent)
-               parent->child_trans = win;
+               parent->focus_child = win;
        else {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "set_child_transient: parent doesn't exist"
                    " for 0x%x trans 0x%x\n", win->id, win->transient);
@@ -6353,7 +6644,7 @@ set_child_transient(struct ws_win *win, xcb_window_t *trans)
                        if (win->hints.window_group != wmh.window_group)
                                continue;
 
-                       w->child_trans = win;
+                       w->focus_child = win;
                        win->transient = w->id;
                        *trans = w->id;
                        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "set_child_transient: adjusting "
@@ -6422,7 +6713,9 @@ get_ws_idx(xcb_window_t id)
                xcb_get_property(conn, 0, id, a_swm_ws,
                    XCB_ATOM_STRING, 0, SWM_PROPLEN),
                NULL);
-       if (gpr && gpr->type) {
+       if (!gpr)
+               return (-1);
+       if (gpr->type) {
                proplen = xcb_get_property_value_length(gpr);
                if (proplen > 0) {
                        prop = malloc(proplen + 1);
@@ -6433,8 +6726,8 @@ get_ws_idx(xcb_window_t id)
                                prop[proplen] = '\0';
                        }
                }
-               free(gpr);
        }
+       free(gpr);
 
        if (prop) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_PROP, "get_ws_idx: _SWM_WS: %s\n", prop);
@@ -6450,88 +6743,88 @@ get_ws_idx(xcb_window_t id)
 }
 
 struct ws_win *
-manage_window(xcb_window_t id)
+manage_window(xcb_window_t id, uint16_t mapped)
 {
        xcb_window_t            trans = XCB_WINDOW_NONE;
-       struct workspace        *ws;
        struct ws_win           *win, *ww;
-       int                     ws_idx, border_me = 0;
-       char                    ws_idx_str[SWM_PROPLEN], *prop = NULL;
+       int                     ws_idx;
+       char                    ws_idx_str[SWM_PROPLEN];
        struct swm_region       *r;
        struct pid_e            *p;
        struct quirk            *qp;
-       uint32_t                event_mask, i;
+       uint32_t                i, wa[2];
        xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_t      wpr;
 
-       if ((win = find_window(id)) != NULL)
-               return (win);   /* already being managed */
+       if ((win = find_window(id)) != NULL) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "manage_window: win 0x%x already "
+                   "managed; skipping.)\n", id);
+               return (win);   /* Already managed. */
+       }
 
-       /* see if we are on the unmanaged list */
+       /* See if window is on the unmanaged list. */
        if ((win = find_unmanaged_window(id)) != NULL) {
-               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "manage_window: previously unmanaged "
-                   "window: 0x%x\n", win->id);
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "manage_window: win 0x%x found on "
+                   "unmanaged list.\n", id);
                TAILQ_REMOVE(&win->ws->unmanagedlist, win, entry);
+
                if (win->transient)
                        set_child_transient(win, &trans);
 
-               if (trans && (ww = find_window(trans)))
-                       TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&win->ws->winlist, ww, win, entry);
-               else if ((ww = win->ws->focus) &&
-                   spawn_position == SWM_STACK_ABOVE)
-                       TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&win->ws->winlist, win->ws->focus,
-                           win, entry);
-               else if (ww && spawn_position == SWM_STACK_BELOW)
-                       TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(win->ws->focus, win, entry);
-               else switch (spawn_position) {
-               default:
-               case SWM_STACK_TOP:
-               case SWM_STACK_ABOVE:
-                       TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&win->ws->winlist, win, entry);
-                       break;
-               case SWM_STACK_BOTTOM:
-               case SWM_STACK_BELOW:
-                       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&win->ws->winlist, win, entry);
-               }
-
-               ewmh_update_actions(win);
-               return (win);
+               goto out;
+       } else {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "manage_window: win 0x%x is new.\n", id);
        }
 
+       /* Create and initialize ws_win object. */
        if ((win = calloc(1, sizeof(struct ws_win))) == NULL)
                err(1, "manage_window: calloc: failed to allocate memory for "
                    "new window");
 
        win->id = id;
-       win->bordered = 0;
-
-       /* see if we need to override the workspace */
-       p = find_pid(window_get_pid(id));
-
-       /* Get all the window data in one shot */
-       ws_idx = get_ws_idx(id);
 
+       /* Get window geometry. */
        win->wa = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn,
-           xcb_get_geometry(conn, id),
+           xcb_get_geometry(conn, win->id),
            NULL);
+
+       /* Figure out which region the window belongs to. */
+       r = root_to_region(win->wa->root);
+
+       /* Ignore window border if there is one. */
+       WIDTH(win) = win->wa->width;
+       HEIGHT(win) = win->wa->height;
+       X(win) = win->wa->x + win->wa->border_width - border_width;
+       Y(win) = win->wa->y + win->wa->border_width - border_width;
+       win->bordered = 1;
+       win->mapped = mapped;
+       win->floatmaxed = 0;
+       win->ewmh_flags = 0;
+       win->s = r->s;  /* this never changes */
+
+       store_float_geom(win, r);
+
+       /* Get WM_SIZE_HINTS. */
        xcb_icccm_get_wm_normal_hints_reply(conn,
-           xcb_icccm_get_wm_normal_hints(conn, id),
+           xcb_icccm_get_wm_normal_hints(conn, win->id),
            &win->sh, NULL);
+
+       /* Get WM_HINTS. */
        xcb_icccm_get_wm_hints_reply(conn,
-           xcb_icccm_get_wm_hints(conn, id),
+           xcb_icccm_get_wm_hints(conn, win->id),
            &win->hints, NULL);
+
+       /* Get WM_TRANSIENT_FOR; see if window is a transient. */
        xcb_icccm_get_wm_transient_for_reply(conn,
-           xcb_icccm_get_wm_transient_for(conn, id),
+           xcb_icccm_get_wm_transient_for(conn, win->id),
            &trans, NULL);
        if (trans) {
                win->transient = trans;
-               set_child_transient(win, &trans);
-               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "manage_window: window: 0x%x, "
-                   "transient: 0x%x\n", win->id, win->transient);
+               set_child_transient(win, &win->transient);
        }
 
-       /* get supported protocols */
+       /* Get supported protocols. */
        if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply(conn,
-           xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols(conn, id, a_prot),
+           xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols(conn, win->id, a_prot),
            &wpr, NULL)) {
                for (i = 0; i < wpr.atoms_len; i++) {
                        if (wpr.atoms[i] == a_takefocus)
@@ -6542,77 +6835,27 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id)
                xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_wipe(&wpr);
        }
 
-       win->iconic = get_iconic(win);
+       win->iconic = get_swm_iconic(win);
 
-       /*
-        * Figure out where to put the window. If it was previously assigned to
-        * a workspace (either by spawn() or manually moving), and isn't
-        * transient, * put it in the same workspace
-        */
-       r = root_to_region(win->wa->root);
-       if (p) {
-               ws = &r->s->ws[p->ws];
+       /* Figure out which workspace the window belongs to. */
+       if ((p = find_pid(window_get_pid(win->id))) != NULL) {
+               win->ws = &r->s->ws[p->ws];
                TAILQ_REMOVE(&pidlist, p, entry);
                free(p);
                p = NULL;
-       } else if (ws_idx != -1 && win->transient == 0) {
-               ws = &r->s->ws[ws_idx];
+       } else if ((ws_idx = get_ws_idx(win->id)) != -1 &&
+           win->transient == 0) {
+               /* _SWM_WS is set; use that. */
+               win->ws = &r->s->ws[ws_idx];
+       } else if (trans && (ww = find_window(trans)) != NULL) {
+               /* Launch transients in the same ws as parent. */
+               win->ws = ww->ws;
        } else {
-               ws = r->ws;
-               /* this should launch transients in the same ws as parent */
-               if (id && trans)
-                       if ((ww = find_window(trans)) != NULL)
-                               if (ws->r) {
-                                       ws = ww->ws;
-                                       if (ww->ws->r)
-                                               r = ww->ws->r;
-                                       else
-                                               warnx("manage_window: fix this "
-                                                   "bug mcbride");
-                                       border_me = 1;
-                               }
+               win->ws = r->ws;
        }
 
-       /* set up the window layout */
-       win->id = id;
-       win->ws = ws;
-       win->s = r->s;  /* this never changes */
-       if (trans && (ww = find_window(trans)))
-               TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&ws->winlist, ww, win, entry);
-       else if (win->ws->focus && spawn_position == SWM_STACK_ABOVE)
-               TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&win->ws->winlist, win->ws->focus, win,
-                   entry);
-       else if (win->ws->focus && spawn_position == SWM_STACK_BELOW)
-               TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(win->ws->focus, win, entry);
-       else switch (spawn_position) {
-       default:
-       case SWM_STACK_TOP:
-       case SWM_STACK_ABOVE:
-               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&win->ws->winlist, win, entry);
-               break;
-       case SWM_STACK_BOTTOM:
-       case SWM_STACK_BELOW:
-               TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&win->ws->winlist, win, entry);
-       }
-
-       /* ignore window border if there is one. */
-       WIDTH(win) = win->wa->width;
-       HEIGHT(win) = win->wa->height;
-       X(win) = win->wa->x + win->wa->border_width;
-       Y(win) = win->wa->y + win->wa->border_width;
-       win->bordered = 0;
-       win->g_floatvalid = 0;
-       win->floatmaxed = 0;
-       win->ewmh_flags = 0;
-
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "manage_window: window: 0x%x, (x,y) w x h: "
-           "(%d,%d) %d x %d, ws: %d\n", win->id, X(win), Y(win), WIDTH(win),
-           HEIGHT(win), ws->idx);
-
-       constrain_window(win, r, 0);
-
-       /* Set window properties so we can remember this after reincarnation */
-       if (prop == NULL && snprintf(ws_idx_str, SWM_PROPLEN, "%d", ws->idx) <
+       /* Set the _SWM_WS atom so we can remember this after reincarnation. */
+       if (snprintf(ws_idx_str, SWM_PROPLEN, "%d", win->ws->idx) <
            SWM_PROPLEN) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_PROP, "manage_window: set _SWM_WS: %s\n",
                    ws_idx_str);
@@ -6620,11 +6863,11 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id)
                    a_swm_ws, XCB_ATOM_STRING, 8, strlen(ws_idx_str),
                    ws_idx_str);
        }
-       if (prop)
-               free(prop);
 
+       /* Handle EWMH */
        ewmh_autoquirk(win);
 
+       /* Determine initial quirks. */
        if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_class_reply(conn,
            xcb_icccm_get_wm_class(conn, win->id),
            &win->ch, NULL)) {
@@ -6633,63 +6876,83 @@ manage_window(xcb_window_t id)
 
                /* java is retarded so treat it special */
                if (strstr(win->ch.instance_name, "sun-awt")) {
+                       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CLASS, "manage_window: java window "
+                           "detected.\n");
                        win->java = 1;
-                       border_me = 1;
                }
 
                TAILQ_FOREACH(qp, &quirks, entry) {
                        if (!strcmp(win->ch.class_name, qp->class) &&
                            !strcmp(win->ch.instance_name, qp->name)) {
-                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CLASS, "manage_window: found: "
-                                   "class: %s, name: %s\n", win->ch.class_name,
-                                   win->ch.instance_name);
-                               if (qp->quirk & SWM_Q_FLOAT) {
+                               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_CLASS, "manage_window: on quirks"
+                                   "list; mask: 0x%lx\n", qp->quirk);
+                               if (qp->quirk & SWM_Q_FLOAT)
                                        win->floating = 1;
-                                       border_me = 1;
-                               }
                                win->quirks = qp->quirk;
                        }
                }
        }
 
-       /* alter window position if quirky */
-       if (win->quirks & SWM_Q_ANYWHERE) {
-               win->manual = 1; /* don't center the quirky windows */
-               if (bar_enabled && Y(win) < bar_height)
-                       Y(win) = bar_height;
-               if (WIDTH(win) + X(win) > WIDTH(r))
-                       X(win) = WIDTH(r) - WIDTH(win) - 2;
-               border_me = 1;
-       }
+       /* Alter window position if quirky */
+       if (win->quirks & SWM_Q_ANYWHERE)
+               win->manual = 1;
 
        /* Reset font sizes (the bruteforce way; no default keybinding). */
        if (win->quirks & SWM_Q_XTERM_FONTADJ) {
                for (i = 0; i < SWM_MAX_FONT_STEPS; i++)
-                       fake_keypress(win, XK_KP_Subtract, ShiftMask);
+                       fake_keypress(win, XK_KP_Subtract, XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT);
                for (i = 0; i < SWM_MAX_FONT_STEPS; i++)
-                       fake_keypress(win, XK_KP_Add, ShiftMask);
+                       fake_keypress(win, XK_KP_Add, XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT);
        }
 
-       ewmh_get_win_state(win);
-       ewmh_update_actions(win);
-       ewmh_update_win_state(win, None, _NET_WM_STATE_REMOVE);
-
-       /* border me */
-       if (border_me) {
-               win->bordered = 1;
-               X(win) -= border_width;
-               Y(win) -= border_width;
+       /* Make sure window is positioned inside its region, if its active. */
+       if (win->ws->r) {
+               constrain_window(win, win->ws->r, 0);
                update_window(win);
        }
 
-       event_mask = XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW | XCB_EVENT_MASK_FOCUS_CHANGE |
-           XCB_EVENT_MASK_PROPERTY_CHANGE | XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY;
+       /* Select which X events to monitor and set border pixel color. */
+       wa[0] = win->s->c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel;
+       wa[1] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW | XCB_EVENT_MASK_PROPERTY_CHANGE |
+           XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY;
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+       wa[1] |= XCB_EVENT_MASK_LEAVE_WINDOW | XCB_EVENT_MASK_FOCUS_CHANGE;
+#endif
 
-       xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, &event_mask);
+       xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win->id, XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL |
+           XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, wa);
 
-       /* floaters need to be mapped if they are in the current workspace */
-       if ((win->floating || win->transient) && (ws->idx == r->ws->idx))
-               map_window_raised(win->id);
+out:
+       /* Figure out where to stack the window in the workspace. */
+       if (trans && (ww = find_window(trans)))
+               TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&win->ws->winlist, ww, win, entry);
+       else if (win->ws->focus && spawn_position == SWM_STACK_ABOVE)
+               TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&win->ws->winlist, win->ws->focus, win,
+                   entry);
+       else if (win->ws->focus && spawn_position == SWM_STACK_BELOW)
+               TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(win->ws->focus, win, entry);
+       else switch (spawn_position) {
+       default:
+       case SWM_STACK_TOP:
+       case SWM_STACK_ABOVE:
+               TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&win->ws->winlist, win, entry);
+               break;
+       case SWM_STACK_BOTTOM:
+       case SWM_STACK_BELOW:
+               TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&win->ws->winlist, win, entry);
+       }
+
+       /* Get initial _NET_WM_STATE */
+       ewmh_get_win_state(win);
+       /* Set initial _NET_WM_ALLOWED_ACTIONS */
+       ewmh_update_actions(win);
+
+       grabbuttons(win);
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "manage_window: done. window: 0x%x, (x,y) w x h: "
+           "(%d,%d) %d x %d, ws: %d, iconic: %s, transient: 0x%x\n", win->id,
+           X(win), Y(win), WIDTH(win), HEIGHT(win), win->ws->idx,
+           YESNO(win->iconic), win->transient);
 
        return (win);
 }
@@ -6715,14 +6978,13 @@ free_window(struct ws_win *win)
        memset(win, 0xff, sizeof *win); /* XXX kill later */
 
        free(win);
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "free_window: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "free_window: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
 unmanage_window(struct ws_win *win)
 {
        struct ws_win           *parent;
-       xcb_screen_t            *screen;
 
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
@@ -6732,59 +6994,13 @@ unmanage_window(struct ws_win *win)
        if (win->transient) {
                parent = find_window(win->transient);
                if (parent)
-                       parent->child_trans = NULL;
+                       parent->focus_child = NULL;
        }
 
-       /* focus on root just in case */
-       screen = xcb_setup_roots_iterator(xcb_get_setup(conn)).data;
-       xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_POINTER_ROOT,
-           screen->root, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
-
-       focus_prev(win);
-
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&win->ws->winlist, win, entry);
        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&win->ws->unmanagedlist, win, entry);
 }
 
-void
-focus_magic(struct ws_win *win)
-{
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "focus_magic: window: 0x%x\n", WINID(win));
-
-       if (win == NULL) {
-               /* if there are no windows clear the status-bar */
-               bar_update();
-               return;
-       }
-
-       if (win->child_trans) {
-               /* win = parent & has a transient so focus on that */
-               if (win->java) {
-                       focus_win(win->child_trans);
-                       if (win->child_trans->take_focus)
-                               client_msg(win, a_takefocus);
-               } else {
-                       /* make sure transient hasn't disappeared */
-                       if (validate_win(win->child_trans) == 0) {
-                               focus_win(win->child_trans);
-                               if (win->child_trans->take_focus)
-                                       client_msg(win->child_trans,
-                                           a_takefocus);
-                       } else {
-                               win->child_trans = NULL;
-                               focus_win(win);
-                               if (win->take_focus)
-                                       client_msg(win, a_takefocus);
-                       }
-               }
-       } else {
-               /* regular focus */
-               focus_win(win);
-               if (win->take_focus)
-                       client_msg(win, a_takefocus);
-       }
-}
-
 void
 expose(xcb_expose_event_t *e)
 {
@@ -6802,6 +7018,24 @@ expose(xcb_expose_event_t *e)
        xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+void
+focusin(xcb_focus_in_event_t *e)
+{
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "focusin: window: 0x%x, mode: %s(%u), "
+           "detail: %s(%u)\n", e->event, get_notify_mode_label(e->mode),
+           e->mode, get_notify_detail_label(e->detail), e->detail);
+}
+
+void
+focusout(xcb_focus_out_event_t *e)
+{
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "focusout: window: 0x%x, mode: %s(%u), "
+           "detail: %s(%u)\n", e->event, get_notify_mode_label(e->mode),
+           e->mode, get_notify_detail_label(e->detail), e->detail);
+}
+#endif
+
 void
 keypress(xcb_key_press_event_t *e)
 {
@@ -6815,6 +7049,8 @@ keypress(xcb_key_press_event_t *e)
        if ((kp = key_lookup(CLEANMASK(e->state), keysym)) == NULL)
                return;
 
+       last_event_time = e->time;
+
        if (kp->funcid == KF_SPAWN_CUSTOM)
                spawn_custom(root_to_region(e->root),
                    &(keyfuncs[kp->funcid].args), kp->spawn_name);
@@ -6828,7 +7064,7 @@ buttonpress(xcb_button_press_event_t *e)
 {
        struct ws_win           *win;
        int                     i;
-       unsigned int            action;
+       int                     handled = 0;
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "buttonpress: window 0x%x, detail: %u\n",
            e->event, e->detail);
@@ -6836,14 +7072,24 @@ buttonpress(xcb_button_press_event_t *e)
        if ((win = find_window(e->event)) == NULL)
                return;
 
-       focus_magic(win);
-       action = client_click;
+       last_event_time = e->time;
+
+       focus_win(get_focus_magic(win));
 
        for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
-               if (action == buttons[i].action && buttons[i].func &&
+               if (client_click == buttons[i].action && buttons[i].func &&
                    buttons[i].button == e->detail &&
-                   CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(e->state))
+                   CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(e->state)) {
                        buttons[i].func(win, &buttons[i].args);
+                       handled = 1;
+               }
+
+       if (!handled) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "buttonpress: passing to window.\n");
+               xcb_allow_events(conn, XCB_ALLOW_REPLAY_POINTER, e->time);
+       } else {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "buttonpress: handled.\n");
+       }
 
        xcb_flush(conn);
 }
@@ -6871,10 +7117,41 @@ print_win_geom(xcb_window_t w)
 }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+char *
+get_stack_mode_name(uint8_t mode)
+{
+       char    *name;
+
+       switch(mode) {
+       case XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE:
+               name = "Above";
+               break;
+       case XCB_STACK_MODE_BELOW:
+               name = "Below";
+               break;
+       case XCB_STACK_MODE_TOP_IF:
+               name = "TopIf";
+               break;
+       case XCB_STACK_MODE_BOTTOM_IF:
+               name = "BottomIf";
+               break;
+       case XCB_STACK_MODE_OPPOSITE:
+               name = "Opposite";
+               break;
+       default:
+               name = "Unknown";
+       }
+
+       return name;
+}
+#endif
+
 void
 configurerequest(xcb_configure_request_event_t *e)
 {
        struct ws_win           *win;
+       struct swm_region       *r = NULL;
        int                     new = 0, i = 0;
        uint16_t                mask = 0;
        uint32_t                wc[7] = {0};
@@ -6882,73 +7159,110 @@ configurerequest(xcb_configure_request_event_t *e)
        if ((win = find_window(e->window)) == NULL)
                if ((win = find_unmanaged_window(e->window)) == NULL)
                        new = 1;
+
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
-       print_win_geom(e->window);
+       if (swm_debug & SWM_D_EVENT) {
+               print_win_geom(e->window);
+
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "configurerequest: window: 0x%x, "
+                   "parent: 0x%x, new: %s, value_mask: %u { ", e->window,
+                   e->parent, YESNO(new), e->value_mask);
+               if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X)
+                       DPRINTF("X: %d ", e->x);
+               if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y)
+                       DPRINTF("Y: %d ", e->y);
+               if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH)
+                       DPRINTF("W: %u ", e->width);
+               if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT)
+                       DPRINTF("H: %u ", e->height);
+               if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_BORDER_WIDTH)
+                       DPRINTF("Border: %u ", e->border_width);
+               if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_SIBLING)
+                       DPRINTF("Sibling: 0x%x ", e->sibling);
+               if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE)
+                       DPRINTF("StackMode: %s(%u) ",
+                           get_stack_mode_name(e->stack_mode), e->stack_mode);
+               DPRINTF("}\n");
+       }
 #endif
+
        if (new) {
-               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "configurerequest: new window: 0x%x, "
-                   "value_mask: 0x%x", e->window, e->value_mask);
                if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X) {
                        mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X;
                        wc[i++] = e->x;
-                       DPRINTF(", X: %d", e->x);
                }
                if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y) {
                        mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y;
                        wc[i++] = e->y;
-                       DPRINTF(", Y: %d", e->y);
                }
                if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH) {
                        mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH;
                        wc[i++] = e->width;
-                       DPRINTF(", W: %u", e->width);
                }
                if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT) {
                        mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT;
                        wc[i++] = e->height;
-                       DPRINTF(", H: %u", e->height);
                }
                if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_BORDER_WIDTH) {
                        mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_BORDER_WIDTH;
                        wc[i++] = e->border_width;
-                       DPRINTF(", Border: %u", e->border_width);
                }
                if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_SIBLING) {
                        mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_SIBLING;
                        wc[i++] = e->sibling;
-                       DPRINTF(", Sibling: 0x%x", e->sibling);
                }
                if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE) {
                        mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE;
                        wc[i++] = e->stack_mode;
-                       DPRINTF(", StackMode: %u", e->stack_mode);
                }
 
                if (mask != 0)
                        xcb_configure_window(conn, e->window, mask, wc);
-
-               DPRINTF(", Sent: %s\n", YESNO((mask != 0)));
        } else if ((!win->manual || win->quirks & SWM_Q_ANYWHERE) &&
            !(win->ewmh_flags & EWMH_F_FULLSCREEN)) {
-               win->g_float.x = e->x - X(win->ws->r);
-               win->g_float.y = e->y - Y(win->ws->r);
-               win->g_float.w = e->width;
-               win->g_float.h = e->height;
+               if (win->ws->r)
+                       r = win->ws->r;
+               else if (win->ws->old_r)
+                       r = win->ws->old_r;
+
+               /* windows are centered unless ANYWHERE quirk is set. */
+               if (win->quirks & SWM_Q_ANYWHERE) {
+                       if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X) {
+                               win->g_float.x = e->x;
+                               if (r)
+                                       win->g_float.x -= X(r);
+                       }
+
+                       if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y) {
+                               win->g_float.y = e->y;
+                               if (r)
+                                       win->g_float.y -= Y(r);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH)
+                       win->g_float.w = e->width;
+
+               if (e->value_mask & XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT)
+                       win->g_float.h = e->height;
+
                win->g_floatvalid = 1;
 
-               if (win->floating) {
-                       win->g = win->g_float;
-                       win->g.x += X(win->ws->r);
-                       win->g.y += Y(win->ws->r);
-                       update_window(win);
+               if (win->floating && r) {
+                       WIDTH(win) = win->g_float.w;
+                       HEIGHT(win) = win->g_float.h;
+
+                       stack_floater(win, win->ws->r);
+
+                       focus_flush();
                } else {
                        config_win(win, e);
+                       xcb_flush(conn);
                }
        } else {
                config_win(win, e);
+               xcb_flush(conn);
        }
-
-       xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
 void
@@ -6965,8 +7279,10 @@ configurenotify(xcb_configure_notify_event_t *e)
                    xcb_icccm_get_wm_normal_hints(conn, win->id),
                    &win->sh, NULL);
                adjust_font(win);
-               if (font_adjusted)
+               if (font_adjusted) {
                        stack();
+                       xcb_flush(conn);
+               }
        }
 }
 
@@ -6984,48 +7300,134 @@ destroynotify(xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *e)
                return;
        }
 
-       /* make sure we focus on something */
-       win->floating = 0;
+       /* If we were focused, make sure we focus on something else. */
+       if (win == win->ws->focus)
+               win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_prev(win);
 
        unmanage_window(win);
        stack();
+
+       if (win->ws->focus_pending) {
+               focus_win(win->ws->focus_pending);
+               win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+       }
+
        free_window(win);
+
+       focus_flush();
 }
 
-void
-enternotify(xcb_enter_notify_event_t *e)
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+char *
+get_notify_detail_label(uint8_t detail)
 {
-       struct ws_win           *win;
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "enternotify: window: 0x%x, mode: %d, detail: "
-           "%d, root: 0x%x, subwindow: 0x%x, same_screen_focus: %s, "
-           "state: %d\n", e->event, e->mode, e->detail, e->root,
-           e->child, YESNO(e->same_screen_focus), e->state);
-
-       if (e->mode != XCB_NOTIFY_MODE_NORMAL) {
-               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "skip enternotify: generated by "
-                   "cursor grab.\n");
-               return;
+       char *label;
+
+       switch (detail) {
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_DETAIL_ANCESTOR:
+               label = "Ancestor";
+               break;
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_DETAIL_VIRTUAL:
+               label = "Virtual";
+               break;
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_DETAIL_INFERIOR:
+               label = "Inferior";
+               break;
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_DETAIL_NONLINEAR:
+               label = "Nonlinear";
+               break;
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_DETAIL_NONLINEAR_VIRTUAL:
+               label = "NonlinearVirtual";
+               break;
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_DETAIL_POINTER:
+               label = "Pointer";
+               break;
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_DETAIL_POINTER_ROOT:
+               label = "PointerRoot";
+               break;
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_DETAIL_NONE:
+               label = "None";
+               break;
+       default:
+               label = "Unknown";
        }
 
-       switch (focus_mode) {
-       case SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT:
+       return label;
+}
+
+char *
+get_notify_mode_label(uint8_t mode)
+{
+       char *label;
+
+       switch (mode) {
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_MODE_NORMAL:
+               label = "Normal";
                break;
-       case SWM_FOCUS_FOLLOW:
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_MODE_GRAB:
+               label = "Grab";
                break;
-       case SWM_FOCUS_SYNERGY:
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_MODE_UNGRAB:
+               label = "Ungrab";
                break;
+       case XCB_NOTIFY_MODE_WHILE_GRABBED:
+               label = "WhileGrabbed";
+               break;
+       default:
+               label = "Unknown";
+       }
+
+       return label;
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+enternotify(xcb_enter_notify_event_t *e)
+{
+       struct ws_win           *win;
+
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "enternotify: time: %u, win (x,y): 0x%x "
+           "(%d,%d), mode: %s(%d), detail: %s(%d), root (x,y): 0x%x (%d,%d), "
+           "child: 0x%x, same_screen_focus: %s, state: %d\n",
+           e->time, e->event, e->event_x, e->event_y,
+           get_notify_mode_label(e->mode), e->mode,
+           get_notify_detail_label(e->detail), e->detail,
+           e->root, e->root_x, e->root_y, e->child,
+           YESNO(e->same_screen_focus), e->state);
+
+       if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_MANUAL &&
+           e->mode == XCB_NOTIFY_MODE_NORMAL) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "enternotify: manual focus; ignoring.\n");
+               return;
        }
 
        if ((win = find_window(e->event)) == NULL) {
-               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "skip enternotify: window is NULL\n");
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "enternotify: window is NULL; ignoring\n");
                return;
        }
 
-       focus_magic(win);
+       last_event_time = e->time;
+
+       focus_win(get_focus_magic(win));
 
        xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+void
+leavenotify(xcb_leave_notify_event_t *e)
+{
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_FOCUS, "leavenotify: time: %u, win (x,y): 0x%x "
+           "(%d,%d), mode: %s(%d), detail: %s(%d), root (x,y): 0x%x (%d,%d), "
+           "child: 0x%x, same_screen_focus: %s, state: %d\n",
+           e->time, e->event, e->event_x, e->event_y,
+           get_notify_mode_label(e->mode), e->mode,
+           get_notify_detail_label(e->detail), e->detail,
+           e->root, e->root_x, e->root_y, e->child,
+           YESNO(e->same_screen_focus), e->state);
+}
+#endif
+
 /* lets us use one switch statement for arbitrary mode/detail combinations */
 #define MERGE_MEMBERS(a,b)     (((a & 0xffff) << 16) | (b & 0xffff))
 
@@ -7036,16 +7438,18 @@ mapnotify(xcb_map_notify_event_t *e)
 
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "mapnotify: window: 0x%x\n", e->window);
 
-       win = manage_window(e->window);
-       if (win)
-               set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_NORMAL);
+       if ((win = find_window(e->window)) == NULL)
+               win = manage_window(e->window, 1);
 
-       /*
-        * focus_win can only set input focus on a mapped window.
-        * make sure the window really has focus since it is just being mapped.
-        */
-       if (win->ws->focus == win)
+       win->mapped = 1;
+       set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_NORMAL);
+
+       if (win->ws->focus_pending == win) {
                focus_win(win);
+               win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+       }
+
+       xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
 void
@@ -7061,34 +7465,41 @@ void
 maprequest(xcb_map_request_event_t *e)
 {
        struct ws_win           *win;
-       struct swm_region       *r;
        xcb_get_window_attributes_reply_t *war;
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "maprequest: window: 0x%x\n",
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "maprequest: win 0x%x\n",
            e->window);
 
        war = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn,
            xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, e->window),
            NULL);
-       if (!war)
-               return;
-       if (war->override_redirect) {
-               free(war);
-               return;
+       if (war == NULL) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "maprequest: window lost.\n");
+               goto out;
        }
-       free(war);
 
-       win = manage_window(e->window);
-       if (win == NULL) {
-               return; /* can't happen */
+       if (war->override_redirect) {
+               DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "maprequest: override_redirect; "
+                   "skipping.\n");
+               goto out;
        }
 
-       stack();
+       win = manage_window(e->window,
+           (war->map_state == XCB_MAP_STATE_VIEWABLE));
 
-       /* make new win focused */
-       r = root_to_region(win->wa->root);
-       if (win->ws == r->ws)
-               focus_magic(win);
+       /* All windows need to be mapped if they are in the current workspace.*/
+       if (win->ws->r)
+               stack();
+
+       /* The new window should get focus. */
+       win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_magic(win);
+
+       /* Ignore EnterNotify to handle the mapnotify without interference. */
+       if (focus_mode == SWM_FOCUS_DEFAULT)
+               event_drain(XCB_ENTER_NOTIFY);
+out:
+       free(war);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "maprequest: done.\n");
 }
 
 #ifdef SWM_DEBUG
@@ -7096,6 +7507,11 @@ char *
 get_atom_name(xcb_atom_t atom)
 {
        char                            *name = NULL;
+#if 0
+       /*
+        * This should be disabled during most debugging since
+        * xcb_get_* causes an xcb_flush.
+        */
        size_t                          len;
        xcb_get_atom_name_reply_t       *r;
 
@@ -7113,7 +7529,9 @@ get_atom_name(xcb_atom_t atom)
                }
                free(r);
        }
-
+#else
+       (void)atom;
+#endif
        return (name);
 }
 #endif
@@ -7126,21 +7544,43 @@ propertynotify(xcb_property_notify_event_t *e)
        char                    *name;
 
        name = get_atom_name(e->atom);
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "propertynotify: window: 0x%x, atom: %s(%u)\n",
-           e->window, name, e->atom);
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "propertynotify: window: 0x%x, atom: %s(%u), "
+           "time: %#x\n", e->window, name, e->atom, e->time);
        free(name);
 #endif
-
        win = find_window(e->window);
        if (win == NULL)
                return;
 
-       if (e->state == XCB_PROPERTY_DELETE && e->atom == a_swm_iconic) {
-               update_iconic(win, 0);
-               map_window_raised(win->id);
-               stack();
-               focus_win(win);
-               return;
+       last_event_time = e->time;
+
+       if (e->atom == a_swm_iconic) {
+               if (e->state == XCB_PROPERTY_DELETE) {
+                       /* The window is no longer iconic, restack ws. */
+                       win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_magic(win);
+                       stack();
+
+                       /* Flush EnterNotify for mapnotify, if needed. */
+                       focus_flush();
+                       return;
+               } else if (e->state == XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE) {
+                       win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_prev(win);
+                       unfocus_win(win);
+                       unmap_window(win);
+
+                       if (win->ws->r) {
+                               stack();
+                               focus_win(win->ws->focus_pending);
+                               win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+                               focus_flush();
+                       }
+               }
+       } else if (e->atom == a_state && e->state == XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE) {
+               /* State just changed, make sure it gets focused if mapped. */
+               if (win->mapped && win->ws->focus_pending == win) {
+                       win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+                       focus_win(win);
+               }
        }
 
        switch (e->atom) {
@@ -7151,6 +7591,8 @@ propertynotify(xcb_property_notify_event_t *e)
        default:
                break;
        }
+
+       xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
 void
@@ -7166,12 +7608,22 @@ unmapnotify(xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *e)
                return;
 
        if (getstate(e->window) == XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_NORMAL) {
+               /* If we were focused, make sure we focus on something else. */
+               if (win == win->ws->focus)
+                       win->ws->focus_pending = get_focus_prev(win);
+
+               win->mapped = 0;
+               set_win_state(win, XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC);
+
                unmanage_window(win);
                stack();
 
-               /* resend unmap because we ated it */
-               xcb_unmap_window(conn, e->window);
-               xcb_flush(conn);
+               if (win->ws->focus_pending) {
+                       focus_win(win->ws->focus_pending);
+                       win->ws->focus_pending = NULL;
+               }
+
+               focus_flush();
        }
 }
 
@@ -7216,7 +7668,7 @@ clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *e)
        if (e->type == ewmh[_NET_CLOSE_WINDOW].atom) {
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "clientmessage: _NET_CLOSE_WINDOW\n");
                if (win->can_delete)
-                       client_msg(win, a_delete);
+                       client_msg(win, a_delete, 0);
                else
                        xcb_kill_client(conn, win->id);
        }
@@ -7254,6 +7706,39 @@ clientmessage(xcb_client_message_event_t *e)
        xcb_flush(conn);
 }
 
+void
+check_conn(void)
+{
+       int      errcode = xcb_connection_has_error(conn);
+#ifdef XCB_CONN_ERROR
+       char    *s;
+       switch (errcode) {
+       case XCB_CONN_ERROR:
+               s = "Socket error, pipe error or other stream error.";
+               break;
+       case XCB_CONN_CLOSED_EXT_NOTSUPPORTED:
+               s = "Extension not supported.";
+               break;
+       case XCB_CONN_CLOSED_MEM_INSUFFICIENT:
+               s = "Insufficient memory.";
+               break;
+       case XCB_CONN_CLOSED_REQ_LEN_EXCEED:
+               s = "Request length was exceeded.";
+               break;
+       case XCB_CONN_CLOSED_PARSE_ERR:
+               s = "Error parsing display string.";
+               break;
+       default:
+               s = "Unknown error.";
+       }
+       if (errcode)
+               errx(errcode, "X CONNECTION ERROR: %s", s);
+#else
+       if (errcode)
+               errx(errcode, "X CONNECTION ERROR");
+#endif
+}
+
 int
 enable_wm(void)
 {
@@ -7266,7 +7751,8 @@ enable_wm(void)
        /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
        num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
        for (i = 0; i < num_screens; i++) {
-               sc = get_screen(i);
+               if ((sc = get_screen(i)) == NULL)
+                       errx(1, "ERROR: can't get screen %d.", i);
                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "enable_wm: screen %d, root: 0x%x\n",
                    i, sc->root);
                wac = xcb_change_window_attributes_checked(conn, sc->root,
@@ -7371,7 +7857,10 @@ scan_xrandr(int i)
        xcb_randr_get_crtc_info_cookie_t                cic;
        xcb_randr_get_crtc_info_reply_t                 *cir = NULL;
        xcb_randr_crtc_t                                *crtc;
-       xcb_screen_t                                    *screen = get_screen(i);
+       xcb_screen_t                                    *screen;
+
+       if ((screen = get_screen(i)) == NULL)
+               errx(1, "ERROR: can't get screen %d.", i);
 
        num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
        if (i >= num_screens)
@@ -7400,8 +7889,9 @@ scan_xrandr(int i)
                        return;
                } else
                        ncrtc = srr->num_crtcs;
+
+               crtc = xcb_randr_get_screen_resources_current_crtcs(srr);
                for (c = 0; c < ncrtc; c++) {
-                       crtc = xcb_randr_get_screen_resources_current_crtcs(srr);
                        cic = xcb_randr_get_crtc_info(conn, crtc[c],
                            XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
                        cir = xcb_randr_get_crtc_info_reply(conn, cic, NULL);
@@ -7465,7 +7955,7 @@ grab_windows(void)
        xcb_window_t            *wins   = NULL;
        int                     no;
        int                     i, j, num_screens;
-       uint16_t                state, manage;
+       uint16_t                state, manage, mapped;
 
        xcb_query_tree_cookie_t                 qtc;
        xcb_query_tree_reply_t                  *qtr;
@@ -7503,8 +7993,9 @@ grab_windows(void)
 
                        state = getstate(wins[j]);
                        manage = state == XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC;
-                       if (r->map_state == XCB_MAP_STATE_VIEWABLE || manage)
-                               manage_window(wins[j]);
+                       mapped = r->map_state != XCB_MAP_STATE_UNMAPPED;
+                       if (mapped || manage)
+                               manage_window(wins[j], mapped);
                        free(r);
                }
                /* transient windows */
@@ -7521,14 +8012,15 @@ grab_windows(void)
 
                        state = getstate(wins[j]);
                        manage = state == XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_ICONIC;
+                       mapped = r->map_state != XCB_MAP_STATE_UNMAPPED;
                        pc = xcb_icccm_get_wm_transient_for(conn, wins[j]);
                        if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_transient_for_reply(conn, pc,
                            &wins[j], NULL) && manage)
-                               manage_window(wins[j]);
+                               manage_window(wins[j], mapped);
                }
                free(qtr);
        }
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: done\n");
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_INIT, "grab_windows: done.\n");
 }
 
 void
@@ -7538,6 +8030,7 @@ setup_screens(void)
        struct workspace        *ws;
        uint32_t                gcv[1], wa[1];
        const xcb_query_extension_reply_t *qep;
+       xcb_screen_t                            *screen;
        xcb_cursor_t                            cursor;
        xcb_font_t                              cursor_font;
        xcb_randr_query_version_cookie_t        c;
@@ -7551,15 +8044,18 @@ setup_screens(void)
 
        /* initial Xrandr setup */
        xrandr_support = 0;
-       c = xcb_randr_query_version(conn, 1, 1);
-       r = xcb_randr_query_version_reply(conn, c, NULL);
-       if (r) {
-               if (r->major_version >= 1)
-                       xrandr_support = 1;
-               free(r);
-       }
        qep = xcb_get_extension_data(conn, &xcb_randr_id);
-       xrandr_eventbase = qep->first_event;
+       if (qep->present) {
+               c = xcb_randr_query_version(conn, 1, 1);
+               r = xcb_randr_query_version_reply(conn, c, NULL);
+               if (r) {
+                       if (r->major_version >= 1) {
+                               xrandr_support = 1;
+                               xrandr_eventbase = qep->first_event;
+                       }
+                       free(r);
+               }
+       }
 
        cursor_font = xcb_generate_id(conn);
        xcb_open_font(conn, cursor_font, strlen("cursor"), "cursor");
@@ -7575,7 +8071,9 @@ setup_screens(void)
                screens[i].idx = i;
                TAILQ_INIT(&screens[i].rl);
                TAILQ_INIT(&screens[i].orl);
-               screens[i].root = get_screen(i)->root;
+               if ((screen = get_screen(i)) == NULL)
+                       errx(1, "ERROR: can't get screen %d.", i);
+               screens[i].root = screen->root;
 
                /* set default colors */
                setscreencolor("red", i + 1, SWM_S_COLOR_FOCUS);
@@ -7601,6 +8099,8 @@ setup_screens(void)
                        ws->idx = j;
                        ws->name = NULL;
                        ws->focus = NULL;
+                       ws->focus_prev = NULL;
+                       ws->focus_pending = NULL;
                        ws->r = NULL;
                        ws->old_r = NULL;
                        TAILQ_INIT(&ws->winlist);
@@ -7654,7 +8154,6 @@ workaround(void)
        int                     i, num_screens;
        xcb_atom_t              netwmcheck;
        xcb_window_t            root, win;
-       uint32_t                wa[2];
 
        /* work around sun jdk bugs, code from wmname */
        netwmcheck = get_atom_from_string("_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK");
@@ -7664,11 +8163,9 @@ workaround(void)
                root = screens[i].root;
 
                win = xcb_generate_id(conn);
-               wa[0] = screens[i].c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel;
-               wa[1] = screens[i].c[SWM_S_COLOR_UNFOCUS].pixel;
-               xcb_create_window(conn, XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT, win, 0, 0, 0, 1,
-                   1, 0, XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT, XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT,
-                   XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL | XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL, wa);
+               xcb_create_window(conn, XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT, win, root,
+                   0, 0, 1, 1, 0, XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT,
+                   XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT, 0, NULL);
 
                xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, root,
                    netwmcheck, XCB_ATOM_WINDOW, 32, 1, &win);
@@ -7679,9 +8176,47 @@ workaround(void)
        }
 }
 
+void
+shutdown_cleanup(void)
+{
+       int i, num_screens;
+
+       /* disable alarm because the following code may not be interrupted */
+       alarm(0);
+       if (signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR)
+               err(1, "can't disable alarm");
+
+       bar_extra_stop();
+       bar_extra = 1;
+       unmap_all();
+
+       teardown_ewmh();
+
+       num_screens = xcb_setup_roots_length(xcb_get_setup(conn));
+       for (i = 0; i < num_screens; ++i) {
+               if (screens[i].bar_gc != 0)
+                       xcb_free_gc(conn, screens[i].bar_gc);
+               if (!bar_font_legacy)
+                       XftColorFree(display, DefaultVisual(display, i),
+                           DefaultColormap(display, i), &bar_font_color);
+       }
+
+       if (bar_font_legacy)
+               XFreeFontSet(display, bar_fs);
+       else {
+               XftFontClose(display, bar_font);
+       }
+
+       xcb_key_symbols_free(syms);
+       xcb_flush(conn);
+       xcb_disconnect(conn);
+}
+
 void
 event_error(xcb_generic_error_t *e)
 {
+       (void)e;
+
        DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "event_error: %s(%u) from %s(%u), sequence: %u, "
            "resource_id: %u, minor_code: %u\n",
            xcb_event_get_error_label(e->error_code), e->error_code,
@@ -7694,9 +8229,9 @@ event_handle(xcb_generic_event_t *evt)
 {
        uint8_t type = XCB_EVENT_RESPONSE_TYPE(evt);
 
-       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "XCB Event: %s(%d)\n",
+       DNPRINTF(SWM_D_EVENT, "XCB Event: %s(%d), seq %u\n",
            xcb_event_get_label(XCB_EVENT_RESPONSE_TYPE(evt)),
-           XCB_EVENT_RESPONSE_TYPE(evt));
+           XCB_EVENT_RESPONSE_TYPE(evt), evt->sequence);
 
        switch (type) {
 #define EVENT(type, callback) case type: callback((void *)evt); return
@@ -7713,14 +8248,18 @@ event_handle(xcb_generic_event_t *evt)
        EVENT(XCB_DESTROY_NOTIFY, destroynotify);
        EVENT(XCB_ENTER_NOTIFY, enternotify);
        EVENT(XCB_EXPOSE, expose);
-       /*EVENT(XCB_FOCUS_IN, );*/
-       /*EVENT(XCB_FOCUS_OUT, );*/
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+       EVENT(XCB_FOCUS_IN, focusin);
+       EVENT(XCB_FOCUS_OUT, focusout);
+#endif
        /*EVENT(XCB_GRAPHICS_EXPOSURE, );*/
        /*EVENT(XCB_GRAVITY_NOTIFY, );*/
        EVENT(XCB_KEY_PRESS, keypress);
        /*EVENT(XCB_KEY_RELEASE, keypress);*/
        /*EVENT(XCB_KEYMAP_NOTIFY, );*/
-       /*EVENT(XCB_LEAVE_NOTIFY, );*/
+#ifdef SWM_DEBUG
+       EVENT(XCB_LEAVE_NOTIFY, leavenotify);
+#endif
        EVENT(XCB_MAP_NOTIFY, mapnotify);
        EVENT(XCB_MAP_REQUEST, maprequest);
        EVENT(XCB_MAPPING_NOTIFY, mappingnotify);
@@ -7745,7 +8284,6 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
        struct swm_region       *r, *rr;
        struct ws_win           *winfocus = NULL;
-       union arg               a;
        char                    conf[PATH_MAX], *cfile = NULL;
        struct stat             sb;
        int                     xfd, i, num_screens;
@@ -7874,8 +8412,6 @@ noconfig:
                        bar_setup(r);
                }
 
-       //unfocus_all();
-
        grabkeys();
        stack();
 
@@ -7904,8 +8440,8 @@ noconfig:
                                    rr->s[0].root, 0, 0, 0, 0, X(rr),
                                    Y(rr) + (bar_enabled ? bar_height : 0));
 
-                       a.id = SWM_ARG_ID_FOCUSCUR;
-                       focus(rr, &a);
+                       focus_win(get_region_focus(rr));
+                       focus_flush();
                        winfocus = NULL;
                        continue;
                }
@@ -7915,8 +8451,9 @@ noconfig:
                tv.tv_sec = 1;
                tv.tv_usec = 0;
                if (select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, &tv) == -1)
-                       if (errno != EINTR)
+                       if (errno != EINTR) {
                                DNPRINTF(SWM_D_MISC, "select failed");
+                       }
                if (restart_wm == 1)
                        restart(NULL, NULL);
                if (search_resp == 1)
@@ -7929,19 +8466,7 @@ noconfig:
                }
        }
 done:
-       teardown_ewmh();
-       bar_extra_stop();
-
-       for (i = 0; i < num_screens; ++i)
-               if (screens[i].bar_gc != 0)
-                       xcb_free_gc(conn, screens[i].bar_gc);
-
-       XftFontClose(display, bar_font);
-       XftColorFree(display, DefaultVisual(display, 0),
-           DefaultColormap(display, 0), &bar_font_color);
-       xcb_key_symbols_free(syms);
-       xcb_flush(conn);
-       xcb_disconnect(conn);
+       shutdown_cleanup();
 
        return (0);
 }