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[spectrwm] / spectrwm.1

.\" Copyright (c) 2009-2012 Marco Peereboom <marco@peereboom.us>
.\" Copyright (c) 2009 Darrin Chandler <dwchandler@stilyagin.com>
.\" Copyright (c) 2011-2014 Reginald Kennedy <rk@rejii.com>
.\" Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Lawrence Teo <lteo@lteo.net>
.\" Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Tiago Cunha <tcunha@gmx.com>
.\" Copyright (c) 2012 David Hill <dhill@mindcry.org>
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
.\"
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.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
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.Dd $Mdocdate: February 15 2012 $
.Dt SPECTRWM 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm spectrwm
.Nd window manager for X11
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm spectrwm
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm
is a minimalistic window manager that tries to stay out of the way so that
valuable screen real estate can be used for much more important stuff.
It has sane defaults and does not require one to learn a language to do any
configuration.
It was written by hackers for hackers and it strives to be small, compact and
fast.
.Pp
When
.Nm
starts up, it reads settings from its configuration file,
.Pa spectrwm.conf .
See the
.Sx CONFIGURATION FILES
section below.
.Pp
The following notation is used throughout this page:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
.It Cm M
Meta
.It Cm S
Shift
.It Aq Cm Name
Named key
.It Cm M1
Mouse button 1
.It Cm M3
Mouse button 3
.El
.Pp
.Nm
is very simple in its use.
Most of the actions are initiated via key or mouse bindings.
See the
.Sx BINDINGS
section below for defaults and customizations.
.Sh CONFIGURATION FILES
.Nm
first tries to open the user specific file,
.Pa ~/.spectrwm.conf .
If that file is unavailable,
it then tries to open the global configuration file
.Pa /etc/spectrwm.conf .
.Pp
The format of the file is
.Pp
.Dl Ar keyword Li = Ar setting
.Pp
For example:
.Pp
.Dl color_focus = red
.Pp
Enabling or disabling an option is done by using 1 or 0 respectively.
.Pp
Colors need to be specified per the
.Xr XQueryColor 3
specification.
.Pp
Comments begin with a #.  When a literal
.Ql #
is desired in an option, then it
must be escaped with a backslash. i.e. \e#
.Pp
The file supports the following keywords:
.Bl -tag -width 2m
.It Ic autorun
Launch an application in a specified workspace at start-of-day.
Defined in the format
.Li ws Ns Bo Ar idx Bc : Ns Ar application ,
e.g. ws[2]:xterm launches an
xterm in workspace 2.
.It Ic bar_action
External script that populates additional information in the status bar,
such as battery life.
.It Ic bar_at_bottom
Place the statusbar at the bottom of each region instead of the top.
.It Ic bar_border Ns Bq Ar x
Border color of the status bar(s) in screen
.Ar x .
.It Ic bar_border_unfocus Ns Bq Ar x
Border color of the status bar(s) on unfocused region(s) in screen
.Ar x .
.It Ic bar_border_width
Set status bar border thickness in pixels.
Disable border by setting to 0.
.It Ic bar_color Ns Bq Ar x
Background color of the status bar(s) in screen
.Ar x .
.It Ic bar_enabled
Set default
.Ic bar_toggle
state; default is 1.
.It Ic bar_enabled_ws Ns Bq Ar x
Set default
.Ic bar_toggle_ws
state on workspace
.Ar x ;
default is 1.
.It Ic bar_font
Font used in the status bar. Either Xft or X Logical Font Description (XLFD)
may be used to specify fonts. Fallback fonts may be specified by separating
each font with a comma. If all entries are in XLFD syntax, font set will be
used. If at least one entry is Xft, Xft will be used. Note that if Xft is in
use, only the first font that successfully loads will be used regardless of
missing glyphs. The default is to use font set. Also note that
.Xr dmenu 1
does not support Xft fonts.
.Pp
Xft examples:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
bar_font = Terminus:style=Regular:pixelsize=14:antialias=true

bar_font = -*-profont-medium-*-*-*-11-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,Terminus:pixelsize=14,\
-*-clean-medium-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
.Ed
.Pp
Font set examples:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
bar_font = -*-terminus-medium-*-*-*-14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

bar_font = -*-profont-medium-*-*-*-11-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
-*-terminus-medium-*-*-*-14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
-*-clean-medium-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
.Ed
.Pp
To list the available fonts in your system see
.Xr fc-list 1
or
.Xr xlsfonts 1
manpages.
The
.Xr xfontsel 1
application can help with the XLFD setting.
.It Ic bar_font_color Ns Bq Ar x
Color of the font in status bar in screen
.Ar x .
.It Ic bar_format
Set the bar format string, overriding
.Ic clock_format
and all of the
.Ic enabled
options.
The format is passed through
.Xr strftime 3
before being used.
It may contain the following character sequences:
.Bl -column "Character sequence" "Replaced with" -offset indent
.It Sy "Character sequence" Ta Sy "Replaced with"
.It Li "+<" Ta "Pad with a space"
.It Li "+A" Ta "Output of the external script"
.It Li "+C" Ta "Window class (from WM_CLASS)"
.It Li "+D" Ta "Workspace name"
.It Li "+F" Ta "Floating indicator"
.It Li "+I" Ta "Workspace index"
.It Li "+M" Ta "Number of iconic (minimized) windows in workspace"
.It Li "+N" Ta "Screen number"
.It Li "+P" Ta "Window class and instance separated by a colon"
.It Li "+S" Ta "Stacking algorithm"
.It Li "+T" Ta "Window instance (from WM_CLASS)"
.It Li "+U" Ta "Urgency hint"
.It Li "+V" Ta "Program version"
.It Li "+W" Ta "Window name (from _NET_WM_NAME/WM_NAME)"
.It Li "++" Ta "A literal" Ql +
.El
.Pp
All character sequences may limit its output to a specific length, for
example +64A. Any characters that don't match the specification are copied
as-is.
.It Ic bar_justify
Justify the status bar text. Possible values are
.Ar left ,
.Ar center ,
and
.Ar right .
.Pp
Note that if the output is not left justified, it may not be properly
aligned in some circumstances, due to the white-spaces in the default
static format.
See the
.Ic bar_format
option for more details.
.It Ic bind Ns Bq Ar x
Bind key combo to action
.Ar x .
See the
.Sx BINDINGS
section below.
.It Ic border_width
Set window border thickness in pixels.
Disable all borders by setting to 0.
.It Ic boundary_width
Set region containment boundary width in pixels.  This is how far a window
must be dragged/resized beyond the region edge before it is allowed outside
the region.  This has no effect when manipulating the window with key
bindings.  Disable the window containment effect by setting to 0.
.It Ic clock_enabled
Enable or disable displaying the clock in the status bar.
Disable by setting to 0
so a custom clock could be used in the
.Ic bar_action
script.
.It Ic iconic_enabled
Display the number of iconic (minimized) windows in the status bar.
Enable by setting to 1.
.It Ic color_focus
Border color of the currently focused window.  Default is red.
.It Ic color_focus_maximized
Border color of the currently focused, maximized window.  Defaults to the
value of
.Ic color_focus .
.It Ic color_unfocus
Border color of unfocused windows, default is rgb:88/88/88.
.It Ic color_unfocus_maximized
Border color of unfocused, maximized windows.  Defaults to the value of
.Ic color_unfocus .
.It Ic dialog_ratio
Some applications have dialogue windows that are too small to be useful.
This ratio is the screen size to what they will be resized.
For example, 0.6 is 60% of the physical screen size.
.It Ic disable_border
Remove border when bar is disabled and there is only one window on the
region.
.It Ic focus_close
Window to put focus when the focused window is closed.
Possible values are
.Ar first ,
.Ar next ,
.Ar previous
(default) and
.Ar last .
.Ar next
and
.Ar previous
are relative to the window that is closed.
.It Ic focus_close_wrap
Whether to allow the focus to jump to the last window when the first window
is closed or vice versa. Disable by setting to 0.
.It Ic focus_default
Window to put focus when no window has been focused. Possible values are
.Ar first
and
.Ar last
(default).
.It Ic focus_mode
Window focus behavior with respect to the mouse cursor. Possible values:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "default" -offset indent -compact
.It Ar default
Set window focus on border crossings caused by cursor motion and
window interaction.
.It Ar follow
Set window focus on all cursor border crossings, including workspace switches
and changes to layout.
.It Ar manual
Set window focus on window interaction only.
.El
.It Ic java_workaround
Workaround a Java GUI rendering issue on non-reparenting window managers by
impersonating the LG3D window manager, written by Sun. Default is 1.
.It Ic keyboard_mapping
Clear all key bindings and load new key bindings from the specified file.
This allows you to load pre-defined key bindings for your keyboard layout.
See the
.Sx KEYBOARD MAPPING FILES
section below for a list of keyboard mapping files that have been provided
for several keyboard layouts.
.It Ic layout
Select layout to use at start-of-day. Defined in the format
.Li ws Ns Bo Ar idx Bc : Ns Ar master_grow : Ns Ar master_add : Ns Ar stack_inc : Ns Ar always_raise : Ns Ar stack_mode ,
e.g. ws[2]:-4:0:1:0:horizontal sets worskspace 2 to the horizontal stack
mode, shrinks the master area by 4 ticks and adds one window to the
stack, while maintaining default floating window behavior.
Possible
.Ar stack_mode
values are
.Ar vertical ,
.Ar vertical_flip ,
.Ar horizontal ,
.Ar horizontal_flip
and
.Ar fullscreen .
.Pp
See
.Ic master_grow ,
.Ic master_shrink ,
.Ic master_add ,
.Ic master_del ,
.Ic stack_inc ,
.Ic stack_dec ,
and
.Ic always_raise
for more information.
Note that the stacking options are complicated and have side-effects. One
should familiarize oneself with these commands before experimenting with the
.Ic layout
option.
.Pp
This setting is not retained at restart.
.It Ic modkey
Change mod key.
Mod1 is generally the ALT key and Mod4 is the windows key on a PC.
.It Ic name
Set the name of a workspace at start-of-day.
Defined in the format
.Li ws Ns Bo Ar idx Bc : Ns Ar name ,
e.g. ws[1]:Console sets the name of workspace 1 to
.Dq Console .
.It Ic program Ns Bq Ar p
Define new action to spawn a program
.Ar p .
See the
.Sx PROGRAMS
section below.
.It Ic quirk Ns Bq Ar c Ns Li : Ns Ar i Ns Li : Ns Ar n
Add "quirk" for windows with class
.Ar c ,
instance
.Ar i
and name
.Ar n .
See the
.Sx QUIRKS
section below.
.It Ic region
Allocates a custom region, removing any autodetected regions which occupy the
same space on the screen.
Defined in the format
.Li screen Ns Bo Ar idx Ns Bc : Ns Ar width Ns x Ns Ar height Ns + Ns Ar x Ns + Ns Ar y ,
e.g. screen[1]:800x1200+0+0.
.Pp
To make a region span multiple monitors, create a region big enough to cover
them all, e.g. screen[1]:2048x768+0+0 makes the region span two monitors with
1024x768 resolution sitting one next to the other.
.It Ic region_padding
Pixel width of empty space within region borders.
Disable by setting to 0.
.It Ic spawn_position
Position in stack to place newly spawned windows.
Possible values are
.Ar first ,
.Ar next ,
.Ar previous
and
.Ar last
(default).
.Ar next
and
.Ar previous
are relative to the focused window.
.It Ic stack_enabled
Enable or disable displaying the current stacking algorithm in the status
bar.
.It Ic term_width
Set a preferred minimum width for the terminal.
If this value is greater than 0,
.Nm
will attempt to adjust the font sizes in the terminal to keep the terminal
width above this number as the window is resized.
Only
.Xr xterm 1
is currently supported.
The
.Xr xterm 1
binary must not be setuid or setgid, which it is by default on most systems.
Users may need to set program[term] (see the
.Sx PROGRAMS
section) to use an alternate copy of the
.Xr xterm 1
binary without the setgid bit set.
.It Ic tile_gap
Pixel width of empty space between tiled windows.  Negative values cause overlap.
Set this to the opposite of border_width to collapse the border between tiles.
Disable by setting to 0.
.It Ic urgent_enabled
Enable or disable the urgency hint indicator in the status bar.
Note that many terminal emulators require an explicit setting for the bell
character to trigger urgency on the window.  In
.Xr xterm 1 ,
for example, one needs to add the following line to
.Pa .Xdefaults :
.Bd -literal -offset indent
xterm.bellIsUrgent: true
.Ed
.It Ic verbose_layout
Enable or disable displaying the current master window count and stack column/row
count in the status bar.
Enable by setting to 1.
See
.Ar master_add ,
.Ar master_del ,
.Ar stack_inc
and
.Ar stack_dec
for more information.
.It Ic window_class_enabled
Enable or disable displaying the window class name (from WM_CLASS) in the
status bar.  Enable by setting to 1.
.It Ic window_instance_enabled
Enable or disable displaying the window instance name (from WM_CLASS) in the
status bar.  Enable by setting to 1.
.It Ic window_name_enabled
Enable or disable displaying the window display name (from _NET_WM_NAME/WM_NAME)
in the status bar.  Enable by setting to 1.
.Pp
To prevent excessively large window names from pushing the remaining text off
the bar, it's limited to 64 characters, by default.
See the
.Ic bar_format
option for more details.
.It Ic warp_pointer
Centers the mouse pointer on the focused window when using key bindings to
change focus, switch workspaces, change regions, etc.  Enable by setting to 1.
.It Ic workspace_limit
Set the total number of workspaces available. Minimum is 1, maximum is 22,
default is 10.
.El
.Sh PROGRAMS
.Nm
allows you to define custom actions to launch programs of your choice and
then bind them the same as with built-in actions.
See the
.Sx BINDINGS
section below.
.Pp
Custom programs in the configuration file are specified as follows:
.Pp
.Dl program Ns Bo Ar action Bc = Ar progpath Op Ar arg Op Ar arg ...
.Pp
.Ar action
is any identifier that does not conflict with a built-in action or keyword,
.Ar progpath
is the desired program, and
.Ar arg
is zero or more arguments to the program.
.Pp
Remember that when using # in your program call, it must be escaped with a
backslash. i.e. \e#
.Pp
The following argument variables will be substituted for values at the time the program
is spawned:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "$bar_font_color" -offset indent -compact
.It Cm $bar_border
.It Cm $bar_color
.It Cm $bar_font
.It Cm $bar_font_color
.It Cm $color_focus
.It Cm $color_unfocus
.It Cm $dmenu_bottom
\-b if bar_at_bottom is enabled.
.It Cm $region_index
.It Cm $workspace_index
.El
.Pp
Example:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
program[ff] = /usr/local/bin/firefox http://spectrwm.org/
bind[ff] = MOD+Shift+b # Now M-S-b launches firefox
.Ed
.Pp
To cancel the previous, unbind it:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
bind[] = MOD+Shift+b
.Ed
.Pp
Default programs:
.Bl -tag -width "screenshot_wind" -offset indent -compact
.It Cm lock
xlock
.It Cm menu
dmenu_run $dmenu_bottom \-fn $bar_font \-nb $bar_color \-nf $bar_font_color \-sb
$bar_border \-sf $bar_color
.It Cm term
xterm
.It Cm initscr
initscreen.sh        # optional
.It Cm screenshot_all
screenshot.sh full   # optional
.It Cm screenshot_wind
screenshot.sh window # optional
.El
.Pp
Note that optional default programs will not be validated unless overridden.
If a default program fails validation, you can resolve the exception
by installing the program, modifying the program call or disabling the program
by freeing the respective key binding.
.Pp
For example, to override
.Ic lock :
.Bd -literal -offset indent
program[lock] = xscreensaver\-command \-\-lock
.Ed
.Pp
To unbind
.Ic lock
and prevent it from being validated:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
bind[] = MOD+Shift+Delete
.Ed
.Sh BINDINGS
.Nm
provides many functions (or actions) accessed via key or mouse bindings.
.Pp
The current mouse bindings are described below:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "M-j, M-<TAB>XXX" -offset indent -compact
.It Cm M1
Focus window
.It Cm M-M1
Move window
.It Cm M-M3
Resize window
.It Cm M-S-M3
Resize window while maintaining it centered
.El
.Pp
The default key bindings are described below:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "M-j, M-<TAB>XXXXXX" -offset indent -compact
.It Cm M-S- Ns Aq Cm Return
term
.It Cm M-p
menu
.It Cm M-S-q
quit
.It Cm M-q
restart
.It Cm M- Ns Aq Cm Space
cycle_layout
.It Cm M-S-\e
flip_layout
.It Cm M-S- Ns Aq Cm Space
stack_reset
.It Cm M-h
master_shrink
.It Cm M-l
master_grow
.It Cm M-,
master_add
.It Cm M-.
master_del
.It Cm M-S-,
stack_inc
.It Cm M-S-.
stack_dec
.It Cm M- Ns Aq Cm Return
swap_main
.It Xo
.Cm M-j ,
.Cm M- Ns Aq Cm TAB
.Xc
focus_next
.It Xo
.Cm M-k ,
.Cm M-S- Ns Aq Cm TAB
.Xc
focus_prev
.It Cm M-m
focus_main
.It Cm M-u
focus_urgent
.It Cm M-S-j
swap_next
.It Cm M-S-k
swap_prev
.It Cm M-b
bar_toggle
.It Cm M-S-b
bar_toggle_ws
.It Cm M-x
wind_del
.It Cm M-S-x
wind_kill
.It Cm M- Ns Aq Ar 1-9,0,F1-F12
.Pf ws_ Aq Ar 1-22
.It Cm M-S- Ns Aq Ar 1-9,0,F1-F12
.Pf mvws_ Ns Aq Ar 1-22
.It Cm M- Ns Aq Ar Keypad 1-9
.Pf rg_ Aq Ar 1-9
.It Cm M-S- Ns Aq Ar Keypad 1-9
.Pf mvrg_ Aq Ar 1-9
.It Cm M- Ns Aq Cm Right
ws_next
.It Cm M- Ns Aq Cm Left
ws_prev
.It Cm M- Ns Aq Cm Up
ws_next_all
.It Cm M- Ns Aq Cm Down
ws_prev_all
.It Cm M-a
ws_next_move
.It Cm M-S- Ns Aq Cm Left
ws_prev_move
.It Cm M-S- Ns Aq Cm Up
ws_prior
.It Cm M-S- Ns Aq Cm Right
rg_next
.It Cm M-S- Ns Aq Cm Left
rg_prev
.It Cm M-s
screenshot_all
.It Cm M-S-s
screenshot_wind
.It Cm M-S-v
version
.It Cm M-t
float_toggle
.It Cm M-S- Ns Aq Cm Delete
lock
.It Cm M-S-i
initscr
.It Cm M-w
iconify
.It Cm M-S-w
uniconify
.It Cm M-e
maximize_toggle
.It Cm M-S-r
always_raise
.It Cm M-v
button2
.It Cm M--
width_shrink
.It Cm M-=
width_grow
.It Cm M-S--
height_shrink
.It Cm M-S-=
height_grow
.It Cm M-[
move_left
.It Cm M-]
move_right
.It Cm M-S-[
move_up
.It Cm M-S-]
move_down
.It Cm M-S-/
name_workspace
.It Cm M-/
search_workspace
.It Cm M-f
search_win
.El
.Pp
The action names and descriptions are listed below:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "M-j, M-<TAB>XXXX" -offset indent -compact
.It Cm term
Spawn a new terminal
(see
.Sx PROGRAMS
above).
.It Cm menu
Menu
(see
.Sx PROGRAMS
above).
.It Cm quit
Quit
.Nm .
.It Cm restart
Restart
.Nm .
.It Cm cycle_layout
Cycle layout.
.It Cm flip_layout
Swap the master and stacking areas.
.It Cm stack_reset
Reset layout.
.It Cm master_shrink
Shrink master area.
.It Cm master_grow
Grow master area.
.It Cm master_add
Add windows to master area.
.It Cm master_del
Remove windows from master area.
.It Cm stack_inc
Add columns/rows to stacking area.
.It Cm stack_dec
Remove columns/rows from stacking area.
.It Cm swap_main
Move current window to master area.
.It Cm focus_next
Focus next window in workspace.
.It Cm focus_prev
Focus previous window in workspace.
.It Cm focus_main
Focus on main window in workspace.
.It Cm focus_urgent
Focus on next window with the urgency hint flag set.  The workspace is switched if needed.
.It Cm swap_next
Swap with next window in workspace.
.It Cm swap_prev
Swap with previous window in workspace.
.It Cm bar_toggle
Toggle overall visibility of status bars.
.It Cm bar_toggle_ws
Toggle status bar on current workspace.
.It Cm wind_del
Delete current window in workspace.
.It Cm wind_kill
Destroy current window in workspace.
.It Cm ws_ Ns Ar n
Switch to workspace
.Ar n ,
where
.Ar n
is 1 through
.Ic workspace_limit .
.It Cm mvws_ Ns Ar n
Move current window to workspace
.Ar n ,
where
.Ar n
is 1 through
.Ic workspace_limit .
.It Cm rg_ Ns Ar n
Focus on region
.Ar n ,
where
.Ar n
is 1 through 9.
.It Cm mvrg_ Ns Ar n
Move current window to region
.Ar n ,
where
.Ar n
is 1 through 9.
.It Cm ws_next
Switch to next workspace with a window in it.
.It Cm ws_prev
Switch to previous workspace with a window in it.
.It Cm ws_next_all
Switch to next workspace.
.It Cm ws_prev_all
Switch to previous workspace.
.It Cm ws_next_move
Switch to next workspace with the current window.
.It Cm ws_prev_move
Switch to previous workspace with the current window.
.It Cm ws_prior
Switch to last visited workspace.
.It Cm rg_next
Switch to next region.
.It Cm rg_prev
Switch to previous region.
.It Cm screenshot_all
Take screenshot of entire screen (if enabled)
(see
.Sx PROGRAMS
above).
.It Cm screenshot_wind
Take screenshot of selected window (if enabled)
(see
.Sx PROGRAMS
above).
.It Cm version
Toggle version in status bar.
.It Cm float_toggle
Toggle focused window between tiled and floating.
.It Cm lock
Lock screen
(see
.Sx PROGRAMS
above).
.It Cm initscr
Reinitialize physical screens
(see
.Sx PROGRAMS
above).
.It Cm iconify
Minimize (unmap) currently focused window.
.It Cm uniconify
Restore (map) window returned by
.Xr dmenu 1
selection.
.It Cm maximize_toggle
Toggle maximization of focused window.
.It Cm always_raise
When set tiled windows are allowed to obscure floating windows.
.It Cm button2
Fake a middle mouse button click (mouse button 2).
.It Cm width_shrink
Shrink the width of a floating window.
.It Cm width_grow
Grow the width of a floating window.
.It Cm height_shrink
Shrink the height of a floating window.
.It Cm height_grow
Grow the height of a floating window.
.It Cm move_left
Move a floating window a step to the left.
.It Cm move_right
Move a floating window a step to the right.
.It Cm move_up
Move a floating window a step upwards.
.It Cm move_down
Move a floating window a step downwards.
.It Cm name_workspace
Name the current workspace.
.It Cm search_workspace
Search for a workspace.
.It Cm search_win
Search the windows in the current workspace.
.El
.Pp
Custom bindings in the configuration file are specified as follows:
.Pp
.Dl bind Ns Bo Ar action Bc = Ar keys
.Pp
.Ar action
is one of the actions listed above (or empty to unbind) and
.Ar keys
is in the form of zero or more modifier keys
(MOD, Mod1, Shift, etc.) and one or more normal keys
(b, Space, etc.), separated by
.Ql + .
.Pp
Example:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
bind[reset] = Mod4+q # bind Windows-key + q to reset
bind[] = Mod1+q # unbind Alt + q
.Ed
.Pp
To use the currently defined
.Ic modkey ,
specify MOD as the modifier key.
.Pp
Multiple key combinations may be bound to the same action.
.Pp
To bind non-latin characters such as \[oa] or \[*p] you must enter the xkb
character name instead of the character itself. Run xev, focus the window
and press the specific key and in the terminal output read the symbol name.
In the following example for \[oa]:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
KeyPress event, serial 41, synthetic NO, window 0x2600001,
    root 0x15a, subw 0x0, time 106213808, (11,5), root:(359,823),
    state 0x0, keycode 24 (keysym 0xe5, aring), same_screen YES,
    XLookupString gives 2 bytes: (c3 a5) "\[oa]"
    XmbLookupString gives 2 bytes: (c3 a5) "\[oa]"
    XFilterEvent returns: False
.Ed
.Pp
The xkb name is aring. In other words, in
.Pa spectrwm.conf
add:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
bind[program] = MOD+aring
.Ed
.Sh KEYBOARD MAPPING FILES
Keyboard mapping files for several keyboard layouts are listed
below.
These files can be used with the
.Ic keyboard_mapping
setting to load pre-defined key bindings for the specified
keyboard layout.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "spectrwm_XX.confXXX" -offset indent -compact
.It Cm spectrwm_cz.conf
Czech Republic keyboard layout
.It Cm spectrwm_es.conf
Spanish keyboard layout
.It Cm spectrwm_fr.conf
French keyboard layout
.It Cm spectrwm_fr_ch.conf
Swiss French keyboard layout
.It Cm spectrwm_se.conf
Swedish keyboard layout
.It Cm spectrwm_us.conf
United States keyboard layout
.El
.Sh QUIRKS
.Nm
provides "quirks" which handle windows that must be treated specially
in a tiling window manager, such as some dialogs and fullscreen apps.
.Pp
The default quirks are described below:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "OpenOffice.org N.M:VCLSalFrame<TAB>XXX" -offset indent \
-compact
.It Firefox\-bin:firefox\-bin
TRANSSZ
.It Firefox:Dialog
FLOAT
.It Gimp:gimp
FLOAT + ANYWHERE
.It MPlayer:xv
FLOAT + FULLSCREEN + FOCUSPREV
.It OpenOffice.org 2.4:VCLSalFrame
FLOAT
.It OpenOffice.org 3.1:VCLSalFrame
FLOAT
.It pcb:pcb
FLOAT
.It xine:Xine Window
FLOAT + ANYWHERE
.It xine:xine Panel
FLOAT + ANYWHERE
.It xine:xine Video Fullscreen Window
FULLSCREEN + FLOAT
.It Xitk:Xitk Combo
FLOAT + ANYWHERE
.It Xitk:Xine Window
FLOAT + ANYWHERE
.It XTerm:xterm
XTERM_FONTADJ
.El
.Pp
The quirks themselves are described below:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "XTERM_FONTADJ<TAB>XXX" -offset indent -compact
.It FLOAT
This window should not be tiled, but allowed to float freely.
.It TRANSSZ
Adjusts size on transient windows that are too small using
.Ic dialog_ratio
(see
.Sx CONFIGURATION FILES ) .
.It ANYWHERE
Allow window to position itself, uncentered.
.It XTERM_FONTADJ
Adjust xterm fonts when resizing.
.It FULLSCREEN
Remove border to allow window to use full region size.
.It FOCUSPREV
On exit force focus on previously focused application not previous
application in the stack.
.It NOFOCUSONMAP
Don't change focus to the window when it first appears on the screen.
Has no effect when
.Ic focus_mode
is set to
.Ar follow .
.It FOCUSONMAP_SINGLE
When the window first appears on the screen, change focus to the window
if there are no other windows on the workspace with the same WM_CLASS
class/instance value.  Has no effect when
.Ic focus_mode
is set to
.Ar follow .
.It OBEYAPPFOCUSREQ
When an application requests focus on the window via a _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW
client message (source indication of 1), comply with the request.
Note that a source indication of 0 (unspecified) or 2 (pager) are always
obeyed.
.It IGNOREPID
Ignore the PID when determining the initial workspace for a new window.
Especially useful for terminal windows that share a process.
.It IGNORESPAWNWS
Ignore the spawn workspace when determining the initial workspace for a
new window.
.El
.Pp
Custom quirks in the configuration file are specified as follows:
.Pp
.Dl quirk Ns Bo Ar class Ns Bo : Ns Ar instance Ns Bo : Ns Ar name Bc Bc Bc = Ar quirk Op + Ar quirk ...
.Pp
.Ar class ,
.Ar instance
(optional) and
.Ar name
(optional) are patterns used to determine which window(s) the quirk(s) apply
to and
.Ar quirk
is one of the quirks from the list above.
.Pp
Note that patterns are interpreted as POSIX Extended Regular Expressions.
Any ':', '[' or ']' must be escaped with '\\'.
See
.Xr regex 7
for more information on POSIX Extended Regular Expressions.
.Pp
For example:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
quirk[MPlayer] = FLOAT + FULLSCREEN + FOCUSPREV # Float all windows having a \
class of 'MPlayer'
quirk[.*] = FLOAT # Float all windows by default.
quirk[.*:.*:.*] = FLOAT # Same as above.
quirk[Firefox:Navigator] = FLOAT # Float all Firefox browser windows.
quirk[::Console] = FLOAT # Float windows with WM_CLASS not set and a \
window name of 'Console'.
quirk[\\[0-9\\].*:.*:\\[\\[\\:alnum\\:\\]\\]*] = FLOAT # Float windows with WM_CLASS \
class beginning with a number, any WM_CLASS instance and a \
_NET_WM_NAME/WM_NAME either blank or containing alphanumeric characters without spaces.
quirk[pcb:pcb] = NONE # remove existing quirk
.Ed
.Pp
You can obtain
.Ar class ,
.Ar instance
and
.Ar name
by running
.Xr xprop 1
and then clicking on the desired window.
In the following example the main window of Firefox was clicked:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
$ xprop | grep \-E "^(WM_CLASS|_NET_WM_NAME|WM_NAME)"
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "Navigator", "Firefox"
WM_NAME(STRING) = "spectrwm - ConformalOpenSource"
_NET_WM_NAME(UTF8_STRING) = "spectrwm - ConformalOpenSource"
.Ed
.Pp
Note that
.Xr xprop 1
displays WM_CLASS as:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "<instance>", "<class>"
.Ed
.Pp
In the example above the quirk entry would be:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
quirk[Firefox:Navigator] = FLOAT
.Ed
.Pp
.Nm
also automatically assigns quirks to windows based on the value
of the window's _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE property as follows:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR<TAB>XXX" -offset indent -compact
.It _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK
FLOAT + ANYWHERE
.It _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR
FLOAT + ANYWHERE
.It _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY
FLOAT + ANYWHERE
.It _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH
FLOAT
.It _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG
FLOAT
.El
.Pp
In all other cases, no automatic quirks are assigned to the window.
Quirks specified in the configuration file override the automatic quirks.
.Sh EWMH
.Nm
partially implements the Extended Window Manager Hints (EWMH) specification.
This enables controlling windows as well as
.Nm
itself from external scripts and programs.
This is achieved by
.Nm
responding to certain ClientMessage events.
From the terminal these events
can be conveniently sent using tools such as
.Xr wmctrl 1
and
.Xr xdotool 1 .
For the
actual format of these ClientMessage events, see the EWMH specification.
.Pp
The id of the currently focused window is stored in the _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW
property of the root window.
This can be used for example to retrieve the
title of the currently active window with
.Xr xprop 1
and
.Xr grep 1 :
.Bd -literal -offset indent
$ WINDOWID=`xprop \-root _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW | grep \-o "0x.*"`
$ xprop \-id $WINDOWID _NET_WM_NAME | grep \-o "\\".*\\""
.Ed
.Pp
A window can be focused by sending a _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW client message
to the root window.
For example, using
.Xr wmctrl 1
to send the message
(assuming 0x4a0000b is the id of the window to be focused):
.Bd -literal -offset indent
$ wmctrl \-i \-a 0x4a0000b
.Ed
.Pp
Windows can be closed by sending a _NET_CLOSE_WINDOW client message
to the root window.
For example, using
.Xr wmctrl 1
to send the message
(assuming 0x4a0000b is the id of the window to be closed):
.Bd -literal -offset indent
$ wmctrl \-i \-c 0x4a0000b
.Ed
.Pp
Windows can be floated and un-floated by adding or removing the
_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE atom from the _NET_WM_STATE property of the window.
This can be achieved by sending a _NET_WM_STATE client message to the
root window.
For example, the following toggles the floating state of
a window using
.Xr wmctrl 1
to send the message (assuming 0x4a0000b is the id of the window to be
floated or un-floated):
.Bd -literal -offset indent
$ wmctrl \-i \-r 0x4a0000b \-b toggle,_NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE
.Ed
.Pp
Windows can also be iconified and un-iconified by substituting
_NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN for _NET_WM_STATE_ABOVE in the previous example:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
$ wmctrl \-i \-r 0x4a0000b \-b toggle,_NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN
.Ed
.Pp
Floating windows can also be resized and moved by sending a
_NET_MOVERESIZE_WINDOW client message to the root window.
For example,
using
.Xr wmctrl 1
to send the message (assuming 0x4a0000b is the id of
the window to be resize/moved):
.Bd -literal -offset indent
$ wmctrl \-i \-r 0x4a0000b \-e 0,100,50,640,480
.Ed
.Pp
This moves the window to (100,50) and resizes it to 640x480.
.Pp
Any _NET_MOVERESIZE_WINDOW events received for stacked windows are ignored.
.Sh SIGNALS
Sending
.Nm
a HUP signal will restart it.
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width "/etc/spectrwm.confXXX" -compact
.It Pa ~/.spectrwm.conf
.Nm
user specific settings.
.It Pa /etc/spectrwm.conf
.Nm
global settings.
.El
.Sh HISTORY
.Nm
was inspired by xmonad & dwm.
.Sh AUTHORS
.An -nosplit
.Nm
was written by:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "Ryan Thomas McBride Aq mcbride@countersiege.com " -offset \
indent -compact
.It Cm Marco Peereboom Aq marco@peereboom.us
.It Cm Ryan Thomas McBride Aq mcbride@countersiege.com
.It Cm Darrin Chandler Aq dwchandler@stilyagin.com
.It Cm Pierre-Yves Ritschard Aq pyr@spootnik.org
.It Cm Tuukka Kataja Aq stuge@xor.fi
.It Cm Jason L. Wright Aq jason@thought.net
.It Cm Reginald Kennedy Aq rk@rejii.com
.It Cm Lawrence Teo Aq lteo@lteo.net
.It Cm Tiago Cunha Aq tcunha@gmx.com
.It Cm David Hill Aq dhill@mindcry.org
.El